How to build houses on carriages. Norwegian cabin

Today it is becoming popular to build houses from a carriage, which is a double-edged beam: perfectly processed pine logs with a diameter of 330-350 mm, from which walls and internal partitions are made. The finished material is chopped logs from 300 to 500 mm in diameter, they are ground on two opposite sides to 180-280 mm. Houses made from gun carriages are warm, functional, and have an attractive appearance, do not require additional finishing with clapboard, siding, etc. decorative materials. Newfangled houses are made according to Norwegian technology, which is based on a special Norwegian cutting. Let's take a closer look at what a carriage is, a Norwegian cabin and the features of its implementation.

A house made from a gun carriage is warm, functional, beautiful, and does not require finishing with clapboard or other decorative materials.

Technology and features of cutting in Norwegian

Norwegian felling technology involves preparing a carriage for a log house and laying it down. The log house is the basis of a log house. The log house consists of logs that are stacked horizontally on top of each other, forming crowns. The length of the logs is from 6 m. For good joining of the elements forming the wall, a groove is made on the log located on top, into which the inter-crown insulation is laid. At the corners, the logs are connected with special notches, called locks. The locks have a wedge-shaped profile. The log house is built from wood that has natural moisture. According to Norwegian technology, the material dries in a log house. After construction, the log house is dried, kept for a certain period of time, and then dismantled. The logs are laid with the connection of unsurpassed Norwegian locks, which, when the fire monitor shrinks, self-seal under the force of their mass. When self-sealing, the carriage cannot rotate. The density of the lock depends on the shrinkage: the greater it is, the stronger the lock. It is the most reliable in Norwegian housing construction.

When constructing houses with a Norwegian castle, the material is checked for damage and is selected according to technical specifications and standards. The lumber that has passed the inspection is cleared of bark, the trunks are treated with an environmentally friendly antiseptic based on resins and turpentine, the ends and areas with a violation of the fibrous structure of the tree (cuts, grooves) are treated with special care, then the logs are sorted by length and shape, while precise measurements are taken, All kinds of growths, protrusions, and defects are removed. Then the material arrives at the construction site, where the cutting of the log house begins.

The structure is cut to its natural size. After the cutting process is completed, all logs are marked according to the assembly drawings. The log house is dismantled, the material is loaded onto transport and delivered to the assembly site, and installed on the foundation. During installation, gelling is carried out, the installation of special pins (dowels, wooden nails made of hardwood), which are installed (placed) inside the beams. Dowels prevent movement of the outer elements during the process, maintaining the vertical position of the wood walls. Then the installation of the roof, windows and doors, painting of the house, engineering work, finishing, and landscaping of the surrounding areas are carried out.

Distinctive features of houses made from gun carriages

In the manufacture of gun carriages and the construction of gun carriage houses, the following are used:

band sawmill with electronic and hydraulic systems;
compasses with built-in levels;
impact drill;
chainsaw;
Norwegian axes of a specific shape;
plane;
machine;
adze;
truck crane;
cargo equipment;
lifting equipment;
transport.

Modern sawmills have the ability to work with materials up to 11 m in length, which is very important when constructing houses with long walls. The flat and smooth surface of the material allows you to save on finishing, since the carriage, processed to an ideal state, does not need plating.

Type of connection of logs into a “Norwegian castle”

When considering in detail the question of what a carriage is, one cannot help but touch upon its advantages and disadvantages. How to use the carriage building material has many advantages when building houses. The walls inside and outside the building are flat. After grinding, they acquire a smooth surface and do not require additional finishing. Walls make it possible to easily install wires, cables and pipes. Usable area the house increases, furniture, wall and wall cabinets and other structures fit perfectly into the interior, decorative elements, while a wooden frame makes it possible to make maximum use of the internal space. Thanks to the use of a Norwegian castle fire monitor houses strong, durable, warm.

The carriage is made of pine and larch, which are characterized by resistance to rotting. Moisture is prevented from entering the log house. Advantage wooden house is the ease of construction of unplanned window and doorways, healthy internal microclimate due to the use of environmentally friendly materials, low humidity and good ventilation. The thickness of the carriage walls reaches 200 mm, does not require insulation, the walls are characterized by good sound and heat insulation, the “Norwegian lock” connection ensures the reliability and rigidity of the structure. The disadvantages of houses made from gun carriages include the removal during processing of the top layer of wood, which is the strongest, the material has cracks and breaks in the wood structure on narrow surfaces, and the length of time the timber subsides to gain structural strength.

The use of a carriage in construction makes it possible to build a beautiful, reliable, practical, warm home with an excellent indoor climate.

Company " Winter forest» offers turnkey houses from gun carriages in the Tver and Moscow regions: design, manufacturing and construction wooden houses using Norwegian technology from the forest winter harvesting. The simplicity and reliability of wooden houses, regardless of the era, remain their undeniable advantages. But every year, the environmental friendliness and aesthetics of such houses become more and more attractive to homeowners.

Projects

The undeniable advantages of houses made from gun carriages

A Norwegian carriage is a log that has been hewn on its sides and is used to assemble the walls of houses. It is distinguished from standard cylindrical logs by its special bowl shape with different parameters for the upper and lower fastening elements, which ensures a reliable connection.

This method of assembly got its name - “Norwegian castle”. Houses made from gun carriages, which were the usual home of Norwegians several centuries ago, are becoming increasingly popular in our country thanks to their non-standard but simple construction. Houses made from gun carriages have gained approval due to a number of undoubted advantages:

high level of thermal insulation: a wall thickness of 20 cm due to the truncated sides of the log houses and the tightest possible connection of logs ensures reliable protection from cold and frost;
reliability and durability: a special system for fixing logs ensures a secure fit, eliminating any deformation;
optimal sizes space: the flat surface of the logs ensures smooth external and interior walls, eliminating the need for additional finishing with decorative materials, which means interior space the premises remain spacious, and the exterior of the house is beautiful in its naturalness;
convenience of comfortable living: smooth and flat walls allow you to lay all the necessary communications without much effort and special tricks ( electrical wires, plumbing and sewer pipes etc.);
environmental friendliness: in houses made of gun carriages, due to the natural nature of the material, an optimal microclimate for life is established.

Houses built using Norwegian technology from winter forests are distinguished by excellent thermal insulation and are not subject to rotting (the gun carriage passes special treatment protective means).

House made of gun carriages: fast, simple, reliable

At the Winter Forest company you can quickly and easily buy your own house from a gun carriage in the Moscow or Tver region. User reviews will help you make the best decision when choosing a wooden house, and you can order a project at a convenient price now by contacting our specialists in any convenient way.

Made from rounded tree trunks. You will learn about what a carriage is, how and what it is made of. The article will tell you about the advantages and disadvantages of houses made of gun carriages, as well as the design features of the walls.

Wooden houses made from solid logs have always been considered a “privilege” of the Russian village. Skilled carpenters in wooded areas created masterpieces of wooden architecture using primitive tools. However, not only in Russia they know how to build from long logs. Norwegian ship carpenters, who also knew a lot about reliable wooden joints and structures, have long built houses from logs processed in a special way, called carriages.

What is a carriage

The carriage is a log, sawn on both sides in such a way as to form two mutually parallel planes. In appearance, it can be called a huge board with rounded edges. The size of the element is usually standard - 240x400 mm. It has a domestic analogue of the name - gable beam.

The material for the carriage can be any type of construction wood, but usually it is pine. Unlike prefabricated laminated long lengths, this material is demanding on the quality of raw materials:

The highest quality timber is used to produce the carriage.
The barrel must have a uniform structure along its entire length - defects cannot be removed or replaced.
Only wood with normal humidity - 12-15% - is accepted for work.

Otherwise, the elements of the log house repeat the well-known rounded log.

How to make a carriage

Creating a gable beam is a labor-intensive procedure. There's a lot involved in it manual labor, equipment and qualified work of specialists and organizers. You can’t handle such a log house “on your own” - usually the site is organized at a special training ground. Let's consider step by step how and with what a carriage is created.

Operation: Delivery of logs to the landfill.

What you need: Freight transport, lifting equipment (forklift).

Operation: Removing the edges of the log.

What you need: Movable band saw on casters and frame and experienced operators.

First, the end is marked - how much excess wood needs to be removed. Then the saw is used - it moves along the log, removing a layer of wood (30-50 mm). Along the way, you get an unedged board and a slab.

Operation: Debarking (removing bark).

What you need: A pair of powerful hand planes and physically strong workers.

The remaining part of the curves is processed with a plane - the bark and irregularities are removed. Then the entire forest is antiseptic.

In order to carry out the actions described above, you need a prepared site, equipment and personnel. But these are only blanks, or, as carpenters say, “blanks” for a log house - they are called a carriage. But in order to become a full-fledged element of a log house, such a log needs to go through two of the most difficult stages - cutting and fitting.

What is the peculiarity of a log house made from a gun carriage?

The peculiarity of the Norwegian log house is the fastening of the logs together, which is called the “Norwegian castle”. At a quick glance, the crowns look as usual - a standard 900 trim, but the most interesting and complex thing is hidden inside. Complex cutting is the work of a careful and skilled carpenter.

Describing in words how this cutting is done is as difficult as learning it from a book. This is the main reason for the relatively low adoption of the technology. The connection takes a long time and requires high precision and fittings—carpenters call this work “furniture.”

Norwegian cut on video

Why such difficulties? Increasing the complexity of cutting has five goals that fully justify the time invested:

More nested angles mean better mechanical reliability.
An increase in the contact area of two elements means an increase in the friction force between them.
The notch design bevels the angle at which gravity acts on the elements. In this case, the load is distributed inside the ligament, further compacting and strengthening it. In other words, the load from the weight of the walls works to strengthen the connection between the crowns.
Complete absence of foreign fasteners - there are no points of excess stress, the entire load is evenly distributed through the (relatively) soft wood.
Multi-plane coupling with stepped changes blocks (or significantly reduces) drafts.

This “multidisciplinary” approach to connecting crowns explains a lot. It now becomes obvious that the additional hours and days invested in the log house during construction will result in years and decades of use in the future. Simply put, the Norwegians tried to get the most out of a tree trunk using intelligence and technology.

Advantages and disadvantages of timber frames

When analyzing the information above, you should remember that an ideal building material does not exist.

Advantages:

Natural eco-friendly raw material - wood. This also includes the convenience of processing and fastening subsequent elements (stairs, ceilings, sheathing, etc.).
Does not hide centimeters indoors. Logs protruding inward from the sides are a problem with all log houses. round section. A wall made from a carriage is closer in appearance to a calibrated beam and does not require additional processing and coatings (except for mandatory grinding and antiseptic treatment).
The connection of the crowns helps to strengthen the ligament during settlement and load of the walls.
240 mm of wood thickness is equivalent to 380 mm in thermal conductivity brickwork(one and a half bricks).
The log house is assembled without electricity (except for lighting) and without metal fasteners.

Flaws:

A complex, time-consuming and expensive process of creating a building. The entire log house is first assembled completely at the landfill, then marked and disassembled for transportation.
In 90% of cases - individual work to order. This means that construction needs to be planned in advance, about two years in advance, so that the material for it is prepared.
Even in the form of a carriage, a log remains a log, and a tree remains a tree. This means that it will be subject to all the problems of wood: wear and tear from weathering, frost, moisture cycles, insects, rot, and so on. Of course, like any solid wood frame, it will require antiseptic treatment every 2-3 years, and caulking every 3-6 years.
Fire hazard.

Log house from a gun carriage on video

Along with obvious characteristics, one can also note neutral features that are specific to the carriage.

In a region where it is necessary to build a house from a Norwegian gun carriage, there may simply not be specialists in cutting and installation. Then the prefabricated kit will have to be transported from afar, which will increase transport costs. On the other hand, this is an advantage, because the house can be transported to any place.

Overall, a log house is a great option for someone who believes that solid log houses are the best. Of course, in terms of reliability of fastening, the Norwegian notch is an example of a reasonable approach and understanding of load distribution. European technical thought and thrift are rightfully winning Russian market by providing quality technical solutions and materials.

Carriage is one of the types of lumber that is used for building houses. In this article we will talk about what a carriage is, how it differs from timber or logs, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of houses made from this material.

What is a carriage

Initially, a carriage was called a log, from which a “slab” was cut off from two parallel sides - the bark and part of the trunk. The result was a material that was much more convenient to work with than a regular log, because the same width of the carriages made it possible to make smooth walls. Gradually, the carriage began to be called not only cut logs, but also some types of profiled timber assembled into a “Norwegian castle”, a special type of connection in which a hole is cut out in the upper and lower beam complex shape. The Norwegian castle is a further development of the laying of log cabins, but adapted to new materials, so it uses all best solutions, such as a connection in a lock and an okhryap, in addition, fixation with the help of such a lock increases as it shrinks.

The connection in oblo (from the Old Slavonic “obly”, that is, round) involves cutting or cutting out a bowl in the upper log, the size and shape of which corresponds to the lower log. Thus, each upper crown keeps the crown underneath it from spreading. The connection in the okhryap involves the creation of identical, but 90° rotated locks in the upper and lower beams. The width of the lock is equal to half the diameter of the log, and the depth is equal to a quarter of the diameter.

Pros and cons of carriage houses

In most cases, the carriage is made from logs of natural or high humidity, so the material itself is cheaper than any type of timber, with the exception of double. Read about what double timber is in the article (Houses made of double timber - features of construction technology). Due to the fact that the carriage has high humidity, after the start of shrinkage, cracks begin to cover the saw cut, which are hallmark houses made of rounded logs or timber with natural moisture. If, under the name of a carriage, you are offered a profiled beam with a connection in a Norwegian lock, then the cracks on it will look very ugly and even alien, so it is difficult to call such a beam a carriage. However, many companies call profiled timber of varying humidity, assembled into a Norwegian castle, a carriage, so we will stick to this so as not to cause confusion.

Compared to a log, a carriage, like all types of timber, is less resistant to rot and mold, because a layer of sapwood is cut from its ends, which is highly resistant to these damaging factors. Therefore, the carriage requires more serious protective and aseptic treatment than a peeled or unbarked log. But the main advantage of the carriage is the Norwegian lock, which has one unique quality. The more the wood dries out, the tighter the joint.

Because of this, houses made of gun carriages, such as those in the photo, are very popular, despite the fact that the Norwegian castle is very complex to make and requires great skill. A house assembled into a Norwegian castle is much stronger than any other wooden structure that has to be reinforced with dowels. Therefore, the number of dowels that go into making a house from a gun carriage is always less than what goes into a frame made of logs or sawn timber.

Cost of building a house from a gun carriage (photos of projects)

The price of building any wooden house consists of the cost:

lumber preparation;
lock cutting;
delivery and storage;
installation

Preparing lumber for a real carriage is inexpensive, since it is enough to trim the log on both sides to ensure the same thickness and remove the bark. A carriage in the shape of a beam is a little more expensive. These materials do not need to be thoroughly dried because the Norwegian lock compensates for the effects of drying. A decorative carriage in the form of a profiled beam will cost much more, because it will have to be dried to a humidity of 12–14%, otherwise cracks will ruin the appearance of the house (see photo). Therefore, the cost of preparing materials depends on what kind of carriage you are interested in.

Cutting locks, if carried out on site, is very expensive, because the Norwegian lock, in terms of complexity of execution, is superior to any other connections, including such as “in the paw” and “in dovetail" If the house kit is prepared at an enterprise, then in the conditions of a woodworking shop there is no difference in the complexity of the lock. Modern equipment can easily cut locks of any shape, complexity and size. Therefore, the cost of cutting locks directly depends on where this operation will be performed.

The cost of delivering a carriage does not differ from the price of the same operation for any other type of timber, but storage is cheaper because the carriage is not afraid of dampness, unlike profiled or laminated timber. Therefore, the cost of delivery and storage of the carriage is comparable to that of a log or sawn timber with natural humidity.

The cost of installation directly depends on where the locks will be cut. If the assembly is carried out using a ready-made house kit, then highly qualified workers are not required for this, which means the operation will cost much less. If the house is assembled from sawn timber or logs, which are processed on site, then the services of a specialist who can independently mark and cut the Norwegian lock are very expensive due to the high complexity of the work.

Lafet, timber or log?

A house made from a gun carriage does not have any serious advantages or disadvantages compared to houses made from rounded logs or sawn timber with natural moisture. In appearance, it is inferior to a house made of double, profiled or laminated timber, although some, on the contrary, like the “antique” cracks. Therefore, a house made from a gun carriage is chosen by those who are not embarrassed by its shortcomings and are satisfied with the low price when using a house kit. If you have to make the carriage or cut the locks on the spot, then the house made from the carriage loses its main advantage - its low price.

It is well known that Rus' has long been famous for the power of traditions wooden house construction, however, this is not the only state where historically preference was given wooden buildings. For example, the traditions of Norway, where they invented their own technology for constructing wooden houses from double-edged timber, are in no way inferior to Russian technologies, and in a number of parameters even surpass them. This becomes especially noticeable when combining a double-edged timber, also called a carriage, and a special “Norwegian lock” - a special smooth angled wedge-shaped connection that compacts over time and prevents the penetration of wind and water. Thus, having carefully studied this technology, experts came to the conclusion that with increasing shrinkage of the log house, the strength and reliability of the fastening increases. Initially, the carriage was considered not only a log, but also a special style manual cutting, which developed in Scandinavia in ancient times and still remains one of the most beloved in Norway, Finland and Sweden. Initially, the construction of houses from gun carriages was developed as a means of reducing the cost of a log house without compromising the thickness of the log and, as a result, the warmth of the house. The solution was so simple and, at the same time, original that it was soon borrowed by neighboring countries, and then spread throughout the world. Its essence was that a pine log was cut on both sides, and the resulting cut was used to arrange the roof and floors. Purpose this decision was the use of the entire array during operation and the abandonment of additional materials, since manufacturing truss structure And internal partitions was also carried out from a gun carriage. In this article we will look at the main advantages and technology of building houses from gun carriages - the most advantageous Norwegian alternative to traditional Russian buildings made from round logs.

Houses made from gun carriages - a technology proven over centuries

Everything new is well forgotten old, and the construction of wooden houses is no exception. Despite the fact that the history of this technology goes back hundreds of years, this trend, forgotten for several hundred years, is on the verge of its “second youth.” Industrial development contributes to the fact that many well-known technologies are used in the construction of wooden houses, including profiled timber, rounded logs, and frame construction. However, none of them can be characterized as “tested over the centuries.” As for technologies that have been proven over the centuries, one of them is construction technology one-story houses from the gun carriage.

A carriage, also called a double-edged beam, is a log processed by hand cutting so that it takes on a semi-oval shape in which two mutually parallel planes intersect. In other words, the technology for processing logs in this way involves obtaining logs that are cut on both sides so that it acquires two flat surfaces. Cedar or pine logs are used to make the carriage.

Carriage humidity levels: dry and wet carriage

Construction technology Norwegian houses involves the use of both wet and dry carriages, however, the most optimal material is the last one. Houses built from dry fire carriages are characterized by reliability, high strength and the absence of through cracks, which allows you to build an environmentally friendly house that will retain heat even on the coasts blown by cold winds, which was the usual habitat for the freedom-loving Vikings who chose houses from the gun carriage. Despite the impressive thickness and weight of the carriage, it can easily be dried in specialized drying chambers, where they acquire an optimal moisture content not exceeding 18-22%.

Wet carriage, the humidity level of which is 35-55%, can also be used for the construction of Norwegian houses from carriage, but they must undergo long-term natural drying and shrinkage, which postpones the time for putting the building into operation for some time. In most cases, these processes take place within one to two years. To surely convince you of the advisability of using a dry gun carriage, let’s consider its main advantages.

Advantages of a dry carriage:

In the process of comparing the shrinkage periods of houses built from dry and wet carriage, experts came to the conclusion that the natural shrinkage of houses built from gun carriages, characterized high humidity, takes three times longer;
If, before building a house, the material used is dried in specialized drying chambers, the number of cracks that appear during operation is significantly minimized;
Dry gun carriage wood, unlike wet material, characterized by more high quality. This is due to the fact that during the heat treatment all potentially destructive microorganisms, including mold and bacteria, die. This significantly improves the quality of the material;
To build a house from a timber carriage, it will take half as much time as when erecting a building from a wet carriage.
As for the disadvantages of a dry carriage, its only disadvantage is its high cost compared to wet material.

Houses made from gun carriages photo

Important! During the operation of a log house made from a gun carriage, the moisture level of the wood is regulated. This parameter does not depend on weather conditions and reflects the processes of self-regulation and stabilization of humidity levels.

Houses made from chopped timber are a classic version of the Scandinavian wood construction. The carriage is a special material representing a log, which is characterized by the presence of hewn side surfaces, the so-called cheeks. Despite the fact that houses made from gun carriages retain all the advantages of the classic log house made of a round log, it will be almost flat on the outside and inside. This ensures a tighter fit of the logs to each other and increases the thermal insulation characteristics of the building.

Chamber drying of carriages: pros and cons

Forced drying is one of the main components of the woodworking industry. It is equally often used for both boards and timber, however, drying round wood is a much more complex process (in most cases this applies to wood with a diameter of 28-30 cm). The most common type of chamber dryers are convection-type designs, a significant disadvantage of which is considered to be deformation of the logs and the appearance of cracks. Despite the fact that they are constantly being developed innovative technologies forest drying, such as microwave drying, vacuum pulse drying and others, it is still one of the most difficult tasks.

However, if we talk about half-beams - a carriage used in the construction of houses using Norwegian technology, in this case the situation is different. Due to its smaller diameter, it is easy to dry. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to dry it to furniture humidity not exceeding 8%, since this is quite expensive and impractical. It will be enough to dry the carriage to 18-22%. Once the specified moisture level is reached, most of the bound and virtually all of the free moisture is removed from the wood. Despite the fact that drying a carriage is a completely accessible process, it is much more labor-intensive than drying a board. This is due to the characteristics of the material, which do not allow the use of a hard drying mode, as this will lead to cracking of the wood. If you use a mode that is too soft, a different picture will be observed - upon exiting the drying chamber, the moisture content of the wood will remain at high level. A feature of drying that will lead to optimal moisture content of the carriage is the short stay of the material in drying chamber, which leads to drying of the surface layers of wood, while the core remains wet. The use of wood with natural moisture is an essential condition for the technology of building houses from gun carriages, since the material dries directly in the log house.

Important! The ideal building material for constructing houses using Norwegian technology is northern forest, which provides maximum thermal insulation characteristics of the building. In Russia, such material is considered to be Karelian and Arkhangelsk wood, as well as wood from other northern regions characterized by cold, long winters. Wood from Finland is no less in demand.

Projects of Norwegian houses from gun carriages

Design features of houses made from gun carriages

A distinctive feature of the Norwegian log house is a specific method of fastening the logs, which is called the “Norwegian castle”. The relatively small spread of this technique is due to the fact that the technological features of this method are difficult to describe in words, as well as to learn it from books. In order for this connection to meet all the requirements for it, it is necessary to carry out a long and careful adjustment of the structural elements. What is the reason for this complication of cutting? According to experts, it pursues five main goals, the essence of which will be outlined below.

Due to the fact that this method implies more cut corners, this indicates its high reliability;

Between two adjacent structural elements, the contact area increases, and accordingly the friction force increases;
This technique involves a bevel angle, which determines the effect of gravitational force on structural elements. This helps distribute the load inside the ligament, making it stronger and denser. In this regard, it is possible to draw conclusions about the direction of the load to strengthen the connection between the crowns;
Due to the fact that this technology eliminates foreign fastening elements, there are no points of excess stress, which contributes to an even distribution of the load through the tree, which is characterized by relative softness;
This method of fastening is characterized by the presence of a multi-plane interface and stepped differences that help block or at least significantly reduce drafts.

After analyzing these data, we can come to the conclusion that such a multidisciplinary approach to building houses using the “Norwegian castle” method can be fully explained by the operational characteristics of the building, which can be erected by skillfully combining reason and technology.

Advantages of wooden houses made of carriages

The high thermal insulation characteristics of the carriage determine its competitive relationship with laminated veneer lumber. At the same time, despite the use of even imported material, it costs almost twice as much. In addition, the environmental characteristics of a structure built from laminated veneer lumber are in many ways inferior to those of Norwegian houses made from gun carriages. Let's consider the main advantages of one-story houses made of gun carriages, thanks to which they became popular in Russia.

Thermal insulation characteristics- one of the main advantages Norwegian log cabins, the assembly technology of which involves reducing heat loss. This is due to the characteristics of the material (the use of round logs with a diameter of 28 to 60 cm), which helps to reduce the number of crowns per unit height of the structure, the number of which does not exceed 8-12 for one floor. Moreover, unlike the traditional Russian log house, which is characterized by a decrease in wall thickness at the joints of the logs, the Norwegian log house is characterized by a uniform wall thickness of at least 20 cm.

Important! If we talk about the thermal insulation characteristics of a house with brick walls, its thermal conductivity cannot compete with this indicator for wood. For example, the thermal conductivity of perforated brick is 0.63 W/mK, while the thermal conductivity of wood does not exceed 0.15 W/mK. Thus, if we compare brick house with a wall thickness of 1 meter, and Norwegian log house, the wall thickness of which is 20-25 cm, they will be characterized by the same thermal conductivity;

Availability of additional living space, which appears due to the hewn part of the logs acquiring a flat surface. Moreover, the increase in the internal volume of the structure is facilitated by the small diameter of the carriage - no more than 20 cm. This distinguishes houses from carriages, the projects of which are presented in this article, from bulky log walls that steal a significant amount of living space. At the same time, in terms of thermal protection, a 20-centimeter carriage is not inferior to 30-centimeter log walls made of round logs;
Features of assembling houses from gun carriages require careful selection of building materials, which undergoes multi-stage processing, combining the use of the most modern equipment and manual labor. If the side surfaces of logs are trimmed at a sawmill, then it is only planed manually. This guarantees maximum even and smooth wall surfaces, which significantly simplifies and minimizes interior decoration;
The complex system of connecting the crowns ensures the absolute immunity of houses made from carriages from deformation. The features of the “Norwegian lock” ensure reliable fixation of the logs in the nests, as a result of which they do not change their position. In addition, due to the unique design of the “Norwegian castle”, the shrinkage of the structure and the shrinkage of the wood contributes to even greater self-jamming of the frame crowns under the weight of its own weight. This system guarantees an absolute absence of cracks and 100% thermal protection;

Long service life buildings provided by the design features of the building. The roof and walls of a house made of gun carriages are a single whole, that is, the wall is a continuation of the roof, which is so dense that it allows the walls of the building to be securely fastened together;
High aesthetic characteristics. Carriage is recognized as an ideal material for those who are true connoisseurs of beauty and environmental friendliness natural wood. Buildings made from gun carriages are characterized by an ideal appearance and are rightfully considered the pride of their owner. Due to the fact that Norwegian houses look solid and reliable, they are enjoying growing popularity among consumers everywhere. At the same time, the owner of a house made from a gun carriage does not have to worry that the structure will lose its thermal insulation characteristics;
Savings on construction and finishing materials - another advantage of houses made of gun carriages. Unlike a log house, in order to build a reliable house from a carriage, you will need fewer elements. Moreover, the carriage design makes it possible to avoid additional insulation and sound insulation, since they are obviously at a high level. No need for external and interior decoration walls with clapboard or block house, which also helps reduce construction costs.

Important! One of the interesting varieties of buildings made from carriages are houses made from semi-carriages - logs that are hemmed together on only one side ( inner side buildings). The use of such material will not only facilitate the process of finishing the house, but will also allow you to create original interior dwellings. The appearance of the building from the outside will resemble a traditional one log house, whereas hewn inner surface logs will contribute to the expansion of useful living space, which makes such a structure twice as profitable.

How to build a house from a gun carriage: assembly features

Having familiarized yourself with the projects of Norwegian fire carriage houses and assessed the size of the construction budget, you can safely begin the process of building a house. In the process of constructing such buildings, northern pine is used - an accessible and relatively inexpensive building material. If the trunk diameter is 28-36 cm, then after processing the diameter of the finished material will be 21-22 cm.

Important! Regarding pre-treatment, then it includes the following steps:

Manufacturing a carriage using specialized equipment;

Sharpening a log and then applying markings on it, which should only be done experienced craftsman, since the quality of connecting logs and subsequent performance characteristics buildings.

Subsequent stages of work:

Having marked the log with a line, which is performed by a carpenter using special tools, it is necessary to cut out the lock - Norwegian bowl. This stage of work is quite complex and delicate and must be carried out with certain experience;
Using a line, mark a longitudinal groove, which is selected using an adze - an ax characterized by a special shape;
Next, grind the joints, which is necessary in order to ensure maximum density and smoothness of the joints;
The final stage of preparing the building material is treating it with an antiseptic. For this purpose, specialized compounds are used that have antiseptic characteristics and prevent rotting of the wood and the appearance of mold stains on it.
Having prepared the material, they begin to construct the building. The basis of the structure is a strip-type foundation, which is a monolithic concrete base. Before you begin assembling the house, they lay it on the foundation. waterproofing layer, preventing damage to the lower crowns.
After this, the building is assembled, which takes quite a long time, since it requires the most durable fit of parts, guaranteeing an accurate connection of the elements of the house. In door and window openings select a groove, the width of which is 50 mm, which must be inserted into the guide beam, which is the basis for fastening the window frames and door block. This helps to preserve the doors and windows during the shrinkage of the log house - after that they will “fall” into place, dry completely and be tightly pressed to the logs, which guarantees the absence of cracks.

In order to install the ceiling, use wooden beams, characterized by a section size of 150x200 mm. To give the interior of the house an original appearance, in most cases the ceiling is left open.

As for finishing a Norwegian house from a gun carriage, it can be done using various stylistic solutions. In most cases, craftsmen recommend giving preference to the classic option, which involves treating the walls with translucent protective compounds that preserve them natural beauty. The use of different colors is also encouraged, since processing with different paint and varnish materials will not only increase the level of protection of the building, but also make it as attractive as possible.

In conclusion, we note that houses made from gun carriages are one of the most reliable construction options that will become best choice in regions with cold climates. The unique technology of connecting logs allows the construction of reliable structures whose service life exceeds tens and hundreds of years. The growing popularity of such houses in Norway and the northern regions of Russia once again proves this.