Medicinal flowers of a tree in the Krasnodar region. Research work “Medicinal plants of Kuban

Svetlana Lysenko, deputy director of Fitofarm LLC for quality, spends all day on her feet. He examines his work under a magnifying glass and tastes it. She is a pharmacist for a company that produces herbal medicines. By smell, a woman can recognize any of the 114 herbs that are used here, and by taste, she can even conduct a preliminary chemical analysis.

“Even if there are herbs that are similar in appearance, the smell is completely different for everyone. Because somewhere essential oil, flavonoids are contained somewhere. You can identify them by their smell. Well, if you’re completely undecided, brew it and decide based on taste,” explains Svetlana Lysenko.

Medicinal herbs are sold in pharmacies, they are used as raw materials by large pharmaceutical companies, and they are used for treatment in sanatoriums. In Yeisk, for example, they make tea, inhalations and aromatherapy using herbs.

“This is a wonderful method of treatment, but it is a method of treatment, like pills, like any medicine, like procedures that must be dosed, which must be prescribed by a doctor and, in general, monitored,” emphasizes the deputy general director of the Yeisk sanatorium for medical parts Tatyana Romashko.

Raw materials ready for packaging come to Anapa from the village of Gostagaevskaya, where the primary processing workshop is located. Dried herbs are crushed using special equipment and packed into bags for sending to the conveyor. Over the course of a year, more than 1.5 thousand tons of whole products passed through the enterprise, which operates around the clock.

“It’s impossible to describe the smell here in words. It is so strong that you can literally feel it in your mouth. The aroma of Kuban lemon balm and mint mixes with Chinese cucumber and calendula. It seems that you find yourself in a huge pack of tea, collected from a mixture of dozens of herbs,” reports Kuban 24’s own correspondent Alexander Tyukaev.

The enterprise uses 114 herbs, of which 80 species are collected in the Kuban. Half grows in the wild, the other can be grown on an industrial scale. However, so far farmers are in no hurry to exchange their usual corn and wheat for lemon balm and mint en masse.

“We buy chamomile in Egypt. The oil content in the chamomile they supply us is the main indicator, it is at the limit. Our chamomile, which is grown here, is three times higher than the indicators,” notes general manager Fitofarm LLC Andrey Zavgorodniy.

And chamomile also gives high yield and is in great demand. This is what attracted Anapa farmer Evgeny Gromyka to the medicinal business. Without even changing his suit to work clothes, he gives a tour of his property. The chamomile sprouted less than a week ago. Now, according to the farmer, its shoots look like butterfly wings. Evgeniy sows medicinal herbs for the first time.

“Chamomile is approximately harvested in May. That is, I still have the opportunity to sow corn or seeds here. Since I have my own cattle farm, this is very important for me - this is feed procurement,” says the farmer.

There is even a special harvester for collecting chamomile. However, the farmer is just preparing to purchase equipment - the harvest is still far away. But he hopes that already in next year It is his chamomile that will help improve the health of thousands of Russians.

Herbal treatment is the most ancient way to combat all kinds of diseases. Over the thousands of years of its existence, humans have discovered and studied the healing properties of hundreds of medicinal plants that can help with this or that disease. For long history, many were created effective recipes, many of which have reached and are used in folk medicine and in our days.

This section of the site presents many types of medicinal herbs, including field species, with high-quality photographs, the name of each plant and detailed description their useful properties and methods of application.

Despite the enormous pace of development of traditional medicine and all the new products that the pharmaceutical industry offers, the use of medicinal plants to treat all kinds of diseases still remains relevant and does not lose its popularity. They can be used both for the prevention and treatment of various chronic and acute diseases in any field of medicine.

Medicinal herbs used in folk medicine can be fresh or dried, used both externally and internally. Medicinal herbs are much safer for human health than pharmaceutical drugs. They have fewer contraindications and side effects on the body.

For treatment use:

• tinctures;
• decoctions;
• extracts;
• infusions;
• tea fees.

Despite its apparent simplicity and harmlessness, alternative treatment requires knowledge and caution. After all, for a positive result, medicinal raw materials must be collected correctly. And the tinctures, decoctions or extracts made from them are prepared only according to exact recipes. We should not forget about dosages. This is especially true for those medications that need to be taken orally.

It is advisable, before preparing herbal medicine, to study our website, which contains medicinal herbs photos with names, learn about the indications and contraindications of a particular medicinal plant, methods of their preparation. You must not forget to carefully examine the raw materials for the medicine itself. It should be free of mold, dirt and other defects.

Sections: Primary school

Lesson objectives:

• introduce medicinal plants Krasnodar region;
• talk about medicinal properties ah plants;
• teach children to take care of the riches of our region;
• to form an idea of ​​the diversity of plants;
• cultivate a culture of behavior in nature;
• to intensify the cognitive activity of students;
• cultivate a caring attitude towards nature.

Equipment:

• illustrations depicting medicinal plants;
• cards with plant names;
• exhibits from the school museum (towels with embroidery);
• herbarium;
• crossword handout;
• multimedia presentation.

Teacher: (Slides 1-10 Appendix 2)

Under the huge blue roof
The red sun lives
And at night among the starry clouds
The star dance is dancing.

And the forest lives under the blue sky,
And rain, and thunderstorms, and flowers,
And apple trees in the green garden,
Your family lives and you.

This big, huge house
Look how many birds, flowers and people there are,
And our house is called
We know everything

(Children in chorus) - nature.

Teacher: Plants surround us. Why do people need them?

(Nutrition , clothing, construction, household items, etc.) Plants decorate our lives. People often depict plants in their works of art and decorate their clothes with them.

Our school museum has many exhibits of folk Kuban embroidery, decorated with floral patterns or flowers. Here are some embroidery samples.

Today in class we will talk about a small piece of nature. You have to guess for yourself which group of plants we are talking about.

Teacher. There are blank sheets of paper on your desks. You must write down the names of the plants we will talk about.

– What do you know about this plant?

Valerian officinalis (Slide 11 Appendix 2). Rhizomes with roots emerging from them are valuable medicinal raw materials. Valerian and its preparations are used as a sedative for agitation and insomnia.

Cornflower (Slide 12 Appendix 2). In medicine, the marginal flowers of cornflower are used as a mild diuretic. In folk medicine – for jaundice and eye diseases.

Violet (Slide 13 Appendix 2). Used for colds, gastrointestinal diseases, for healing wounds, ulcers, boils.

Hops Slide 14 Appendix 2). Used to improve digestion, for neuroses and insomnia, as a sedative. Used to treat diseases of the kidneys, liver and biliary tract.

Chamomile (Slide 15 Appendix 2). In folk medicine, chamomile infusion is often used as an analgesic and sedative. For migraines, they prefer to prescribe powder from crushed chamomile inflorescences instead of infusion.

If you happen to catch a cold,
A cough will appear, a fever will rise,
Pull the steaming mug closer to you
Slightly bitter, fragrant decoction.

Teacher. Some plants familiar to us all (fruits, berries) are also medicinal.

Walnut (Slide 16 Appendix 2). The fruits are used for atherosclerosis, cerebral sclerosis and hypertension. The pericarp and leaves in the form of an infusion are taken orally as an astringent and anthelmintic, as well as for some skin diseases.

Watermelon (Slide 17 Appendix 2). In folk medicine, watermelon pulp or juice is often given to quench thirst during feverish conditions; watermelon “milk” is specially prepared for the same purpose: crushed watermelon seeds are ground in cold water. Used in diet therapy for anemia, as a strong diuretic.

– Where did you meet this plant?

Pelargonium (geranium) (Slide 18 Appendix 2). Pelargonium tincture helps with heart pain, gastritis, and bronchitis. A decoction of this plant helps as a rinse for stomatitis and sore throat. Geranium leaf helps with ear colds. Pelargonium helps well with stress, neurosis and insomnia.

Teacher. Houseplants They can also have medicinal properties and are used in folk medicine.

Chlorophytum (Slide 19 Appendix 2). The main feature of the plant is to purify the air from harmful microorganisms.

Kalanchoe pinnate (Slide 20 Appendix 2). Used for cough, sore throat, furunculosis. For rheumatism and deep cuts, it can relieve toothache and improve appetite.

Saintpaulia (violet) (Slide 21 Appendix 2). It has an anti-inflammatory effect and is used to treat bronchitis and whooping cough.

Tradescantia (Slide 22 Appendix 2). Heals wounds, cuts, scratches. Quickly stops bleeding, reduces swelling and bruise size.

Aloe (Slide 23 Appendix 2). Used for myopia and inflammation of the eyelids. Used to treat bronchial ulcers, stomach diseases, pharyngitis. As a general tonic.

Golden mustache (calissia) (Slide 24 Appendix 2). Used to treat stomach ulcers and bronchial asthma. Used for diabetes and heart diseases.

– What is the topic of our lesson on Cuban studies?

If I name a herbaceous plant, you need to sit down, a bush, you need to spread your arms to the sides, a tree, you need to raise your arms up. And if it’s not a plant, clap your hands.

1) Game “Match the names of plants with their images.”

(On the board are the names of plants and pictures. You need to make pairs.)

Children talk about plants.

Birch
Blackberry
Clover
Knapweed
Chamomile
Currant
Chicory
Hop

2) Work in pairs.

Crossword.

1. Raspberry
2. Strawberries
3. Nettle
4. Lily of the valley
5. Plantain
6. Yarrow
7. Dandelion
8. Chamomile

The teacher shows a plant from the herbarium, the children write the name in a crossword puzzle on a card.

– What is a herbarium for?

Teacher: Where is a herbarium used? (At school, in a museum.)

Local history museums always have an exhibition dedicated to the plants of a given area.

– What word did you get in the crossword puzzle?

Children. Medicine.

– What plants did we talk about in class?

– Name them.

– How should plants be collected for treatment?

If you see a young sprout, don’t touch or tear it.
Walk by and smile. Years will pass -
Healing herbs will grow in this place.
Protect the green forest, do not offend anyone!
Don't destroy the trees, save the flowers in the forest!
Have you come to nature for help?
Be kind and take care of it, don’t break the branches, don’t touch it.
Remember: it takes many years for a bush to grow and help you.
You, my friend, don’t let us down!
Promise to be truthful and kind!
Don't hurt the bird or the cricket!
Love flowers, forests, open spaces of fields -
Everything that is called your homeland!

Materials used:

1. Materials from the site http://1september.ru
2. Medicinal plants: The most complete encyclopedia/Lebedeva A.F., Dzhurenko N.I., Isaykina A.P., Sobko V.G.
3. Rare and endangered plants of Kuban/S. A. Litvinskaya, A. P. Tilba, R. G. Filimonova

Creation date: 2013/12/28

Man developed in close interaction with nature and, most of all, with the plant environment: the forest and field became the first pharmacy for humans. Medicinal plants are most often prescribed in the form of herbs, in which one plant enhances the effect of another. Many patients, especially in rural areas, where the centuries-old experience of traditional medicine is still preserved, they are more willing to resort to treatment with infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs. Medicinal herbs not only stop, but also reverse inflammation at any stage, up to the stage of necrosis. At the same time, herbal treatment in folk medicine does not harm the body, but only provides recovery from severe extensive burns, wounds, injuries, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Made from medicinal herbs herbal medicines have their own characteristic features: gradual, slow development of the therapeutic effect, mild, moderate effect.

Variety of vegetation of Kuban

“Diversity of the plant world,” wrote doctor A.P. Levitsky in essays on the history of medicine - has always irresistibly attracted a person to himself, and the more strongly the closer he stood to nature. People noticed distinctive properties plants and used them in their household.

Nowhere else in the country is there such a variety of vegetation as in Kuban. In total, there are 160 species of medicinal plants in Kuban. But people tear them up so mercilessly, sometimes even with the roots, that some of them begin to disappear and tearing these plants is prohibited. Linden, oak, chestnut, blueberry and other plants grow in the forests. They are called relict, i.e. preserved from ancient times. The northern part is the Azov-Kuban Lowland. Here there is continuous steppe, turned into fields.

On the slopes of ravines and ravines, along the roadsides, you can find different herbs: creeping wheatgrass, wormwood, quinoa, coltsfoot and others.

Scope of application of medicinal plants

IN modern medicine medicinal plants not only have not lost their positions, but are attracting increasingly close attention from scientists. There are more than 3,000 drugs used in domestic medicine, 40% are produced from medicinal plants. Their number increases every year. Medicinal plants are often preferred due to their low toxicity and the possibility of long-term use without side effects.

Drying, assembly, preparation of medicinal plants

Proper harvesting of plants is one of the main factors in obtaining high-quality raw materials. Medicinal raw materials It is necessary to harvest only in good, dry weather, during the daytime, when the plants are dry from rain and dew, since, covered with moisture, they slowly dry out, and at the same time their natural color changes. During the daytime, the bulk of plants are harvested, the active substances of which are contained in the above-ground organs. Roots and rhizomes (underground organs) can be harvested at any time and in any weather, since in most cases they are washed before drying. When procuring medicinal plants, you should be guided by the dates given in the calendar for collecting medicinal plants. You should focus on the growing phase of the plant. Collect only those organs and parts of the plant in which it accumulates. maximum quantity biologically active substances.

When procuring medicinal plants, it is important to select correctly required types, timely determine the phase of their growing season, since the amount active ingredients varies greatly depending on the growth and development of the plant. Both late and premature collection can produce raw materials that have no medicinal value.

The collection of medicinal material is best carried out during the period of maximum content of active substances in plants. As a rule, their highest content in flowers and leaves occurs during the flowering period, in the buds during the period of their swelling, in the underground parts (roots, rhizomes, tubers) during the period of fruit ripening; the bark is most complete in the spring.

The collected plants are carefully sorted, removing foreign impurities, as well as non-medicinal plants; Dead, rotten parts are separated from the roots and stems. The collection container must be completely clean, dry and odorless. You cannot collect several types of plants in one container at the same time. Harvested plants are placed, perhaps more loosely, to prevent them from warming up and losing their medicinal properties. Then the plants should be laid out and allowed to dry, spread out in a thin layer to dry. It is not recommended to leave plants in containers or piles overnight.

Human neighbors - medicinal plants

St. John's wort

People have come up with many affectionate names for herbs, which since ancient times have helped get rid of various ailments. This includes grass, spurge, and many others. Among the many plants, St. John's wort was especially loved. It was called a magic herb - a savior from a hundred diseases. During excavations of ancient Slavic settlements, archaeologists found seeds of 20 herbs, among which was St. John's wort. It is believed that St. John's wort helps against diseases caused by evil spirits and witches.

This plant brings only one benefit to people, because St. John's wort is completely harmless to humans. Therefore, in Rus' it was, as they say, for all occasions: for example, they stuffed children’s mattresses with it, tied grass to straw - so that the aroma would protect the child from scary dreams and he dreamed only of good things.

St. John's wort was considered a source of light that expels any evil, relieves melancholy and sadness. It was a favorite plant of many prominent people because it not only treated the body, but also affected the soul. Today, scientists have proven the antidepressant properties of St. John's wort associated with its photosensitizing effect, and in ancient times people rightfully considered the herb magical.

Common coltsfoot

Common names: fire lettuce, man's flower, March flower, sand flower, tobacco grass, uncle's leaves. This perennial makes me happy early spring with its bright yellow inflorescences with a smell reminiscent of honey. Long before the leaves appear, the creeping rhizome throws out erect peduncles with reddish scales and bright yellow inflorescences that were established in the fall. Only much later do petiolate leaves develop, rounded, heart-shaped, the size of a palm, slightly pitted at the edges, with rough teeth. The leaves are dark green on top. Blooms from February to March (April). It is most often found in wastelands, near brick factories, on gravelly places, along slopes and railway embankments, along the edges of fields and roadsides.

The inflorescences are collected in good weather, when the flowers are fully bloomed. They need to be dried quickly to maintain their presentation. However, much more than the inflorescences, the leaves are used for medicinal purposes. They are collected in May-June, preferably young, half the size of a palm and only clean, not stained with earth; Due to the presence of mucus, washing is impractical. Studies have shown that the leaves of those coltsfoot plants that grow in the sun are richer in components and better than leaves growing in the shade. This is worth paying attention to when collecting. Chop fresh leaves immediately after harvesting to speed up drying. Only quickly dried leaves are stored well.

Coltsfoot is a valuable cough remedy, especially for whooping cough, as well as mucous sputum. Drinking tea from it can help relieve coughing.

Coltsfoot tea: 2 heaped teaspoons of chopped leaves are poured into 1/4 liter of boiling water, allowed to brew and then filtered. Patients suffering from cough should drink 1 cup of tea 3 times a day.

Along with its use against lung diseases, coltsfoot tea brings relief from irritations of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines (but then it should be drunk unsweetened), and also as a rinse for irritations in the mouth. In addition, coltsfoot tea is also used to treat wounds and skin inflammations, for skin rashes and to cleanse the blood.

Burdock

Common names: burdock, burdock.

Parts used: root.

This biennial plant reaches a height of 1-1.5 m and has a fleshy root up to 60 cm in length, from which small branches extend. A powerful longitudinally grooved stem with a large core branches abundantly; often acquires a red color in certain places. Petiolate, heart-shaped, ovate leaves sit on woolly-pubescent stems, green above and gray, tomentose-pubescent below; leaf size decreases noticeably from bottom to top. The bluish-red rather large inflorescences are arranged in the form of a loose umbrella-shaped brush. The yellowish leaves of the involucre are hook-shaped at the end. Blooms in June-July. Burdock can often be found along roadsides, near fences, walls and embankments, in vacant lots and pastures, as well as along the banks of streams.

The roots are dug up in the fall, cut into pieces and air dried.

Here, first of all, it should be said about treating scalp hair against dandruff with burdock oil. This is an oil extract from burdock root, for which olive or camphor oil is used (preparation methods vary greatly). As a diuretic, burdock root has largely fallen out of use and is less common in so-called blood purifying teas, but it is increasingly used for disorders of the liver and gallbladder.

Burdock root is mainly recommended as a blood purifier, but also for disorders of the liver and gallbladder. This is followed by internal and external use for various skin diseases. Burdock root tea: 2 teaspoons with the top of chopped root pour 1/2 liter cold water, after 5 hours, quickly heat to a boil, boil for 1 minute and filter. Dosage: 3 times a day, 1 cup of tea. Burdock root tea can also be used to treat skin rashes - moisten, wash or wrap. It is worth noting that traditional medicine also uses burdock oil.

Nettle

Parts used: grass, seeds and rhizome.

Therefore, there is also no one who does not know what she looks like. Medicinal use Two types of nettle are found - stinging and stinging nettle. Stinging nettle is smaller and more delicate, although more aggressive, and stinging nettle is more often used in medicine. Nettle blooms from May to July (the flowers are small, green, located in drooping spikes; the plants are dioecious). Both types are quite common. They grow mainly near human habitation: in gardens, vegetable gardens, along the edges of ditches, in garbage dumps and wastelands. In May, June and July (August), wild nettle leaves are collected, which are carefully (with gloves) torn from the stem and then air-dried. The whole herb is used to prepare nettle juice. The rhizome is dug up in spring or autumn, freed from the soil adhering to it and dried in air or with artificial heating (up to 40 ° C).

Perhaps because nettle is such a common weed, it has been used for a very long time, long before the advent of scientific medicine. Currently, nettle leaves are used to increase overall metabolism. They are common integral part tea collection prescribed for rheumatism, gout, gallbladder and liver diseases; are included in the tea collections of spring and autumn health courses.

Chamomile

Common name: maiden flower.

Parts used: inflorescences.

An annual plant with a short root and a stem 20-50 cm in height, on which are twice or thrice pinnately dissected leaves. Blooms from May to June. Chamomile is an unpretentious plant. It is found in fields, cultivated and fallow, in wastelands, along roadsides, slopes, forest edges and, of course, in grain crops. For the peasant it is medicinal plant- a vile weed. From chamomile, first of all, the inflorescences are collected, but for baths they also take peduncles and some of the shoots with leaves. Since the quality of chamomile largely depends on the time of collection and type of drying, you need to be very careful. Best time for collection - 3rd - 5th day after flowers bloom. By this time, most of the active substances are produced in it.

Chamomile is used internally and as an external remedy. Chamomile can be successfully used internally (in the form of tea) for acute gastric diseases. It brings quick relief and “calms” the stomach, and after a short treatment eliminates indigestion. As an external remedy, chamomile, due to its anti-inflammatory properties, is used in the treatment of poorly healing wounds. Baths with chamomile additives or wet compresses on wounds are as proven remedies as rinses for inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat.

Chamomile tea: pour 1-2 teaspoons with the top of the inflorescences into 1 cup of boiling water, strain after 10 minutes. Chamomile tea It's good to drink warm, but not hot.

It goes without saying that a plant with so many beneficial properties is also diligently used in folk medicine. And indeed, chamomile is “trusted by everyone.”

Plantain

Plantain is an ancient medicinal plant. It was known to the ancient Greeks and Romans, and was highly valued by Arab and Persian doctors. Latin name plantain is derived from “planta” (sole) and “agere” (to move), since its leaves resemble a footprint. The homeland of plantain is Europe. The Indians called it “the white man's footprint.” Together with the mud, the seeds stick to the shoes of passers-by and travel with them. Russian name plants indicate where they grow.

Plantain is a perennial herbaceous plant 10-40 cm high with one or more flower shoots. One copy of plantain in the fall produces from 8 to 60 thousand seeds. Therefore, the plantain very quickly spreads along all roads - wherever a person steps. It blooms from May to September. It grows in vacant lots and weedy places, near housing, near roads, in green meadows, fields, vegetable gardens, orchards, along forest edges and the banks of reservoirs.

Plantain is used as a medicinal plant. We use it on the road. Fresh plantain leaves are applied to abrasions, burns, and insect bites. Dry crushed leaves are used in the form of an infusion as an anti-inflammatory and expectorant for bronchitis, whooping cough, asthma and other respiratory diseases. In scientific medicine, plantain grass and leaves are used for stomach diseases. Young and tender plantain leaves are used in nutrition. You can use them to make salads, soups and cabbage soup, casseroles, meatballs, juices and cocktails. True, the flavors of plantain are not very diverse, but this can be corrected. Add cereal, nettle, onion, horseradish, pepper, mustard, salt and sauce.

Where and how to prepare plantain? This question may seem idle at first. After all, plantain is so widespread that it is difficult to find a place where it is not found. But you still don’t need to collect the plant everywhere. This should not be done on city streets and country roads where there is a lot of dirt. And in the fields, meadows and near rivers - please.

Each part of a medicinal plant is medicinal, but in its own way. Medicinal plants play a very important role in human life.

As is known, man developed in close contact with nature. And most of all - with the plant environment. The forest and bushes became the first pharmacy for people.

Historical features

They began to use plants to treat various ailments primitive people, who noticed that sick animals recovered when they ate certain herbs. Even in Ancient Egypt, India and China, there were written treatises that talked about the types and methods of using herbs in treatment. Tibetan medicine, which arose on the basis of ancient Indian medicine, appeared more than 3 thousand years BC. The same can be said about Russian folk medicine, which has accumulated centuries of experience and is now actively used by people.

As can be seen in the photo, medicinal plants of the Krasnodar Territory are most often used in the form of herbs, where, as a rule, one plant enhances the effect of another. There are many patients, especially from rural areas, who have preserved the recipes of traditional medicine and are happy to resort to treating ailments with infusions of miraculous herbs. The properties of medicinal plants in the Krasnodar region are simply amazing. Herbs can not only stop, but also prevent the development of inflammation at any stage.

In addition, herbal treatment does absolutely no harm to the human body and promotes recovery from severe injuries, burns, wounds, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Herbal medicines made from herbs have characteristic features: a gradual therapeutic effect, a soft and measured effect.

Medicinal plants of the Krasnodar region: photos and descriptions

Nowhere else in our country is there such a diversity of flora as in Kuban. In total, 160 species of medicinal plants of the Krasnodar Territory have been recorded in these places. Descriptions of some will be presented in this article.

It is not human nature to treat nature with care, so very often people mercilessly tear up plants, sometimes even with roots. As a result, some species begin to disappear altogether, and therefore are under protection. The forests of this area are rich in trees such as linden, oak, and chestnut. They are also called relict, that is, they are those that have been preserved since ancient times. In the northern part is the Azov-Kuban Lowland. It's all steppes and fields. On the slopes of gullies and along roadsides you can find different types herbs: creeping wheatgrass, wormwood, quinoa, coltsfoot.

Application of herbs

As shown in the photo, medicinal plants of the Krasnodar region are widely used in folk medicine. Moreover, they continue to attract the attention of scientists around the world. The number of herbal preparations increases every year. Very often they are preferred due to their non-toxicity and the possibility of long-term use without any side effects.

Drying, assembly and preparation

Correct procurement of medicinal plants, Krasnodar region or any other, is the main factor in obtaining the necessary raw materials. It is better to start harvesting in warm, sunny, dry weather, when the plants have already dried out from rain and dew. If they are covered with moisture, then they take longer to dry and change. natural color. During the day, it is customary to harvest the bulk of the plants, in which useful substances are found in terrestrial organs. As for roots and rhizomes, harvesting them is allowed at any time, since they are usually washed in water before drying.

You need to collect only those organs and parts of the plant where the most biologically active substances accumulate. Usually their greatest content is in flowers and leaves during the flowering period, in the buds when they swell, in the roots and rhizomes during the ripening of fruits. As for the bark, it is most useful and complete in the spring. Those plants that have been collected are carefully sorted, excess impurities are removed, and dead particles are cut off from the roots and stems. The collection container must be clean, dry and free of foreign odors. The harvested plants are placed loosely so that they do not lose their medicinal properties.

Characteristic

The Krasnodar Territory is quite impressive and is unlikely to fit into one article. We will look at some of them with you. The species diversity of plants in any territory depends, of course, on many factors. But the main role in this is played by climate, weather and characteristics of the soil and air. Scientists have divided the entire territory of Russia into several climatic zones, but, despite this, many experts talk about the diversity of flora and fauna directly within this or that region. We will look at the medicinal plants of the Krasnodar region, which are characteristic of this territory, and describe the most common and well-known plants.

It is generally accepted that Kuban has a fertile territory for a wide variety of flora, including healing ones. Thus, in the Krasnodar Territory of medicinal plants (we provide the names of some below) there are about 160 species.

Red Book

In 2007, it was created to include endangered species of animals and plants. The initiators of the decision were the residents of this area, who realized that the amazing beauty of Kuban needed not only to be preserved, but also to be enhanced. It was thanks to these caring people that everything was preserved in its original form. Let's look at some medicinal plants of the Krasnodar region listed in the Red Book:

• Adonis spring (adonis).
• Colchicum is magnificent.
• Sandy immortelle.
• Dioscorea Caucasica.
• Marsh cinquefoil.

5 medicinal plants of the Krasnodar region

Plants that are near you often have medicinal properties. It’s just that not everyone knows about their miraculous power. But you just have to look around and you will see dandelion, plantain, nettle, burdock, which have unique healing properties. If you go out into the garden or garden, you can see yarrow, motherwort, knotweed and many others. We present to your attention a short list of medicinal plants of the Krasnodar region.

Chamomile (another name is maiden flower)

This annual plant with a short root and a stem 20-50 cm high, with feathery leaves on it. Flowering begins in May and ends in June. Chamomile is very unpretentious; it grows in fields, wastelands, near roads, on forest edges and in grain crops. For a simple peasant, the flower is a weed that is regularly gotten rid of. For medicinal properties, chamomile inflorescences are collected, which are best selected on the 3-4th day after the flowers bloom. At this point, a sufficient amount of active substances has already been produced.

Chamomile is consumed in the form of tea, decoction and as an external remedy. In the form of tea it is used for stomach infections. Chamomile also has an anti-inflammatory effect, so it is applicable for skin damage (in the form of compresses or baths).

Coltsfoot (other names: male flower, tobacco grass)

This perennial plant blooms in early spring with yellow inflorescences with the smell of honey. Before the leaves appear, the rhizome produces flower stalks with red scales and yellow inflorescences. This plant blooms from February to March, possibly April. Grows in wastelands, field edges or roadsides. Flowers should be picked in good weather, when they have already bloomed. In order for them to retain their presentation, they need to be dried quickly. But the leaves are used more for medicinal purposes. It is better to collect them in March - June, and preferably clean, it is recommended not to wash them.

Those leaves that grow in the sun contain more beneficial components than those that grow in the shade. Coltsfoot is an excellent cough remedy, especially for whooping cough. Tea made from this flower makes coughing easier. It is also used for lung diseases and irritation of the stomach and intestines. In addition, coltsfoot tea is used to treat open wounds, skin inflammations, rashes and to cleanse the blood.

Valerian

A perennial medicinal plant, it blooms with small white and pink flowers, which are collected in panicles. The roots are yellowish-brown in color. Valerian blooms in early summer and ends in September. In medicine it is customary to use the root of the flower. This plant is collected in spring or autumn. The root is carefully dug up, then washed and dried in a ventilated area. Preparations made from valerian have a sedative and antispasmodic effect.

Valerian infusions are taken for migraines, hysterics, insomnia, and pain in the stomach and intestines. It also has a carminative effect and improves digestion. This medicinal plant helps with strong feelings, pain in the heart, has a positive effect on the heart muscles and calms the nervous system.

St. John's wort

People have come up with many different ones that have been used to treat diseases for a long time. Among the many plants, St. John's wort enjoyed special respect. At that time it was a “magic” herb - a savior from 100 diseases. During excavations of ancient settlements, archaeologists managed to find the seeds of 20 herbs, including St. John's wort. People believed that this plant helped against illnesses caused by evil spirits and witches. It is very useful for humans and does not contain any harmful substances.

In Rus', St. John's wort was used very widely. For example, it was placed in children’s mattresses so that the aroma would protect the baby from terrible dreams. St. John's wort was at one time considered a source of light, expelling any evil, relieving sadness and sadness. This plant was also the favorite herb of many prominent people, because it healed not only the body, but also the soul. To date, scientists have proven that it has antidepressant properties that are associated with its photosensitizing effect.

Nettle

It is hardly possible to imagine that there are people who have never been burned by nettles in their lives. From this it follows that there is no such person who would not know what it is appearance. Usually two types of nettle are harvested - stinging and dioecious. Stinging nettle is a little smaller and more tender, although aggressive. Stinging nettle is often used for medicinal purposes.

Nettle flowering begins in May and ends in July. Its flowers are small and green. Both species grow not far from human houses, in gardens, orchards, and wastelands. Nettle leaves are harvested from May to August. They must be picked carefully, using gloves, and then dried in the air. The whole herb is used to make nettle juice. The root is dug up in spring or autumn, the adhering dirt is removed and air-dried.

Perhaps due to the fact that nettle is a common weed, it began to be used a long time ago, even before the advent of scientific medicine. Now nettle leaves are used to improve metabolism in the body. In addition, this herb is the main component of tea collection, which is prescribed for rheumatism, gout, and liver diseases. Included in seasonal tea treatment courses.

In conclusion

We have examined with you only a small part of the medicinal plants of the Krasnodar Territory, and also indicated only a certain number of their beneficial and healing qualities. There are many more of them, and they all bring great benefits to humans.