Underground water supply in the country. How to install water in a private house with your own hands

Water distribution at the dacha for irrigation can be simplified to a large extent if suburban area A central water supply has been installed. The option of drilling an artesian well is suitable in cases where there is no other way to supply water to the dacha. This method is more expensive, but in the future the liquid can be used without restrictions. In any case, it is necessary to take care of the normal water supply system of the summer cottage first of all.

After supplying water to the site, they begin to lay out the pipes on the plan. This allows you to correctly distribute the need for watering in the country. If you have no experience working with such systems, you can turn to specialists. To save money, the recommendations below will help you install the water supply system.

Having decided which areas of the dacha water should flow to, they begin to draw the wiring diagram. To do this, be sure to calculate the pipe footage and select all the necessary fittings: adapters, couplings, taps, angles, tees, etc. If you prepare a plan taking into account the scale, which will indicate all water delivery points, this will allow you to quickly navigate the water supply system during its installation.

Plumbing will be required not only for the house, but also for all key places in the summer cottage. Pipes should be connected to them, hoses connected and taps placed on them. Sprinklers are usually installed to water nearby beds. Carrying heavy hoses is not very convenient, so several hoses are usually connected to the wiring at the same time. The presence of a number of water intake points will allow you to quickly cope with watering plants in the country.

Water distribution scheme

When drawing up a wiring diagram, provide a drain valve at the lowest point of the site. Using it, you can drain the water before the onset of frost, since frost and cold lead to freezing of water in the pipes. This can destroy the system, since the density of the liquid that has turned into ice will increase. As a result, the pipes will rupture. Before draining the water, all taps must be closed to protect the water supply from destruction in winter period.

If the pipes of the water supply system are made of polyethylene, then there is no need to provide a special tap for draining.

The completed wiring diagram should indicate the location of the valves on the main line.

It is necessary to provide a tap for emergency shutdown of water supply.

When arranging irrigation at your dacha, you should determine the mode of its use, since the water supply system can be summer or winter. One installation method differs from another in the depth to which the pipes must be laid. For all-season cottages, insulated water pipes are usually provided. This system requires laying pipes lower than the freezing depth of the soil.

Winter type of wiring is necessary if there is a greenhouse on the site. In this situation, it will be necessary to prepare a good ditch and lay insulated pipes. The most rational option would be to use the summer water supply option.

For wiring, you can use a water supply diagram made from polypropylene pipes. It is equipped taking into account the possibility of draining water for the winter period. You should first calculate the required amount of water consumed, adding a small amount of reserve to the result obtained, just in case. When calculating, you should take into account not only the volume of liquid for watering the plants on the site, but also the water needs of the family members of the dacha owner.

To install the output pipe of a pump in the house with your own hands, you will need polyethylene pipes laid in a trench, the depth of which is 50-60 cm. The pump is installed in a well or well, from where water for consumption should flow. You can control the pump from home using a cable inserted into the house.

A second plastic pipe is laid in the pre-laid pipe trench into which the cable must be laid. The pipe introduced into the room must be equipped check valve and a mechanical liquid pre-filter.

How to make a homemade well on your property

When installing a shaft well at your dacha with your own hands, you should not only install a wooden frame, but also take care of the following elements of the water supply system:

1. 1 Electrical network.
2. 2 Spout with tap.
3. 3 Shut-off valve.
4. 4 Pipes.
5. 5 Hoses.
6. 6 Sand.
7. 7 Crushed stone.
8. 8 Box.
9. 9 Blind area.
10. 10 Clay castle.
11. 11 Cover.
12. 12 Ventilation riser, etc.

Do-it-yourself installation of a shaft well in a dacha is done if water is planned to be used in small volumes. Its design is quite simple. For normal operation device is necessary to groundwater lay at a depth of 3-4 to 10-15 m. This depends on the region in which the country house is located.

The components of the well are:

1. 1 Ground part (headband).
2. 2 Reinforced concrete rings.

Concrete is sometimes replaced with a wooden frame made using timber, the diameter of which is 20-30 cm. The frame must be buried in the ground, and the well shaft must be buried several meters into groundwater. At the bottom of the trench, sand, crushed stone and gravel should be poured in layers, each of which should have a height of at least 20 cm. After this, a submersible pump is installed in the well.

If the groundwater is located deep enough, more than 15-20 m, then drilling wells will be required, which can be of the following types:

1. 1 Simple (“on the sand”).
2. 2 Artesian wells (“on limestone”).

Wells of the first type can be drilled independently in 2-3 days using a drill. You will also need a steel pipe, a pump and a special mesh filter. This type of well will provide a small area with water for 5 years. The cost of an artesian well is too high, but its service life is more than 70 years. It allows you to supply the area with water in volumes from 4 to 110 m3/hour. To drill an artesian well, it is necessary to attract specialists and obtain permission to create such a well from local authorities.

Autonomous water supply system

You can install water in your dacha different ways, the main ones are associated with a series connection of pipes or using a manifold. This device allows you to connect a pipe to each individual point. The collector is a pipe with a diameter bigger size than with hoses. The connection to the collector of devices that consume water through hoses must be parallel. Due to this, the pressure in the supply pipes is equalized. The flow of water into each of the hoses is carried out evenly, which does not depend on whether adjacent taps are open or not.

You can use different types of water pumps to water your area. These units are quite light and compact. They do not require special maintenance, since they are equipped with a pressure gauge, hydraulic accumulator and pressure switch. This allows you to maintain the automatic operation of devices operating on the principle of pumping stations.

The water supply in the country can be organized using a tank, which allows you not only to have water in reserve in case of a power outage, but also to collect rainwater. To purify water you will need a high-quality filter system. At the first stage, coarse cleaning is carried out, and at the second, fine cleaning. The latter is more thorough and requires the use of several filters for security.

Using a tank in the water supply system on the site is also very effective for plants, since in the summer the water will be heated in it if it is installed outside. Watering plants warm water allows you to achieve the best fruiting of crops. The cottage can also be equipped with a drip irrigation system if special hoses are connected to the tees.

The importance of a full-fledged water supply in the countryside cannot be overestimated. Without a constant water supply, caring for the area becomes extremely labor-intensive, and ordinary washing of dishes turns into a real challenge, not to mention the use of modern household appliances, requiring connection to a water supply and.

That is why almost every owner of a summer cottage wants to equip a full-fledged water supply system. It is quite possible to cope with the solution of this problem with your own hands. This is, firstly, an invaluable experience, and secondly, an excellent opportunity to save money by refusing the services of third-party craftsmen.

It is better if the planning of the water supply is carried out at the stage of drawing up the design of the summer cottage and house. A full-fledged project includes a number of drawings and documents, including:

For you need to select small room on the first floor of the house. A room of 3-4 m2 will be sufficient. It is more convenient when the water input unit and the necessary technical devices located in one room - this gives the owner the opportunity to fully control the water supply process.

A typical private water supply system includes the following equipment:

• pipeline. Products made of polypropylene, metal-plastic and metal are suitable;
• set of taps and fittings;

  

• pump;

  

• pressure gauge;

  

• expansion tank;

  

• pressure switch;

  

• electrical support with full automatic protection;
• cleaning filters to eliminate suspended particles and various kinds contaminants from the water composition;

  

• Installed as needed. In most cases, the cumulative model is more convenient.

  

Selecting a water supply source

In the process of designing a country water supply system, you need to choose optimal source water. Check out available options and choose the most suitable one for your case.

The simplest and convenient option. It is important that the pressure in the system is sufficient to deliver water to the building. Otherwise, you will need to additionally buy a pump or consider other methods of water supply.

Water will be supplied to the building through a system of pipes and fittings.

In this case, to install a water supply system, you usually do not need to buy any additional devices - you simply need to dig a trench, lay down the water supply elements and cut into the central main line.

If you don't have access to a central highway, consider the following options.

The method is suitable for areas with an underground aquifer depth of at least 8-10 m.

The well shaft is equipped with the efforts of 2-3 people - doing it alone is too long and difficult.

The main advantage of the option under consideration is the extreme simplicity of the system - you can maintain and repair it on your own. Maintaining such a well in good condition does not require significant costs.

The main disadvantage is the strictly limited water supply. Not every individual well can provide as much water as is necessary to satisfy all the needs of the family.

Before choosing this option, calculate the amount of water you need and determine how much water the well can provide.

Arrangement plumbing system based on a shaft well requires the use of a surface pump. The equipment is relatively inexpensive and easy to maintain.

Surface pump for country water supply from a well

Well

If the underground aquifer lies deeper than 8-10 m, you will have to drill a well. The pleasure is not cheap - drillers charge quite a significant amount of money for their work.

But, having spent money once on the construction of a well, you will provide for your dacha clean water V required volumes. If you want to save money, you can try to negotiate with your neighbors and make one well for several houses.

To install a water supply system in this case, you will need a special well or. Such equipment is much more expensive than its surface counterparts, but in terms of efficiency in providing clean water, it has no equal.

Summer and winter water pipes

Previously, you most likely heard such definitions as summer and winter water supply systems. Study the basic properties of these options; it is quite possible that even the simplest summer option will be able to satisfy your requests. Otherwise, you can immediately proceed to study the following sections of the manual, devoted to the arrangement of a full-fledged water supply system.

Summer option

The features of such a water supply system are clear from its name - the operation of such a system is possible only during the warm period. There are stationary and collapsible modifications of the system.

The collapsible summer water supply has a very simple design: it is enough to connect the hoses to a pump with suitable parameters and lay them along the surface of the soil so that they do not interfere with normal movement around the summer cottage.

Silicone and rubber hoses are suitable for arranging the system. The connection is made using special adapters. Also available in specialized stores are more modern products for connecting hoses - latches. One side of such a latch is equipped with a spring-loaded connector, and the other has a “ruff”. With the help of such latches, hoses are connected quickly, securely and simply.

Most often, such a collapsible system is used for irrigation. It makes no sense to organize a full-fledged water supply on its basis to solve domestic needs.

Laying of a stationary summer water supply system is carried out underground. Flexible hoses are not suitable for arranging such a system. The best option- plastic pipes.

Pipes of a stationary seasonal water supply are laid at a meter depth. After the end of the season, water must be pumped out of the pipes, otherwise, with the arrival of cold weather, it will freeze and ruin the pipeline.

In view of this, the pipes must be laid with a slope in the direction of the drain valve. The valve itself is installed near the water source.

Winter option

This type of water supply can be used throughout the year.

Pipes made of polyethylene and polypropylene are suitable for arranging the system. The former are sold at a lower price and are installed without the use of special tools. The latter are somewhat more expensive and require the use of a soldering iron for pipes during installation. However, in the end you will spend on additional parts for installing polyethylene-based pipes more money than for additional products used in the installation of polypropylene pipes.

Water pipes are laid with a slight slope towards the water supply source. The pipeline should pass 200-250 mm below the freezing point of the soil.

There is also an option with pipe laying at a depth of 300 mm. In this case, additional insulation of the pipeline is required. Foamed polyethylene performs excellent thermal insulation functions. There are special cylindrical products. It is enough to simply put such rounded polypropylene on the pipe and as a result the product will be reliably protected from cold and other adverse influences.

Not only the winter water supply pipes, but also the water source need additional insulation.

For example, a well is insulated for the winter and covered with snow. These measures will be sufficient to protect the structure from the cold.

Surface pumping equipment, if used, is equipped with a caisson. A caisson is a pit with additional insulation, located next to a water supply source equipped with a pump.

Installation of automatic pumping stations can only be carried out in a room where the air temperature does not drop to negative levels even in the most severe frosts.

The sewer system also needs insulation. If it is absent, the drains will freeze and disrupt the operation of the drainage system.

Drafting

Start by drawing up a system design. First of all, decide on the equipment. Specify the location of water intake points, calculate the required number of fittings, select optimal material manufacture and type water pipes.

Plastic pipes are used most often. These are durable and reliable products that fully cope with all the tasks assigned to them. At the same time, plastic pipes do not rust, which allows them to be sewn into walls, unlike their metal counterparts.

Compose detailed diagram future water supply. Indicate all dimensions on the drawing. This way you can calculate the optimal footage and determine the required number of components. In this case, it is recommended to buy components with a 10-15 percent reserve.

You must also decide whether you will choose and buy everything yourself necessary equipment, or immediately buy a ready-made water intake station. At this point, be guided by your personal preferences.

Installation of plumbing system components

First step

Dig a trench from the water source to the point where the pipe enters the building.

Second step

Deep-type equipment is lowered into a water supply source. Surface pumps are mounted next to a well or well. The pump is installed in a heated room or in a caisson.

Third step

Connect the water pipe to installed pump. Attach the free end of the connected pipe to a fitting with five terminals.

Fourth step

Connect a storage tank, a pressure gauge, and a pressure switch to the free outlets of the fitting. The volume of the storage tank can reach 400-500 liters or even more. Thanks to this device, optimal performance will be ensured. In addition to this, in storage tank You can store water for emergencies.

Fifth step

Connect a pipe to the remaining free fitting outlet, and then run the line along the pre-leveled bottom of the dug trench straight into the house. You also need to lay a protected cable along the bottom of the pit to connect the pump and accumulator.

It is important that the outlet intended to power the above-mentioned units is properly grounded.

Sixth step

Before the pipe enters the building, install stopcock. It will allow you to shut off the water supply if the need arises.

Seventh step

After making sure that the external pipeline is working correctly, fill the hole and proceed with installation internal wiring.

Regardless of the chosen source of water supply, it is strongly recommended that the water supply system be equipped with cleaning devices

Perform internal wiring in accordance with the previously prepared diagram. At this point, be guided by your preferences. Do everything so that in the future it will be convenient for you to use the connected water supply.

Finally, all you have to do is arrange water intake points by connecting faucets, appliances, etc.

Providing hot water supply

If you need to provide hot water supply, you can supplement your plumbing system with a water heater. There are storage and flow-through varieties of such equipment. At dachas, it is most convenient to use storage tanks.

The installation of the water heater is carried out according to the standard scheme for such equipment.

Now you know in what order the installation of the plumbing system is carried out and what needs to be taken into account for the successful implementation of all related activities. Do everything in accordance with the provisions of this guide, and your plumbing will serve well for many years.

Good luck!

Video - Do-it-yourself plumbing in a country house

There is no point in explaining how important it is for any summer resident or gardener to create a convenient and relatively inexpensive irrigation system on his property. Metal is expensive nowadays, so the overwhelming majority prefer country water supply from plastic pipes.

The cost of manufacturing will be cheaper than if you use steel pipes of the same cross-section, and it is quite possible to do the water pipe distribution around the site with your own hands, even without the involvement of specialists.

Features of planning a country water supply system

Construction of a water supply system for summer cottage It is always more difficult than if you were making plumbing for a residential building or garage. The main problem is that formally you will need to build three branches:

• Plumbing with drinking water for a country house;
• Stationary water supply system for supplying technical water to the house and to watering points in the beds;
• A temporary structure or portable system of pipes and hoses for connecting drip and shower irrigation of beds, shrubs and trees.

For each system, you can choose your own version of plastic pipes that is most suitable for the task. In addition, the price of plastic pipes for water supply in the country is of no small importance. For example, if you try to draw up a water supply diagram for a country house, it will become clear that in this case everything will take no more than 20 m of pipes with three consumer points - for the kitchen, shower and toilet.

Such a water supply system can be easily assembled with your own hands from polypropylene pipes. The whole idea of ​​installing a water supply system in a country house will cost a maximum of $150-200, provided it is connected to a centralized water supply system or to an already built well with a pump and outlet.

If you try to assemble a water supply system for an irrigation system using the same scheme, then the costs of purchasing and assembling plastic pipes alone can increase several times. For example, for a standard dacha plot of 6 acres, the total length of the pipeline laid in the ground is at least 100 linear meters; accordingly, the price of an irrigation branch of a polypropylene water pipeline will increase by at least 2-3 times. To this scheme it is worth adding a system of hose waterers and drip irrigation, for example, for a greenhouse or beds under film.

For your information! A properly planned and constructed plastic water supply can withstand 10-15 years of operation without major repairs or maintenance.

Country irrigation system assembled from rubber hoses and steel pipes, with a higher construction cost, it lasts about half as long, so there is no real alternative to using plastic.

A typical design of a country plastic water supply system is shown in the diagram. As a rule, water supply to the beds was carried out in the form of several parallel pipelines with a diameter of 20 mm, which were connected in the form of a “comb” to the main pressure line with a cross-section of 40-50 mm.

To ensure the supply of irrigation water, one pressure irrigation and one supply line are sufficient to supply the house and fill the drip irrigation reservoir.

Features of the selection of plastic pipes for each segment of the water supply system

The simplest conclusion suggests itself: in order to reduce costs, for each section of the country water supply you need to use your own, most suitable brand of plastic pipes.

Four types of plastic pipes and hoses are currently used for country water supply:

• Polypropylene;
• Polyethylene;
• Silicone;
• Polyvinyl chloride.

PVC pipes have good strength characteristics and satisfactory resistance to sun and frost, but it is better not to use it for arranging above-ground water supply systems. In any case, PVC plastic pipes will require special wrapping with polyethylene foam, which protects against accidental scratches and impacts during installation and further use.

For your information! Of the entire range of plastic pipes for country water supply systems, only metal-plastic ones with an aluminum reinforcing layer are not used.

First of all, the price of metal-plastic pipes is several times higher than polymer pipelines made of polyethylene with a similar cross-section.

The metal-plastic pipeline perfectly withstands prolonged heating, high pressure water, can last for several decades in a summer cottage. But under one condition - country water supply in winter time must be completely freed from water, and in the summer - completely filled.

Thin-walled metal-plastic pipes swell when they freeze and the connecting fittings become deformed. IN summer time Standing idle without water leads to intense corrosion of the aluminum sublayer; if you step on it with your foot or run over it with the wheel of a vehicle, then with a high degree of probability such a country water supply system will be damaged.

Ground water supply from polyethylene pipes

In fact, the use of polyethylene pipes for arranging an irrigation water supply system in a summer cottage is the most rational decision both from a technological and cost point of view.

Advantages and disadvantages of polyethylene pipes

Firstly, the cost linear meter a polyethylene water pipe with a diameter of 25 mm is only 30 cents; for comparison, a meter of polypropylene pipe will cost at least 1.5 dollars. Even taking into account the fact that couplings for polyethylene and polypropylene cost 2.2 dollars and 1.3 dollars respectively, the use of polyethylene pipelines will cost much less than plastic pipelines based on polypropylene.

Moreover, polyethylene is usually sold in the form of coiled sections of 20 and 100 m. Polypropylene pipes are sold in retail trade ready-made pieces of 4 m and 6 m, which means that the number of couplings will be required several times more.

Secondly, polyethylene pipes have good resistance to solar ultraviolet radiation, high strength and ductility. Even at low temperatures and frozen water inside the water supply, plastic pipes do not fail.

Two grades of polyethylene pipes are produced for plumbing systems:

• LDPE - high-pressure polymer, used for small sections of water pipelines where good flexibility and strength are required;
• HDPE - polymer low pressure, used for high-pressure water pipelines and highways.

For your information! Country water pipelines are built from polyethylene pipes designed for transporting drinking water.

They are easily distinguished by their blue or white longitudinal stripe on a black background. Any other brands, for example, with a yellow or orange stripe, are designed for transporting gas and liquid chemical products, so they are not even suitable for watering in a summer cottage. On the surface of the plastic pipe, the purpose, diameter, wall thickness and GOST, on the basis of which the plastic product is manufactured, must be indicated.

In addition to the brand of polyethylene and purpose, plastic pipes are distinguished by operating pressure:

• Low-pressure or L-class, the operating pressure in the line is no more than 2.5 atm;
• Medium-pressure S and SL, designed for pressure from 4 to 8 atm;
• High-pressure T- class, used for water pipelines with operating pressure more than 10 atm.

The latter are used for equipping wells and boreholes in summer cottages; class L and SL are most often used for water supply distribution throughout the territory, provided that the terrain has a difference of no more than 10 m in height for every 100 m of horizontal length.

Do-it-yourself installation of a country water supply system

The main difference between a country water supply system and a home circuit is that pipe routing must be carried out taking into account the following requirements:

• Large length of water mains on the territory of the summer cottage;
• For every 5-7 m of the length of the underground water supply, it is necessary to solder in an outlet with a tap.

The water pipeline must be laid in the ground to a depth of at least 40-45 cm with a protective layer of slate scraps, fragments of plaster stone or old asbestos-cement pipes.

For your information! Laying a plastic pipe allows you to protect the pipe from accidental damage by a shovel, cutting blade of a walk-behind tractor or tractor.

Most summer residents are well aware of the effect of plastic pipes rising in the ground. Over time, due to the washing off of the top layer and heaving of the soil, the light plastic pipe is gradually squeezed out to the surface, so laying protection makes it possible to combat the deformation of the water supply system.

It is clear that water supply pipes can be laid simply on the surface of the ground, but in summer cottages this installation method is used extremely limitedly for two reasons. Firstly, this interferes with the processing of the beds, and secondly, prefabricated structures made of polyethylene pipes are quite easily damaged by being caught by a tool or touched by the wheel of a walk-behind tractor.

One of the most important characteristics plastic water supply - its strength and rigidity become the main obstacle when installing an irrigation system. Rigid material can only be bent at a large radius, so compression couplings have to be used for joining and turning.

Essentially, a coupling or fitting is two parts connected into one body using threads. To splice two lines of water supply, it is enough to install the halves on the ends of the pipes, lay the seal and close the fitting with force. It is clear that this connection method is not designed for radial load, therefore, if you step on the plastic coupling, it is quite possible that the fitting will have to be disassembled and spliced ​​in a new way.

In the same way, you can connect a flexible hose, build a turn in the line at a right angle, or make a branch into several threads of smaller diameter.

Installation of the irrigation outlet is relatively simple. To do this, install a clamp with a coupling on the pipe for installing a vertical outlet; after tightening the bolt fastening, you need to drill a hole and screw in a tap with a nozzle under the hose.

Traditional methods of splicing polyethylene water pipes

If a plastic water supply system is laid on the ground surface and the water pressure exceeds 8 atm, then a more rational solution would be to use horn welding instead of fittings, or connect the pipes with a metal pipe. Both methods have been tested in practice and, according to reviews from owners summer cottages, provide more reliable and high-quality joint polyethylene pipes.

For your information! The services of a specialist in installing fittings and joining individual water supply lines are often more expensive than the plastic pipes themselves.

For welding, you will first need to make a device in the form of two metal sockets, with an opening angle of 15-20 degrees. Before welding, the two ends of the plastic pipes are trimmed so that there is a mutual overlap of 40-50 mm. Usually, special scissors are used to cut polyethylene, but you can do the same job with a regular hacksaw.

The sockets are placed on the ends of the pipes. One is inserted with a cone inside the pipe, the second is put on the other end over the end. Both devices are slowly heated with a propane torch to melt the polyethylene. After 7-10 minutes. the sockets are removed, and the ends of the pipes are forcefully inserted into each other by 40-50 mm. The result is a strong and tight connection.

No less reliable and durable splicing of 25 mm polyethylene pipes can be done using a conventional metal splice 150 -200 mm long with threads at both ends. Inner diameter plastic pipe is 21 mm, it will not be possible to connect two threads of polyethylene water supply using a one and a half inch piece of pipe, since its outer diameter is 22 mm.

After cutting the thread, the bend can simply be screwed inside the plastic pipe. The sharp edges of the threads cut into the plastic, engage and securely fix the bend inside the pipeline. To assemble the joint, it is enough to apply rubber glue-sealant to the threads and wrap the second piece of plastic pipe. It is clear that the assembly of plastic pipes on bends can only be carried out sequentially, since one section of pipe has to be rotated relative to another.

End welding for the assembly of plastic water pipes in summer cottages, as it is designed for the assembly of pipelines with a wall thickness of 5 mm and above.

Polypropylene water pipes for a summer cottage

Plastic pipelines made from “food grade” polypropylene are rightly considered by most experts to be the most technologically advanced and affordable for the construction of water pipelines in apartments, the private sector, country houses and dachas. Even the relatively high price of plastic pipes and components does not stop those who want to make good quality plumbing with their own hands.

Materials for polypropylene water supply in a summer cottage

The reason for this popularity is the very simple and reliable soldering system of polypropylene; with a little practice, plastic pipes can be used to make not only long pipeline branches, but also greenhouses, hotbeds, frames of tents and canopies.

In addition to the high price of the material, polypropylene has several significant disadvantages that you should know about before planning the construction of a water supply system at your summer cottage:

• If polypropylene pipes are filled with water, then freezing, as a rule, leads to the appearance of hidden cracks and destruction of the line;
• Under the influence of solar ultraviolet radiation, the process of secondary polymerization begins in polypropylene. Over time, the material begins to crumble and lose strength, even if the pipeline is not exposed to direct sunlight.

Some brands of polypropylene pipes can be used for street water supply. As a rule, manufacturers paint plastic in black and green colors, polypropylene for indoor installation has a light gray, white or beige color.

For the main supply line of the pipeline, you can use a pipe measuring 32x3 mm; this will be enough to lay out the water supply and organize irrigation on 5-6 acres of a summer cottage. Branches and outlets are made with 16x2 mm pipes with the installation of taps.

Shut-off and switching valves need to be given special attention Special attention. Traditionally, for plastic water supply systems, most supplying companies suggest using polypropylene taps with a rubber mushroom that blocks the flow hole.

Such designs are usually used as shut-off valves in domestic water supply systems. They are not suitable for country water supply; even with regular maintenance, such valves and taps quickly fail. Their main advantage is ease of installation; they can be soldered into a plastic line, like a regular coupling.

A more rational solution would be to use conventional bronze valves; their service life is 10-15 years or more. The only inconvenience is that to install such a crane you will have to additionally purchase two metal-to-plastic adapters.

Methods for connecting polypropylene pipes in a summer cottage

Traditionally, to assemble a water supply system from polypropylene pipes, a special soldering iron is used, approximately the same as in the photo above. The quality of the assembly of a plastic water pipe depends on two factors - the availability of skills in performing installation operations and the characteristics of the soldering iron itself. You should not try to assemble a water pipe using homemade devices, it’s better to rent high-quality equipment for a couple of days, which can be used to solder water pipes, as they say, to perfection.

The principle of soldering is quite simple - the connecting coupling and the end of the pipe are heated on the nozzles of the soldering iron, after exposure the parts are simply connected by hand with little effort.

The method is simple, but in the conditions of a summer cottage it is not so easy to apply, since it is not always possible to extend the electrical network to the junction of the water supply system, even with the help of a cable reel. Some parts can be soldered in a country house, but still about 30% soldering work with plastic pipes will have to be done practically in the beds.

If there is no electricity at your summer cottage, then the plastic water supply can be glued together with a specialized dichloroethane-based glue. The glued joint has almost the same strength as the soldered version, but working with dichloroethane requires caution, since the solvent is classified as a substance hazardous to health.

Recommendations for arranging a water supply system in a summer cottage

The classic design of a country water supply system involves wiring according to the following scheme. The entrance to the site is made of polyethylene with a diameter of 50-70 mm. The water supply must be insulated and laid in the ground at the depth of maximum soil freezing. An inspection well and a shut-off valve must be installed at the entrance. From the valve, water is directed through a PE pipe to storage capacity, from which part of the flow along polypropylene pipe goes in country house. Most of the water flow is redirected from the tank to the underground water supply, and then to the beds.

With this construction of a country water supply, an unlimited number of consumers can be connected to the tank, for example, a greenhouse or a car wash. Moreover, even in the absence of electricity or a pump malfunction, watering can be easily organized by gravity; a small height difference of 1-2 m will be enough for normal watering.

Conclusion

It is very important that the underground water supply is connected to the storage tank with a compensation loop or flexible hose. Otherwise, due to soil heaving or thermal expansion plastic fittings The soldering or gluing points of the couplings may become deformed or even break off. At the lowest point of the plastic water supply you will need to make a drain tap, with which you can drain the remaining water and preserve the lines before leaving for the winter season.

N the need for water supply at the dacha or personal plot obvious. Here we will look at how to make water supply in your country house/garden with your own hands, taking into account operation at different times of the year.

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For water supply installations, you can use plastic pipes with soldered connections or special plastic fittings. A special electric soldering iron is used for soldering connections. It is not particularly expensive, about 2,000 rubles, and in addition, specialized stores selling pipes and accessories for these soldering irons often provide rental services for such soldering irons. To lay the pipeline, you will need a soldering iron for no more than one day. To make connections on fittings, a soldering iron is not needed; such connections can be assembled, as they say, “with your bare hands.”

For an ordinary dacha, pipes with a diameter of twenty, or at most twenty-five millimeters, are sufficient.

DIY summer water supply

First, let's look at the construction of a water supply system, which is supposed to be used only in the summer, that is, summer water supply in a country house, garden, or personal plot. This type of water supply is mainly used for watering plants, connecting summer shower, current household needs. It is not intended to be used in winter. Summer water supply can be either permanent or collapsible.

The most common summer water supply in the country is pipes (hoses) lying directly on the ground. You can make such a water supply from ordinary silicone or rubber hoses, which are connected with adapters. Connecting adapters are commercially available; they are made of plastic (see photo) or galvanized steel (the latter are better, but more expensive). There are also special latches on sale. On one side they have “ruffs” onto which the hose is put, and the other side is a convenient spring-loaded connector; such latches connect and disconnect in one movement and provide a reliable joint. As you can see, there is no difficulty, the only thing when buying hoses is to buy rubber ones with thick walls, reinforced with nylon fibers. Such a hose is more expensive than a plastic one, but it will last at least fifteen years.

For a permanent summer water supply scheme at the dacha, pipes are laid in the ground with your own hands, bringing only water taps to the surface. The depth of placement of the pipes is small; it is enough to just cover them a little with earth, so as not to trip yourself and, of course, to protect them from theft in the absence of the owners.

Many people are attracted by the idea of ​​making water supply in their dacha with their own hands. There are many advantages to this option for solving the water supply problem - from economic benefits to the ability not to depend on the water supply schedule, reducing pressure characteristics during peak hours. In addition, it is possible to calculate and build a system that fully corresponds to the layout of the site and takes into account the number and location of consumption points.

Solving the question “how to install water supply in a dacha with your own hands” begins with determining the type of source. That is, it is necessary to decide where the water will come from. The simplest option is to build a line from a centralized main, equipping it with a pressure tank for uninterrupted supply and pressure stability, however, such a solution is not always possible - there may be no common line at all. Your own source allows you to create a completely autonomous system.

Well

A traditional option that serves many people well rural areas, suitable for use in dacha areas.

The advantages of choosing a well speak for themselves:

• Construction and operation do not require obtaining permits, registration or any other activities associated with additional hassle.
• Water from a well can be obtained either using a pumping unit or manually, which is important for those areas where the power supply is often cut off. In addition, this possibility increases safety - if there is a fire in the area, you will be able to get water and extinguish the fire, even if the wiring is damaged.
• Building a well is not too difficult; you can do it yourself, even without special skills. It is enough to carefully study the recommendations of specialists.
• If ready-made heavy building blocks are not used (e.g. concrete rings), you can do without using special equipment.
• Even using the services of specialists for construction, the price of the work will be lower compared to drilling other water sources.

Disadvantages of the well:

• High probability of organic contaminants getting into the water (this can be reduced by equipping the well with a tightly closing lid),
• The need to periodically clean and sanitize the mine (during seasonal use, this will have to be done more often, since water stagnates in an unused well),
• It is possible to draw water from the upper layers, where contaminants from the soil surface (toxic waste from enterprises, chemical fertilizers, man-made dust, etc.) can get in.
• Relatively low productivity (about 200 liters per hour).

It should also be noted that constructing a well is only possible if the aquifer lies at a depth of less than 15 m.

Well on sand

When deciding how to make water supply in a country house using a sand well, there is also no need to worry about paperwork. The advantages of a sand well are similar to the features of the construction and operation of a traditional well.

• You can use the services of a specialized company or try to do the work yourself. If the aquifer is shallow, you can do without complex equipment.
• Water from a sandy aquifer has a high content of insoluble impurities - sand or clay, so the water supply system will require a reliable filter system.

Distinctive features:

• lower (compared to a conventional well) probability of organic matter getting into the water (water is generally collected at a depth of 15-30 meters),
• short service life (about 8 years),
• depending on geological features, sometimes it is more expedient to install a new well (or move equipment) without much effort than to clean the source,
• a sand well can produce an average of 1.5 cubic meters of water per hour.

Artesian well

In this case, you will be able to install water supply at your dacha from a well only after the drillers have completed their work. Drilling is permitted only by professionals from specialized companies that have permission to carry out this type of activity.

After drilling, flushing and putting the source into operation, the company will issue a package of documents for the artesian well, and before drilling you must obtain permission.

• Advantages: abstraction of water from deep aquifers
• where pollution from the surface does not reach (more than 50 meters),

high productivity (sometimes it is economically feasible to install one artesian well in several areas).

• Flaws:
• the need for serious material investments,

Important: Installation of a filtration system will be required when choosing any type of source. The performance and completeness of the filters are selected based on the composition of the water, which must be determined in a specialized laboratory. The choice of filters is also influenced by how the water will be used - sometimes, in addition to cleaning on the general line to protect pipes, plumbing and household units, additional filters are installed on the kitchen line.

Pump equipment

Do-it-yourself installation of a water supply system in a dacha involves selecting and installing pumping equipment. At this stage it is important to take into account the nuances different types systems

• Both submersible and surface pumps are suitable for wells. When choosing, it is important to remember that they can have a destructive effect on the walls of the structure and contribute to “turbidity” of the water (oscillations lift silt from the bottom, separating it from the walls of the mine). To reduce this risk, it is important to strictly follow the manufacturer's installation recommendations. In particular, it is usually limited minimum distance from the lowest point of the unit to the bottom.
• Artesian wells are very deep, so to equip them you will need a special deep pump.
• For sand wells, submersible pumps are also usually used, although in certain cases surface pumps can also be used.

Units for lifting and transporting water are selected not only by design, but also by technical specifications. Pressure and productivity are taken into account. When calculating the required value, not only the depth of the source is taken into account, but also its distance from the house, the height difference (in case of complex terrain of the site or when installing a water consumption point on the second floor of the house).

When designing a water supply system at your dacha, keep in mind that in some cases single pumping machines are more effective. They represent a whole complex of equipment: in addition to the surface pumping unit, it includes control devices, a pressure switch and a hydraulic accumulator, which optimizes the operation of the pump and ensures stability (consistency of supply and normal pressure) of water supply.

At the same time, the pumping station creates more noise than, for example, submersible pump. It requires placement in a caisson, basement or in a separate heated room to avoid freezing. In addition, there are some restrictions for the installation of such equipment - the distance from the pump to the water surface should not be more than 8 m.

Types of pipes

Since the industry offers a large selection of water pipes, you should understand the features of each type in order to make the right choice.
The characteristics of plastic pipes often cause difficulties and confusion. This is due to insufficient precision of formulations. Any product made from polymers can be called plastic, but the capabilities and operating features of different types differ significantly.

• Polypropylene very popular for internal wiring, has a low price and can withstand high pressure and temperature. Installation of pipes from this material is carried out by soldering using a special soldering iron, which creates reliable, permanent connections.
• U polyethylene The pressure and maximum temperature limits are lower than those of polypropylene. But temperature characteristics are not so important when using pipes for cold water supply, and the ability to withstand pressure plays a role when installing extensive systems that include water supply lines to fountains, sinks and other consumers that require high pressure. The advantage of polyethylene is its resistance to negative temperatures and ease of installation using fittings. Therefore, HDPE pipes are most often used to supply water from a source to a house.
• Cross-linked polyethylene technical characteristics are almost identical to polypropylene. Its peculiarity is the impossibility of connecting elements by welding. How to make water supply in a country house from a well or a well in this case? For this purpose, special compression fittings are used.
• Metal-plastic is similar to cross-linked polyethylene and has a similar layered structure, however, among its layers there is also aluminum foil reinforcing the structure. Metal-plastic pipes are also not welded, and their advantage is flexibility, which allows pipes to be bent, thereby reducing the number of joints and resistance to impact high temperature and pressure. They are suitable for cold water supply, hot water supply and even heating.

Advantages of all plastic pipes:

• light weight,
• long service life,
• smooth surface (salts are not deposited),
• corrosion resistance,
• immunity to chemical influences.

Metal pipes are used less and less for pipeline installation, but they are recommended if the line has to be laid under a road (for example, under a car entrance). The main disadvantages of metal pipes are their heavy weight, lack of corrosion resistance and difficult installation.

Wiring in the house

If there are several water intake points in the house, the question arises about choosing a wiring diagram.

Scheme of water supply in a country house from a well, a well or a central line can be serial or collector.

Installation sequence

To organize the installation of a water supply system in a dacha from a well or well, according to a preliminary sketch, they mark out the laying of communications in the area. After this, proceed as follows.

Features of the winter pipeline

It is generally believed that summer system water supply differs from winter in the depth of pipe laying. At the same time, seasonally used communications must be able to drain before the onset of cold weather. In small areas, ground installation is often resorted to using hoses and portable pumps. In this case, the entire water supply system can be easily and quickly dismantled and stored at the end of summer.

It is somewhat more difficult to organize winter water supply at your dacha yourself, but it is quite possible. It is important to eliminate the possibility of freezing of the system (communications and pumping equipment). Winter water supply at the dacha from the central water supply or autonomous water sources is maintaining pipe laying depth(below the soil freezing level) or their reliable thermal insulation. To be on the safe side, you can combine these precautions.

For autonomous systems will also need provide protection for pumping equipment. Submersible models are not at risk of freezing - they are protected by a layer of water. Surface units are installed in pits or caissons, as well as in special small heated rooms.

When installing winter systems, you can use various ways pipe insulation:

• foam chips poured into the trench,
• crushed slag,
• expanded clay,
• foamed polyethylene,
• sheet thermal insulation with additional corrugated casing for pipes.

You can install winter water supply at your dacha from a well or borehole with a heating cable - this is the most effective solution, but it requires energy costs.

Water heating

Water is heated using electric heaters and gas boilers. The latter are cheaper to operate, but require the availability of gas, documentation and professional installation. Electric models simpler and more compact. You can easily install them yourself. According to the principle of operation, heaters are divided into: The type of unit and its performance are selected based on the volume of water consumption.

For permanent residence You may consider installing a double-circuit gas boiler, which provides both home heating and hot water supply.

Video

The features of laying the external part of the water supply system are described in the video.