Presentation about plants using technology. Creative project “Plant in the interior of a residential building”

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Plant in the interior of a residential building Technology teacher MBOU Lyceum No. 1 named after G. S. Titov. Krasnoznamensk, Moscow region Kotova Elena Vladimirovna. 2017

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1.Problem situation My parents and I moved to new apartment. We really like the apartment. It is spacious, each family member has their own room. There is only one thing that upsets me so far: my room is not very comfortable yet. In technology lessons, I learned a lot about the use of plants in the interior (phytodesign) and decided to try myself as a phytodesigner.

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2. Purpose of the project The purpose of the project: to investigate the issue of using plants to decorate a home and purchase a plant that matches the interior of our apartment. Project objectives: Visit a store that sells indoor plants. Select several plants for the purpose of their further acquisition, find out their biological name. Use Internet resources to become familiar with the technologies for growing these plants. From the studied plants, choose one that is most suitable for the conditions of our home. Use your research data to further care for the selected plant.

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3.Research I visited a flower shop. Diversity beautiful plants I was amazed. There are decorative flowering ones - begonia, violet, decorative leafy ones - ficus, dracaena, and there are also cacti. I was most attracted to ornamental flowering plants. At home at the computer, I continued my research and visited sites about indoor plants. I learned a lot from them useful information: what care these plants need, what kind of lighting they require, what size they can reach.

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4.Selection best idea In the process of collecting information, a number of options for indoor plants were considered: I liked four flowers. They were an orchid, a rose and a violet. I had to difficult choice, but in the end I chose an orchid. I hope that she will grow up with me.

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5.Description of the plant Orchids are like works of art, they delight and enrich us with their beauty. And the shapes of these flowers are the most exquisite. They resemble either birds, or butterflies, or lizards, or swans. Subtle aromas These flowers make your head spin. Perhaps, orchids are one of the most perfect creations of nature, and it is not without reason that many call them “aristocrats” among plants. Orchids grow all over the globe. But in the north they are modest and discreet. Most orchids grow in the tropics, most often they are epiphytes, and settle on other plants, but do not feed on their juices. Many of the orchids are vines, their stems climb up the tree to great heights. They attach themselves to the tree with tendrils and hairs and thus bring their flowers to the light. Luxurious garlands - inflorescences of beautiful large fragrant flowers - sometimes hang from the trees.

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6. Care There is no need to rush into replanting, since the orchid can grow in its substrate for two years. During the period of adaptation to home conditions, the plant needs to be fed regularly. Immediate replanting is required if the flower was growing in sphagnum moss when sold. One of the features of caring for orchids at home is their habit of insufficient moisture in the substrate and high humidity air. That's why, root system The flower is able to quickly absorb and retain enough moisture for a long time.

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7. Reproduction Division is the easiest way to propagate orchids. To do this, it is enough to divide the rhizome of the flower. Quite often, such orchids separate themselves. The main thing is that the orchid is already an adult. Each of the resulting parts must have at least 3 false bulbs that are fully developed. The optimal time for division is considered to be the beginning of spring. In order to divide the orchid, we take it out of the pot and separate the substrate from the roots. Between the false bulbs we cut the rhizome through. Before using the knife, heat it over a fire to prevent infection of the flower. The rhizome should be sprinkled with charcoal, preferably powder. This will help avoid diseases. After this, we plant new orchids in pots prepared in advance.

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8. Diseases Limp (flabby) leaves, cracks in the middle of the leaf (along the lobar vein).

Problematic situation.

We recently installed a new window in the living room and now we have wide window sill, but there are no flowers on it yet. In technology lessons, I learned a lot about the use of plants in the interior (phytodesign) and decided to try myself as a phytodesigner.

Project goal.

Study the issue of using plants to decorate a home and purchase a plant that matches the interior of our home.

Project objectives:

1. Find out where you can buy indoor plants online.
2. select several plants for the purpose of their further acquisition, find out their biological names.
3. use Internet resources to familiarize yourself with the technologies for growing these plants.
4. choose from the studied plants one that is most suitable for the conditions of our home.
5. use the data from my research for further plant care.

Study.

I visited a flower shop. The variety of beautiful plants amazed me. There are also decorative flowering ones:

Saintpaulia

Saintpaulia or violet with various flowers,

azalea or rhododendron,

Cyclamen

cyclamen or alpine violet and others.

There are also many decorative foliage plants that will decorate the interior well.

These are plants such as arrowroot, ficus,

Sansevieria

Sansevieria (very useful plant),

codiaum (croton),

Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia,

dracaena and many others.

Most of all I liked the decorative flowering plants.

At home at the computer, I continued my research. I visited various sites. From the information received, I learned what kind of care these plants need, what kind of lighting they require, and what size they can reach.

Choosing the best idea.

We discussed with our relatives which plant would be most suitable for our living room.

Solution: a decorative flowering plant will decorate our room.

Selecting a specific plant.

Our living room window faces north, there is no sun there, there is not much light in the room. All this allows you to choose a low shade-tolerant plant.

Multi-colored violets

My research has shown that these requirements are met indoor violet, otherwise it is called Saintpaulia (Uzambara violet).

Conditions for keeping the plant.

Here's what I learned from the Internet. The violet plant has oval leaves (sometimes jagged), collected in a basal rosette. The flowers are simple or double and range in color from purple, blue, red to pure white. The root system is superficial, so the pot for violets should be small and low.

Reproduction. Most often, Saintpaulias are propagated by leaf cuttings. To do this, select an adult leaf from the plant. This leaf is cut off with a sharp knife, leaving a stalk no less than 5 centimeters long. After which it is placed in damp sand so that the leaf itself does not touch the soil. The earth around the cuttings is compacted a little.

When planting, use a greenhouse or cover the plant with polyethylene. When the cuttings take root and the young shoots grow, they are divided and each plant is planted in a separate pot.

Care . Violets do not like sudden temperature fluctuations and drafts. Optimal temperature+18…+24 degrees Celsius. They prefer bright light, but don't like direct light sun rays.

You need to water the violet carefully, in a tray. The surface layer of soil should be constantly moist, but the plant should not be flooded. Excess water the pan needs to be drained. The leaves of the plant do not tolerate spraying.

The soil for violets should be loose, well-permeable and easily absorb water. It is better to buy a ready-made earthen mixture for Saintpaulia. In order for the violet to grow and bloom well, it must be fed with mineral fertilizers once a week.

Conclusion.

The violet completely suits the conditions of our living room. You just need to decide where to get this plant. You can buy young plant or ask someone for a leaf cutting. I have friends who have violets various colors. They promised to give me one leaf from each plant. I'll plant them in the sand and grow some plants.

Self-esteem and evaluation.

Beautiful violet

I hope that in the future my plants will look the same on the windowsill as they do in the photographs in the textbook and on the Internet.

1. Problem situation My parents have finished building a new house. We really like the house. It is spacious, each family member has their own room. One thing is upsetting so far: it is not very cozy yet. In technology lessons, I learned a lot about the use of plants in the interior and decided to try myself as a phytodesigner.

2. The goal of the project is to investigate the issue of using plants to decorate a home and purchase a plant that matches the interior of our home. To do this you need: 1. Visit a store that sells indoor plants. 2. Select several plants for the purpose of their further acquisition, find out their biological names. 3. Using Internet resources, become familiar with the technologies for growing these plants. 4. Choose from the studied plants one that is most suitable for the conditions of our home. 5.Use your research data for further care of the selected plant.

3.Research I visited a flower shop. The variety of beautiful plants amazed me. There are decorative flowering ones - Saintpaulia, azalea, begonia, cyclamentum, etc. There are also a lot of derocative-leaved plants that will decorate the interior well - arrowroot, ficus, sansevieria, dieffenbachia, dracaena, etc. Most of all I liked the decorative flowering plants violet, aporocactus, orchid and glaxinia. At home at the computer, I continued my research and visited sites about indoor plants. From them I learned a lot of useful information: what care these plants need, what kind of lighting they need, what size they can reach.

Gloxinia Description. Gloxinia, or Sinningia, is a perennial tuberous plant. Gesneriev family. Homeland of Gloxinia - South America. It blooms from April to October, depending on the length of daylight and growing conditions. Has winter period peace. Gloxinia is amazing plants with exquisite flowers - gramophones. Another name for this plant is Sinningia. One and the other name owe their origin to the botanist Sinning and the doctor Gloksin. For us, the name gloxinia sounds more familiar.

Diseases: Viruses, bacteria. Fungal diseases: Tuber rotting, fusarium, late blight, gray rot, powdery mildew etc. Care. When growing, you should follow temperature regime- in summer there are enough degrees, at night the temperature can drop to 18 degrees. In winter, about 12 degrees Celsius, Gloxinia also needs periodic fertilizing with fertilizers for flowering indoor plants. From April to August it is fed once a week, using half the dose indicated on the package. But during the dormant period, gloxinia should not be fertilized.

Description. Violet (lat. Viola) is a genus of herbaceous plants of the violet family (Violaceae). The violet has a shortened stem bearing a rosette of hairy, highly pubescent leaves. The leaves are broadly oval or round, the shape of the wavy edge varies depending on the variety. U different varieties The diameter of the rosette can vary from 7 to 40 cm or more. Flowers are simple five-membered or double, different colors, collected on stalks of 2-7 pieces.

Diseases: late blight, fusarium, rust, gray rot, etc. Care. You need to spray the violet carefully, using small portions of water and trying not to get it on the flowers. The ideal watering for violets is from a tray. But if you pour water directly into the pot, try to pour it in a thin stream, not to get it on the leaves or in the center of the rosette - this will cause the flowers to rot and die. It is recommended to use fertilizers no more than once a month. Too much fertilizing affects the leaves - they turn yellow and fall off.

Orchids Description. Orchids are like works of art; they delight and enrich us with their beauty. And the shapes of these flowers are the most exquisite. They resemble either birds, or butterflies, or lizards, or swans. The subtle aromas of these flowers make your head spin. Perhaps, orchids are one of the most perfect creations of nature, and it is not without reason that many call them “aristocrats” among plants. Orchids grow all over the globe. But in the north they are modest and discreet. Most orchids grow in the tropics, most often they are epiphytes, and settle on other plants, but do not feed on their juices. Many of the orchids are vines, their stems climb up the tree to great heights. They attach themselves to the tree with tendrils and hairs and thus bring their flowers to the light. Luxurious garlands - inflorescences of beautiful large fragrant flowers - sometimes hang from the trees.

Diseases: flaccid (flabby) leaves, cracks in the middle of the leaf (along the lobar vein) Care. There is no need to rush into replanting, since the orchid can grow in its substrate for two years. During the period of adaptation to home conditions, the plant needs to be fed regularly. Immediate replanting is required if the flower was growing in sphagnum moss when sold. One of the features of caring for orchids at home is their habit of insufficient moisture in the substrate and high air humidity. Therefore, the root system of a flower is able to quickly absorb and retain enough moisture for a long time.

Description. Aporocactus (Aporocactus) are epiphytic plants of the Cactaceae family, native to Mexico, growing on rocky slopes, clinging to ledges of stones, branches of bushes and trees, often forming powerful hanging thickets. Aporocactus has a highly branched stem, reaching 1 meter in length and 1.5-3 cm in diameter, covered with thin, weakly defined ribs with short bristle-like spines. In young plants, the stem grows upward and then descends in the form of lashes. The lashes are bright green, shiny, but become gray-green with age. The flowers are tubular, up to 10 cm long, pink or crimson. The fruit is a round red berry covered with bristles.

Care. The plant needs some shade. Should be protected from direct sunlight. In summer, you can take it out fresh air. The optimal temperature in summer is 20º-25º. For successful flowering, it is necessary to ensure a cool winter with a temperature of 8º-10º. Plants that are preparing to bloom are not recommended to be disturbed or rearranged. Diseases: dropping buds, stem rot. Pests: spider mites

6. Conclusion These plants are completely suitable for the conditions of our room. You just need to decide where to get them. You can buy or ask someone for a tuber or petiole. To get a tuber, you need to wait for someone to plant these plants. My friends have these plants. They promised to give me tubers when transplanting, I will plant them in the appropriate soil mixture and I will grow large plants.

7.Self-esteem and evaluation. I enjoyed reading about houseplants and learning about their diversity and characteristics. My parents said that I made the right choice. Now it all depends proper care. A pot with a violet tuber, aporocacti, orchids and gloxinia were installed on the south window in the living room. In the family, we agreed that only I would water the flowers, so that it wouldn’t happen that everyone would water and the violet, aporocactus, orchid and gloxinia would get sick from excess moisture. I hope that in the future our flowers will look in the interior as in the photograph.

HOUSE PLANTS IN THE INTERIOR

Technology teacher

MBOU Secondary School No. 1, Korolev M. o.

Monina Anna Alexandrovna

Lesson Objectives

• Educational - introduce students to the role of indoor plants in human life; study technology, care rules various types indoor plants and their arrangement in the room depending on the type.
• Educational - instill a desire for beauty and comfort in the design of the surrounding interior.
• Developmental - develop aesthetic taste, broaden your horizons.
• Career guidance – introduction to the profession of phytodesigner.

The role of indoor plants in the interior.

It's hard to imagine a house without flowers these days. Advice from video ecology experts: people in the room where they are on duty should definitely start

indoor flowers, because they improve mood, purify and moisturize the air, and also destroy harmful microorganisms.

Rules for caring for indoor plants.

Success in gardening depends on the right choice plants that correspond in their natural properties room conditions.

Conditions of detention.

• tropical plants (Tradescantia, ferns) - require a lot of heat.
• Subtropical (geraniums, Chinese rose) - require a lot of moisture.
• Shade-tolerant (monstera, begonias) - tolerate low light.
• Photophilous (aloe, lemon, asparagus) – demanding of light.
• Clean air Well-ventilated areas are beneficial for most plants.

Conditions of care.

• For further normal growth and development of plants, care is required, which includes: choosing appropriate soil, watering, cleaning, fertilizing, replanting or transshipment.

FLOWER POTS .

Houseplants grown in pots with the top wider than the bottom or in wide bowls. This shape makes it easy to knock out plants from the container when transplanting. Before planting plants in them, new pots are well soaked, and old ones are thoroughly washed in hot water and dried on fire.

Soil mixtures.

• Each plant needs to choose the appropriate soil mixture , consisting of leaf (peat and humus) and turf soil, sand. For various plants soil of different composition is required.

Watering.

• Its frequency and amount of water depends on the type of plant, development phase and time of year. It is recommended to water with water at a temperature 2-3 degrees higher than the ambient temperature.

Watering groups.

• Abundant watering (begonias, ficus, ivy, lemon) - water as soon as the top layer of soil dries.
• Moderate watering (chlorophytum, palm trees, asparagus) - water 1-2 days after the top layer of soil dries.
• Rare watering (cacti, aloe, gloxinia, hippeastrum) - can be left without watering for weeks or even months.

Most plants are watered deeply in summer and moderately in winter.

In spring and summer, plants must be sprayed (just not in the sun).

Cleaning.

• To improve photosynthesis, prevent diseases and damage to plants by pests, regular cleaning, i.e. washing the leaves, helps. Plants with pubescent leaves are cleaned of dust with a soft brush.

Feeding.

• Plants require additional nutrition to survive - feeding . It consists of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, which are not enough in the soil. Plants are fed during growth (spring and summer), after watering them with water.

Transfer.

As the plant grows and its root system increases, it is necessary transfer(replacement of soil without preserving the coma). Pots are chosen larger than the previous ones by 2 - 3 cm. Plants are replanted from the end of February to May.

Transshipment.

For plants that do not tolerate replanting, it is used transshipment, i.e., the plant is transferred to a new, larger container while preserving the coma. The lump with the plant is placed on a new drainage layer and the empty spaces between the wall of the pot and the lump are filled with soil, the soil is compacted. You can transship the plant at any time of the year.

Seeds.

By cuttings.

The soil should have average humidity and the temperature should not be lower than 25 degrees.

Technology for growing indoor plants.

Dividing the bush.

By dividing the tubers.

The separated parts are planted in pots of appropriate sizes.

The tubers are divided so that each part has a peephole.

Technology for growing indoor plants.

Bulbs.

Vaccinations.

The bulbs are separated in the spring after flowering and planted in pots in light soil.

Merging a scion with a rootstock. It is used to preserve varietal characteristics propagated plant.

Hydroponics .

• Growing plants on artificial nutrient media, in which all the necessary nutrients are given in an easily digestible form, in the required ratios and concentrations. Plants with this method of cultivation are placed in hydropots.

Technology for growing flowers without soil.

• Substrates– inert soil substitutes: gravel, vermiculite, perlite, expanded clay, coarse sand, moss, peat. They are easy to disinfect, do not enter into chemical reactions with mineral salts dissolved in water, and provide good air access to the roots.

Technology for growing flowers without soil.

• The root collar of the plants is secured with clamps on the lid of the box, which is filled with a nutrient solution so that 1/3 of the roots are in the solution, and 2/3 in the airy, moist space between the poured solution and the lid of the box.

Aeroponics – substrate-free method of growing plants (air culture).

derived from the ancient Greek phyton - “plant” and English desiqn - “to make a plan, to design”. Thus, phytodesign is the design and decoration of a person’s living space using living plants.

Word phytodesign -

For each style and for each room there are different types of plants that are designed to regulate humidity, oxygen levels, and absorb dust and harmful substances.

The correct selection of plants is the key to success, because a thoughtful phytodesign in any room will benefit all its inhabitants.

Placing indoor plants in the interior.

• Before you start working on the composition, you need to determine where it will be located. Must be taken into account plant community plants and their physiological characteristics. Plants must be correctly selected in size, appearance, by shape and growth rate, structure and possibility of grouping.
• In addition to the basic placement techniques (single, compositions of potted plants, indoor garden and terrarium), there is a wide variety of combined compositions using potted, forced and cut flowers.

Single plants.

• Evergreen or flowering - placed on the floor, stand, windowsill. They can be miniature (cyclamen, begonia) or large (ficus, palm).

Composition of potted plants.

• Placed on shelves, shelves, stands. Flower pots are placed close to each other to form a large green spot: background – a tall plant with large leaves, foreground – lower.

Indoor kindergarten.

• A container with plants planted in the ground or in separate pots and decorated with moss and pebbles. He might. both miniature and forming a large composition.

Terrarium.

• Flower arrangement inside a glass vessel.

Profession PHYTODESIGNER.

• Scope of activity : man is nature and man is an artistic image.
• Phytodesigner – specialist in creating interior design projects using colors and ornamental plants. A phytodesigner cannot do without knowledge in the field of botany, agronomy, biology, chemistry, because this specialist must know the name of the plant, where it comes from, how to care for it, how a particular flower gets along with its “colleagues,” what fertilizers are needed use in this or that case, etc. Plus, you need to understand the trends in floral fashion, know what the design principles are, what design styles exist, etc.

LITERATURE.

• ABC of flowers / Comp. I. V. Roshal - St. Petersburg: Crystal; Tertsia, 1998.
• Kapranova N. N. Indoor plants in the interior - M.: Publishing house - Moscow State University, 1989.
• Strashnov V. G. Your home - beauty and comfort. – M.: Moscow. worker, 1990.
• Semyonova A. N. Indoor plants: friends and enemies. – St. Petersburg: Publishing House “Nevsky Prospekt”, 1998.
• D – r D. G. Hessayon. All about indoor plants. Translation from English O. I. Romanova. – M.: “Storehouse – Books”, 2005.

INTERNET RESOURCES.

• Article “Hydroponic method of growing plants without soil”:

http://www.floralworld.ru/gidroponica.html

• Article “Profession designer”:

http://www.moeobrazovanie.ru/professija_fitodizainer.html

• Article “What is phytodesign and why is it needed”:

http://pocmok.ru/tree2398.htm