Generous in harvest, Williams Pear is a favorite among varieties. Williams pear variety: photo and description of the variety Video “Autumn pear formation”

Williams pear is very popular among gardeners in our country. Moreover, both summer and winter varieties are equally popular. Why is it so popular and what valuable properties does she have? After all, Williams has been cultivated in different regions of Russia for more than a century, and is not replaced by other more modern varieties. It is worth understanding why this particular fruit tree is so valued by modern summer residents, and is also grown in small farms, and the fruits are used for processing.

The variety was bred in the south of Great Britain in late XVIII century, but which varieties were taken as a basis when working on a new variety remained unknown. The variety was named in honor of Robert Williams, who introduced it at the beginning of the next century at the London organization engaged in the cultivation of fruit trees and others garden plants. It was this person who later advertised this variety, and a few years later the Williams pear began to be grown in France. Later it appeared in many other European countries.
In the second half of the 19th century, the Williams variety appeared in many orchards southern regions of our country.

And at the end of the first half of the last century, the summer variety was tested at the state level and was zoned for cultivation in the regions of the North Caucasus.
The red Williams variety is the standard of pear trees, harvested in mid-August.

This variety is small in size - about 3 m in height, the crown is pyramidal in shape, medium spreading and compact size. The branches extend from the main trunk at an angle of about 35 degrees, and their ends bend in an arc towards the ground. The bark on the trunk is covered with cracks. The color of the smooth bark of the branches is gray and light. The foliage of shoots is average.

The foliage is large in size, ovoid in shape, its surface is smooth and shiny. The edges of the leaves are slightly raised, covered with small teeth. Light emerald colored veins run down the center of the leaves.

The flowers are cream with a white tint, usually collected in clusters of 5-7 pieces. The buds open before the leaves appear. Flowering lasts up to 20-25 days.

The fruits are tied 2-3 pieces in a cluster and are held firmly. The weight of one ripe fruit is usually up to 165 g; on young trees, the weight of one Williams pear can reach 165 g.

The fruits can be large or medium in size, their surface is uneven, covered with a skin of medium thickness. Ripening pears are soft green; as they ripen, their color turns yellow, and the sides turned toward the sun turn red.

The stalks are thick, slightly curved. The seeds are small, Brown, ovoid, pointed on one side.

The pulp is juicy, sweet, with a slight sourness, and has a delicate nutmeg aroma. The color of the pulp is white with a yellowish tint.

The Williams pear variety is a universal one, as its fruits are used in fresh, and also used for making compotes, jams and preserves, and also dried.

The harvest is harvested in the second ten days of August. After harvesting, the harvest can be stored for no more than two weeks, but in the refrigerator the fruits can be stored for up to 45 days.

If this variety is grafted onto a pear tree, then the first harvest is harvested after 5 seasons, and Williams grafted onto a quince begins to bear fruit already in the 3rd season. But such trees do not live long.

In different regions, the yield of the variety is different and can range from 80-120 kg to 100-150 kg.

The variety is self-sterile because only female flowers bloom on it.

Therefore, other pollinating varieties should be planted nearby. Suitable pollinators for Williams pear are:

• Clapp's favorite;
• Alexandrovka;
• Bere Bosc;
• Olivier de Serres.

Variety varieties

The Williams variety has several subspecies, but the most popular in our country are:

• summer variety;
• Williams red;
• winter variety Williams - with late ripening of fruits.

Benefits of red pear

There is no fundamental difference between the fruits of the red pear and other varieties of this fruit tree. Therefore, we can say that the benefits of Williams pear are as follows:

• Thanks to the large amount of vitamins and minerals in ripe fruits, pears strengthen the immune system, calm the nerves, normalize sleep; removes toxins from the body;
• improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract;
• Helps reduce “bad” cholesterol.

Tasting assessments

Ripe Williams pear fruits have a pleasant taste - residually sweet with a slight addition of sourness. According to tasting scores (on a 5-point scale), the fruits of “Summer Williams” were assigned 4.8 points.

It should be noted that this fruit is not too high in calories - 100 grams of fruit contains no more than 45 kcal. Pears contain the most carbohydrates, the second place is found in proteins, and the least amount of them contains fats.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the Williams variety include:

• early fruit ripening;
• high productivity;
• good presentation of large fruits;
• undemanding to soil characteristics.

But the pear also has disadvantages:

• low resistance to cold;
• the need for pollinator trees due to self-sterility;
• requirement for regular watering, especially in hot, dry weather;
• low resistance to scab, can also be affected by copperhead and aphids.

Selection of seedlings

For planting, you should purchase a two-year-old seedling up to 1.5 meters in height, the distance from the root collar to the lower branches is usually up to 0.5 m, and there should be no more than 5 shoots in total.

The length of the roots should be about 0.3 m. The seedlings should not have mechanical damage or signs of disease either on the above-ground part or on the root system. The central trunk should be perfectly formed.

Landing Features

Williams pears should be planted in mid-autumn (after the trees have finished growing) or spring (before buds appear).

The site for planting should be sunny, and the soil requirement should be good water permeability and looseness. There should be no stagnation of water in the soil.

The size of the landing pit is 0.6 by 0.6 m, and the depth is up to 0.8 m. Nutrient mixture, which the roots are covered with, usually consists of:

• 1 part humus;
• 1 part garden soil;
• 1.5 cups superphosphate;
• 1.5 cups of potassium sulfate.

The roots are carefully distributed along the bottom of the hole, covered with soil, and then with a nutrient substrate. After planting, 10 liters of water are poured under each tree, the soil is pressed down and soil is added. A wooden stake is placed in a hole next to the seedling, to which a young pear is tied.

Tree care

Summer Williams (like other subspecies of this variety) does not require special care.

Watering

During the first few seasons, young trees are watered regularly once every 1.5-2 weeks. Older trees are watered no more than 5-7 times per season (depending on weather conditions), since pears do not tolerate drought well.

Fertilizer and feeding

Fertilizers are applied to young pears every year in early spring. Typically, the fertilizer is rotted manure, which is placed in a circle around the trunk to a thickness of 5 cm.

For mature trees, fertilizers are applied during the autumn digging of the trunk circle. Usually they add at the same time mineral fertilizers(phosphate and potassium) and rotted organic matter. Fertilizers are scattered all over trunk circle and are buried to a depth of 30 cm.

Trimming

In young trees, pruning is carried out in the spring, leaving up to 5 main shoots; the central trunk is cut so that it is 25-30 cm higher than the side branches.

Older pears are pruned in spring and autumn. In the spring, sanitary pruning is carried out, during which frozen and damaged branches are removed. In autumn, formative and rejuvenating pruning is usually carried out.

Resistance to diseases and pests

This variety is quite resistant to most diseases that affect pear trees. However, Williams is extremely susceptible to scab. To prevent this disease, diseased fruits and foliage should be removed and burned. To combat scab, trees should be sprayed several times a season with Bordeaux mixture or colloidal sulfur.

To control pests that attack these fruit trees ( different types aphids, copperhead, etc.), spraying with solutions of insecticides (such as Atkara, Komandor, Iskra, etc.) should be carried out.

Description

Pear Williams red (Rouge Delbara)- early autumn variety ( spontaneous anthocyanin mutant cultivar Williams ). Fruit higher average size, pear-shaped, with a slightly tuberculate surface. The skin is thin, tender, shiny, completely covered with a dark burgundy blush, which becomes bright red in fully ripe fruits. Numerous small, yellow or yellowish-pink subcutaneous dots, and sometimes small rusty spots, are clearly visible throughout the fruit. Ripe fruits are very attractive.The pulp is yellowish-white, tender, juicy, melting, sweet and sour, with a nutmeg flavor, excellent taste (4.6-4.7 points), when ripening in hot summers, contains: dry matter - 12.9%, sugars - 8.4%, titratable acids – 0.38%, ascorbic acid – 6.3 mg/100g, P-active catechins – 37.8 mg/100g raw material.Harvesting maturity occurs at the end of August. When lying down they ripen on the 15-20th day, during warm summers - in the first ten days of September. If there is a lack of heat, they will not ripen, although the appearance of the fruit will be impeccable. Stored in a refrigerated storage facility until November. Transportability is satisfactory. They are used fresh and for the preparation of high-quality processed products (compotes, preserves, marmalade).

The tree is not very tall, grows slowly, and is inferior in terms of growth vigor. TO the tree's crown is sparse, pyramidal, and has a more compact appearance than Williams. The main branches extend from the trunk at an angle of 50-60°, then, under the load of the crop, they bend downwards in an arched manner. The variety is different good bud awakening and high shoot-forming ability.

On quince it bears fruit in the 3rd year. Fruiting occurs mainly on 4-5 year old wood. Productivity is slightly lower than the original variety. It blooms in the mid-late period, the flowers are quite resistant to frost.

The best pollinators are the following varieties: Klapp's Favorite, Bere Giffard, Bere Gardi, Forest Beauty, Olivier de Serre.

The winter hardiness of the variety is average. In terms of disease resistance, it does not differ from the variety.

The soil: loose, well-drained, moist, with a small amount of clay. When planting, the root collar should be 3 cm above ground level.

Advantages of the variety: low growth and early fruiting of trees, high marketability and taste of fruits.

Disadvantages of the variety: relatively low winter hardiness and drought resistance. Addiction to degrowth: fruits with uncolored stripes and yellow ones may appear on individual branches. Such branches should be removed and cuttings from them should not be used.

Usage: in the form of jam, compote, jam, marmalade, honey, wine or candied fruits. Pear is actively used in folk medicine, in pharmacology in the production of certain medicines and in the fight against the annual avalanches of acute respiratory infections and bronchitis.

Description of the Williams pear variety with photo

The Williams pear is a weak or vigorous tree with a wide pyramidal, asymmetrical crown. The bark is gray, smooth. The shoots are arched, thick, glabrous, with a few lenticels, yellowish.

The leaves are large, oval, short-pointed, smooth, folded in a “boat”, finely crenate along the edges. Flowers are collected in inflorescences of 6-7 pieces. Blooms later and lasts quite a long time.

The fruits are medium or large, weighing up to 170-180 g, pear-shaped, oblong, the surface is bumpy. The skin is thin, shiny, light green, and when ripe, bright yellow with gray dots. The peduncle is thick, curved. The pulp is yellowish or white, tender, juicy, the taste is wine-sweet, with a slight aroma of nutmeg. The fruits are set in 2-3 pieces, firmly attached to the stalk, and stay on the tree for a very long time. Ripen in mid to late August. Fruits picked a few days before ripening are stored for 2 weeks; during this period they tolerate transportation well. Can be stored in a cold room or refrigerator for 1.5 months.

The Williams pear variety has an excellent dessert taste, so it is used mainly fresh, and is also used to make compotes. Dried fruits acquire a yellow-cream color and a pleasant taste. Late summer variety, self-sterile. The most suitable pollinators: , "Clapp's Favorite", .

For low-growing individuals of this variety, it is recommended to plant on fertile, well-moistened soil, otherwise the plants will quickly become depleted, weaken and die. Fruiting of trees grafted on pear begins at 5-6 years, on quince - at 3-4 years. The crop yield is high. More than 150 kg of fruits are obtained from one mature tree.

Winter hardiness and drought resistance are average. The variety is moderately resistant to scab and is often affected by aphids and copperheads.

In the gallery at the bottom of this page you can see a photo of a Williams pear.

Since 1760, the “Winter Williams” pear variety, which was accidentally discovered in the forest of France by Curé Leroy, became famous and widespread.

Winter Williams pear

Winter Williams pear is a vigorous tree with a dense, wide-pyramidal crown and branches extending from the trunk at an angle of 45°C. During the fruiting period, the ends of the branches droop under the weight of the fruit. The bark of the trunk and branches is gray and fissured. Fruiting on 3-4 year old wood and fruit trees. The shoots are long, geniculate, light brown. Lentils are sparse, oval, light gray. The buds are cone-shaped, pointed, dark brown. The leaves are round or broadly ovate, dark green, thick, leathery, with raised edges and fine serrations along the edge of the leaf. The petiole is thin, burgundy. The flowers are large, white, with pink anthers.

The fruits are large, weighing up to 200 g, elongated pear-shaped, unequal. The skin is thick, dense, greenish, and yellow when fully ripe. The pulp is juicy, sweet, with a slight tartness and slight stonyness. The fruits are tied in bunches and stay on the tree for a long time. After picking they ripen in 10-20 days. They are stored for 1-2 months. When fully ripe, they turn brown and begin to deteriorate.

This variety of pear is used fresh and processed.

Fruiting begins at 5-6 years, on quince - at 4-5 years. The variety is undemanding to soil and growing conditions, but grows better on light, well-moistened soils. Heat-loving. In cool summers, the fruits do not gain sufficient sugar content. The tree is winter and drought resistant.

When describing the “Williams Winter” pear, the following advantages are highlighted: high yield and undemanding to growing conditions.

Disadvantages: mediocre taste of fruits.

Pear variety "Williams summer"

The Williams Summer pear variety is also in great demand among gardeners.

Its fruits are medium or large, weighing up to 170 g, and have a pear-shaped, elongated shape. The color is yellowish-white. The pulp is juicy, tender, sweet, aromatic. Ripening date is mid-August.

“Williams” are deservedly popular in our country, and their description and varietal characteristics are of interest not only to amateur gardeners, but also to small horticultural companies engaged in growing this crop for the purpose of further processing or sale of fruit products. Most often there are positive reviews about these varieties, which is why they are in demand in most regions of our country.

Description of the Williams Rouge Delbara pear

This variety in our country is better known under the names “Williams Red” or “Max Red Bartlet” and is zoned for cultivation in the North Caucasus region.
A plant of small plants, with a sparse, pyramidal, fairly compact crown, the branches of which extend from the stem at an angle of 35°, after which they have an arched deviation towards the ground. The trunk is covered with fissured bark. The main branches have a smooth, light gray covering. The variety "Williams Rouge Delbara" is characterized by average crown foliage.

The shoots are erect, geniculate, medium in both length and thickness, brownish-green in color with a burgundy tint. sunny side. At the stage of full ripening, the bark on the shoots acquires a pronounced brown color with small elongated lentils. The indicators of shoot-forming ability are quite average. The foliage is medium in size, dark green in color, with a shiny surface, elongated-ovate in shape.

The edge of the leaf blades is raised upward and has a straight central vein. The apical part of annual shoots is characterized by the presence of burgundy-red, pubescent foliage and bark. Flowering is relatively late, but the flowers are quite resistant to low temperatures.

Williams pear: growing (video) The fruits are quite large in size, pear-shaped, with a slight bumpiness on the surface. Characteristic is the presence of thin, very delicate and shiny skin, covered with a dark burgundy blush. At the stage of full ripening, the fruits acquire a bright red color.

Pear pulp is yellowish-white in color, tender and juicy, melting in the mouth consistency, sweet and sour taste with a nutmeg aftertaste. It is recommended to collect fruits at the stage of removable maturity, in the last ten days of summer. About two to three weeks pass before the onset of full consumer maturity. Subject to optimal conditions storage, the fruits are perfectly preserved until the last ten days of autumn.

When growing in home gardening conditions, it is very important to supplement the plantings
", "Bere Giffard", "Bere Hardy", or "Olivier de Serres". This variety is distinguished by its demanding requirements for high agricultural technology., and is also characterized by responsiveness to timely fertilizing with organic fertilizers, and has average winter hardiness and drought resistance. Due to its weak growth and early fruiting, the variety belongs to the category of promising pears for use in intensive home gardening.

Pear variety "Williams winter"

The "Williams winter" pear is also known as the early winter triploid variety Curé or Curé of unknown origin. In our country, this variety of pear is often called “Winter Large”, “Pastor’s”, “Plebanovka” or “Popskaya”. The plant is vigorous and very durable, with a well-leafed and dense, wide-pyramidal crown. High yields often provoke the formation of a drooping crown with drooping shoots.

The main shoots extend from the trunk at an angle of 50 degrees. The trunk and skeletal branches are covered with gray fissured bark. The plant bears fruit on three-year-old wood and fruits. Elbow type, long and not too thick shoots, covered with light brown bark. The foliage is dark green, not large, wide, ovoid-round in shape. The edges of the leaves are raised, and the tips are bent down. The edges of the leaves are finely and sharply serrated. The leaf blades are smooth, glossy, rather thick and leathery. The leaves are located on small and thin petioles.

How to plant a pear (video)

The fruits are quite large, weighing up to 235-255 g, with slight asymmetry of an elongated pear-shaped shape. Covered with smooth, matte, quite thick and dense. At the picking stage, the main color of the fruit is light green. When fully ripe, the fruits are whitish-lemon-yellow with a pinkish blush. Small and numerous subcutaneous dots are clearly visible. A characteristic varietal feature is the presence of a rusty-brown stripe running along the entire length of the fruit. White, with a yellowish or creamy tint, the pulp has a fine-grained consistency, medium in density, tender and semi-melting, with medium juiciness and an unexpressed nutmeg aroma. The pulp is characterized by astringency and the presence of stony cells around the seeds.

In unfavorable weather conditions, the taste may be grassy. The harvest is used fresh, but is also suitable for processing. The low calorie content of the fruit allows them to be used in dietary nutrition.

Variety "Williams Summer"

Many domestic amateur gardeners know this variety under names such as “Summer Duchess”, “Bon-Chrétien Williams” or “Bartlett”. The “Williams Summer” variety has become widespread in the southern regions of our country. and deservedly belongs to the category of world standards, being a varietal standard. According to experienced amateur gardeners, this dessert variety is perfect not only for use for industrial purposes, but is also very promising for cultivation in amateur and home gardening.

A plant of medium vigor, with a wide and pyramidal crown, with wide foliage and asymmetry. and the main skeletal branches are covered with gray and smooth bark. On thick, erect or arched shoots there is large, ovoid, short-pointed, smooth and shiny foliage. Blooms for a long time, late in the season, resistant to not too favorable weather factors. The fruits are most often large in size, weighing in the range of 165-175 g. The fruits are distinguished by their oblong pear-shaped shape and have a slight bump on the surface.

The pulp is covered with an aromatic, thin, glossy, light green or yellowish skin with small grayish dots. Rusty spots and not too pronounced blush on the fruits are rare. Yellowish-white in color, tender and melting, very juicy, wine-sweet taste, the pulp has a peculiar nutmeg aroma and dessert taste. The variety belongs to the category of self-sterile, therefore, to increase pollination rates, it is recommended to plant “Clapp’s Favorite” and “Forest Beauty” or “Olivier de Serre”. The best scion is quince, on which fruiting begins already in the third or fourth year.

Pear: choosing a variety (video)

It is important to note that all Williams pear varieties have sufficient, but not the highest, winter hardiness and drought resistance. The advantages include the lack of demands on soil conditions. However, to obtain a stable and maximum high yield highly commercial and tasty fruits, it is recommended to allocate them for growing fruit crop fertile, well-supplied soils.

The second name is Williams Rouge Delbara. A variety of Williams pear, which was bred by the Englishman M. Weller in 1796.

However, it was the red Williams that was received in France later.

Richard Williams distributed the seedlings, hence the pear variety takes its name.

Description of the variety

Growing up, the seedlings do not reach large sizes. The crown is quite sparse, small, pyramid-shaped.

The shoots in the central part of the tree are inclined at a slight angle, closer to the bottom they smoothly bend in an arc downwards. There are cracks in the bark.

The branches have an average number of smooth oblong leaves of a dark green color. The tree begins to bear fruit after reaching the age of 3-4 years.

Description of the fruit

The pear brings enough large fruits, weighing 160-190 g.

If the tree is grafted onto quince, the weight of the fruit can reach 270 g. The shape of the fruit is oblong, there is a tuberosity. The skin is most often yellow in color, covered with a burgundy tint on top.

A distinctive feature is pink or yellow dots; there may be spots of a reddish color.

The pulp is sweet, juicy, and has a pleasant taste. The first round of harvesting occurs in mid-August - early September. Due to the average density of the fetus, the condition of its transportation is assessed as satisfactory.

Advantages of the red Williams variety:

1. Unripe fruit can be stored at home; after 2-3 weeks it will reach the stage of full ripeness and will be suitable for consumption.
2. Can be stored in a cool place for up to 4 months.
3. Perfect for making jam, compotes, and other canned products.
4. Short period of onset of yield, especially if the tree is grafted onto quince.
5. Taste qualities.

Flaws:

1. Particularly sensitive to agricultural technology.
2. It is whimsical to fertilizers.
3. Average cold resistance.
4. In terms of harvest quantity, it is inferior to the original Williams ordinary.

Like any other type of pear, red Williams seedlings are recommended to be planted in holes filled with fertilized soil.

The main importance of fertilized soil is to create favorable conditions for the growth of seedlings. It is generally accepted that the larger the planting hole, the longer the harvest period will be.

It is better to prepare the depressions in advance so that the soil has time to become saturated with useful substances in sufficient quantities. Since this pear variety is grown mainly in middle lane

countries, then the best fertilizer in this case is wood ash or superphosphate in granules.

One seedling contains about 1 kg of ash or a little more than 200 grams of superphosphate. Afterwards, you need to check the branches and trunk for dry buds.

If there are any, get rid of them. Pour plenty of water over the planting site to better retain moisture; for the first time, you can cover the area with improvised material, for example, film. After the plant has successfully taken root, remove the material, water the soil moderately, and loosen the soil around the trunk. Take note:

Successful rooting of a pear tree will be facilitated by a metal stake driven near the trunk, tying it to which will limit the swaying of the seedling from the wind. The pear harvest has only positive reviews according to taste qualities

, is distinguished by its significant juiciness, delicate sweetish taste, the hybrid was able to achieve real popular recognition. In this regard, the demand for the variety is quite high.