Bonding various materials: advice from experts. How to glue wood

You will definitely use this trick if you didn’t know it before. We will talk about how to very reliably glue plastic or plastic parts with ordinary second glue, using one small secret, which increases the strength of the connection of two parts by more than 10 times.

What's the trick?

Will need

• Any super or second glue.
• Baking soda.

Gluing plastic

Pros and cons of the method

• Instant hardening. Even large drops freeze immediately.
• The end result is a very durable monolith.
• Glues almost any plastic.
• You can even seal holes and holes.

• Instant hardening can act as a negative factor due to the fact that the composition cannot be poured into the center of the parts to be glued.
• The reaction occurs with the release of heat, which in some cases can be negative.
• Unfortunately, such a composition can only be applied to the surface, but there are times when it is not possible to reach it.

Important part finishing works indoors – protection of corner lines of walls from possible damage. Even after a high-quality repair, wallpaper on the corners, as well as door and window slopes can quickly become unusable. It is recommended to strengthen wear-prone areas with PVC corners. Let's look at what you can use to glue a plastic corner and how to do it.

PVC corners give the renovation a finished look

Plastic corners are finishing elements that can protect external corners walls from damage. They also play a decorative role, giving the interior integrity and completeness.

Among the many types of corners, PVC products are considered popular. They are universal. They are finished with:

• door, window, arched openings;
• window sill niches;
• places where the walls meet the ceiling;
• external and internal corners walls;
• gaps between the wall and the surface of the kitchen unit.

PVC panels come in white, colored (with various shades and textures) and double-sided painting. According to the form they are distinguished:

• standard version (equilateral corners for wall corners);
• T-profile;
• L-shaped (arched).

Why do experts recommend gluing plastic corners to the wallpaper? Corner profiles made of polyvinyl chloride differ:

1. Durability. The products retain their properties for more than 25 years.
2. Durability. They have anti-corrosion properties. Resistant to cracking and abrasion. Not affected by humidity and ultraviolet radiation.
3. Easy to install. They are easy to cut with a knife or scissors.
4. Low price.
5. Unpretentiousness in care.
6. Light weight.

There are also negative aspects. PVC products lose color over time. If a fire occurs, they melt, releasing toxic substances. They should be protected from damage by sharp objects.

How to glue a plastic corner

To ensure that the work done is not in vain, you need to choose an adhesive that is best suited for plastic corners. IN construction stores There is a wide selection of adhesive compositions available. Finishing of corners and slopes is carried out using the following adhesives:

• Liquid nails. The composition has a high degree of strength. Taking advantage liquid nails, you can securely attach a corner made of PVC or polystyrene foam to any surface, in particular to textured wallpaper, wood or concrete. The glue has excellent adhesive properties and sets quickly. If necessary, a composition of a certain color is selected. It is better to glue white plates with a colorless compound.

Liquid nails are often used when installing corners

• Polyurethane glue. Durable, elastic, tightly glues PVC and MDF. The instructions say that not every polyurethane-based adhesive is intended for PVC corners. A significant disadvantage is the pungent odor and high cost.
• Silicone sealant. Recommended for fixing profiles to wallpaper, plastic panels, as well as to ceramic tiles in the bathroom, in the kitchen. It is advisable to use acrylic sealant. However, when using silicone glue, over time you can observe a weakening of adhesion, especially in places where the corners are most often touched. Therefore, if you are planning to attach a plate to a tile using silicone, you should choose compounds with high adhesive properties.
• Liquid plastic. The purpose of the composition is to glue exclusively PVC parts. It is good to work with it, for example, when finishing joints plastic windows. This type of glue must be used carefully, since a special chemical reagent will be needed to remove the mixture that accidentally gets on the wallpaper.

PVC profiles are self-adhesive. It is necessary to glue the plastic corner onto the wallpaper after taking measurements. After this, the protective tape is removed from the product, and the plastic is pressed against the outer corner.

Tools for work

To fix the plastic you need glue gun. It allows you to accurately apply the composition used. You also need to stock up on:

• hacksaw or metal scissors;
• stationery knife;
• metal square;
• tape measure, pencil;
• masking tape;
• glue mixture.

You can obtain profiles of the desired size and shape using a miter box. However, if this tool is not there, it’s okay.

How to glue a plastic corner

To glue plastic corners to wallpaper or slopes, you should take into account the surface to which the plates will be attached. Corners can be glued to wallpaper in two ways:

1. Directly to wallpaper. Important: the wallpaper texture should be shallow, otherwise dust will accumulate in the resulting gaps.
2. With cutting out the strip and applying glue to the wall. To do this, you need to place a plastic corner on the installation site, and then cut off the wallpaper on both sides with a knife.

If there are curved slopes, flexible PVC profiles will be useful.

How to cut correctly

Before gluing the corner, the required length is measured. Trimming at an angle of 45 degrees is carried out using a sharp scalpel knife or hacksaw. Blanks are also made using a miter box.

How to glue

If you need to attach plastic corners to the wallpaper, first the area to be treated is freed from finishing material. The width of the cut strips should be slightly less than the width of the profile. Next we work like this:

• on inner side Apply the selected glue to the planks;
• apply the polyvinyl chloride profile to the surface and press it along its entire length using a napkin or dry rag;
• We secure the plastic with masking tape;
• After the glue has set, remove the tape.

Before gluing the PVC profile to the windows or doorway, it is necessary to examine the surface for any unevenness. If it is not possible to correct the defect, use flexible plastic panels.

When it is necessary to glue the corners between the wall and the bathtub, it is important that the surface of the bathtub edge that is adjacent to the wall is clean. To protect the tiles from possible glue getting on them, you can use masking tape.

First, treat the side of the bathtub and the adjacent section of the wall. antiseptic and a degreaser. The next stage is filling the gaps silicone sealant. The PVC corner is glued after a day or two.

How to glue the inner corner to the ceiling? When fixing products, it is important to avoid the formation of gaps. If adhesive has come out, it should be removed. After installing the PVC profile, finishing putty is used.

When making preliminary markings, you need to be as precise as possible to avoid gaps between the joints. Better length increase the profile by 0.5-1 mm. Thanks to their elasticity, the panels will fit perfectly into place.

Before installing the corners on the walls, the panels are cleaned of dirt. If the cutting of the panels turns out to be uneven, do not fill the gaps with silicone. Gradually, the defective areas will become covered with dust and become noticeable.

To attach the arched corner, you will need a hair dryer. If after 2-3 warm-ups it was not possible to bend the profile, further attempts should be stopped. Prolonged heating makes the material hard and brittle.

Often in everyday life or when making furniture we have to glue different materials together. In carpentry and furniture, the craftsman's skills in this type of work play a big role.

The quality of gluing depends, first of all, on the pre-treatment of the bonded surfaces. The surfaces to be glued are thoroughly cleaned of dirt, grease, and remnants of old glue or paint; the surface must always be dry and clean. Materials with a mirror-smooth surface do not adhere well to each other, so clean them with a knife, sandpaper or file.

When gluing metal, porcelain, glass, stone and some other parts, it is necessary to first degrease them by washing them with warm soapy water and then rinsing. You can also degrease the surface by wiping them with a swab dipped in the solution. ammonia gasoline, acetone, baking soda solution.

When gluing various materials you need to follow several rules: apply glue to the surface only in a thin layer, but so that there are no missing spots. The glue should be free of any impurities (sawdust, dust, etc.) and of uniform consistency, that is, it should not contain lumps. Thick layer thick glue does not contribute at all to a stronger bond. According to the instructions, some types of adhesives should be heated before use. We would advise you not only to heat the glue itself, but also to heat the materials being glued. Then the bonding strength will increase.

As a rule, the parts to be glued are dried in a warm place not lower than 18 ° C. The parts should be pressed tightly together using a press, pressure or vice.

When gluing wood, it is recommended to heat the surfaces to be glued. It is desirable that the humidity of the parts being glued be the same, but, in any case, does not exceed 10-12%. We would recommend that you glue dry wood with animal and synthetic glues. Animal glues include bone and casein glues. Let us immediately note that preparing bone glue for work requires quite a lot of time, but this disadvantage is more than compensated by its advantages. It is advantageous to use it when a large volume of work is performed. The joints glued with this glue are very strong, which distinguishes it from others, even expensive ones, such as BF-2. The glued parts can withstand loads of up to 60 kg per 1 square meter. cm, which is several times higher than that of other adhesives. And finally, tiles of dry wood glue can be stored indefinitely; they practically do not deteriorate.

Wood glue should be prepared in a special glue cooker. The glue cooker consists of two tin vessels, one of which (the wider one) is filled with water, and the second (smaller in size) is filled with glue and placed in the first one. The glue gun can be successfully replaced with ordinary tin cans, one of which is larger than the other. Such a device (water bath) prevents the glue from burning and can maintain heat for a long time. To make bone glue, first break the dry glue into small pieces and add water. Let the glue swell for 10-12 hours, and then let it cook. For cooking liquid glue For 4 parts by weight of dry glue, take 3-4 parts of water. The glue should be heated, stirring, so that the entire mass is obtained without clots or grains. Do not bring the glue to a boil; this may reduce its adhesiveness and durability. Determine the readiness of the glue by dipping a stick into it.

The glue is ready if it flows slowly from the stick in a thick, even stream. If the glue turns out to be too thick during cooking, you can dilute it hot water. When working they use hot glue, if it has cooled down a little, it can be heated in a water bath. Do not brew a large amount of glue at once. Brew as much as you need to carry out the work; reheating already hardened glue worsens its properties. When preparing bone glue, you can also give it fire-resistant properties. To do this, dissolve 100 g of glue in 200 g of water and cook it in a glue cooker until you get a thick composition, and then add 40 g of drying oil to it and boil it again. An increase in the adhesiveness of the composition can be achieved by adding zinc or lead white to the glue at a ratio of 25:2.

When preparing casein glue, take 300-400 g of water at room temperature and pour 100 g of glue powder into it. The adhesive powder must be poured into the water gradually, stirring constantly until a homogeneous creamy mass is formed. The finished mixture will be thick at first and should be set aside for some time to liquefy. There is no need to add water to the mixture. The finished glue should flow from the stick in a continuous stream, leaving a thin shiny film on it. Remember that casein glue is not heated, since at temperatures above 40 °C casein coagulates and loses its adhesive properties. You can prepare adhesive powder at home, provided you have the necessary ingredients. The glue contains 7 parts by weight of dry casein powder and 1 part by weight of borax (sodium boric acid).

To prepare glue from such a powder you will need 8 parts by weight of water. Pour in casein cold water in a 1:1 ratio and leave for 3 hours. Dissolve borax in hot water and pour the resulting solution over the swollen casein. Stir continuously until you get a fairly thick, homogeneous mass. Parts glued with casein glue are kept under pressure for 4 hours, but the glue finally dries only after 12 hours. The big advantage of casein glue is that it can glue wood high humidity. Wood can also be glued with other adhesives, such as synthetic wood glue, various resin adhesives and some other uses, please read the instructions carefully.

Sometimes it is necessary to glue plastic, leather, leatherette, decorative plywood, fabric or synthetic film onto a wooden surface. Plywood can be firmly glued to wood with casein or synthetic wood glue. You can also glue plywood with tile wood glue, but it creates a noticeable dark-colored seam. Do not apply a layer of glue directly to thin plywood as it may shrink. It is better to cover the surface of the wood with a layer of glue, and then place a plywood sheet on it and press it tightly on top with pressure. The pressure should be approximately 8 kg and should lie under pressure for about 7-8 hours.

To glue plastic, use rubber-based adhesives. These can be adhesives such as 88N, Zh-3, KR-1, "Elastosila-2". Before gluing, it is necessary to carefully treat the surface of the wood or plastic.

Clean the wood from dust, and sand the back side of the plastic until the plastic becomes slightly rough. Be especially careful around corners and edges. Then wipe the treated surface of the plastic with a swab dipped in gasoline to degrease it. Apply a thin layer of glue to both surfaces to be glued and connect them. Pressing the plastic firmly against the wood, run your hands from the middle to the edges to squeeze out all the air from under the plastic, and then place something heavy on the plastic so that the pressure is evenly distributed over the entire surface to be glued, at least 4-5 kg ​​per 1 sq. . see. Leave the oppression for half an hour. These glues are completely cured within 24 hours.

To glue fabric, leather, leather substitutes to a wooden base, use adhesives: “Oak”, “Unicum”, BF-6, “Polyvinyl acetate”.

Also, at home, if you have the necessary components, you can prepare a high-quality adhesive composition. For this you will need 400 g of wheat flour, 30 g of rosin, 15 g of aluminum alum and 100 g of water. Mix the dry ingredients, add water and place on low heat, or better yet, use a glue boiler. While preparing the glue, do not forget to stir it periodically to prevent lumps from forming. As soon as the glue begins to thicken it is ready. Make sure that the adhesive composition is uniform. This glue is used only when hot. Leathers and leather substitutes (without fabric base) degrease synthetic films with acetone and gasoline. Fabrics in pre-treatment do not need before gluing. Cover both surfaces with glue and iron with a warm iron through a wet cloth until dry.

It is better not to glue fabrics and synthetic films with BF-6 and “Polyvinyl acetate” adhesives, since BF-6 glue can show through the front surface and color the fabrics yellowish. Polyvinyl acetate glue is destroyed by water.

It is best to glue metal parts to wood using rubber adhesives, such as Zh-3, KR-1, 88-N, 88-NP, Patex, Elastosila-2. If you need to stick to wooden surface small metal objects (hooks, shelves), we would not recommend using the first three of the named brands of adhesives. These adhesives form so-called “creeping joints”, that is, under the influence of loads, a metal object will move off the wooden surface. Before gluing, file the surface of the metal to make it rough, and then degrease it with gasoline or acetone. Apply a thin layer of adhesive to both surfaces to be glued, clamp the parts in a vice and leave for a few minutes. The glue will finally dry in 10-12 hours.

For gluing smooth surfaces, use the same adhesives, glue "Elastosila-2".

Apply a thin layer of glue to surfaces previously degreased with acetone and leave for one hour. After this, wipe the surfaces with a swab soaked in acetone and connect them. Clamp the glued parts in a vice for 4-5 hours. The glue will finally harden in 10-12 hours.

Glass is most often glued with adhesives such as Polyvinyl Acetate, Mars, Super Cement, BF-2, Patex, Unicum. These adhesives form virtually colorless seams and are not destroyed by moisture. Before gluing, degrease the glass with acetone, apply a thin layer of glue to the surfaces to be glued and let it dry a little for 10 minutes. Apply a second layer and after 2-3 minutes connect the parts to be glued. The parts should be pressed tightly against each other for 20-30 minutes. The glue hardens completely only after a day.

To glue glass and metal together, take “Glue-sealant”, “Elastosila-2”, “Unicum”. Degrease both surfaces, lubricate with glue and clamp the parts in a clamp for 30 minutes. The glue will finally harden and become waterproof after three days.

You can glue glass to wood, as well as glue fabric or cardboard onto it using PVA, PVA-A, or Polyvinyl Acetate adhesives. Degrease the glass with acetone, lubricate the surfaces with glue and place the parts under the press for an hour. The glue will dry in a day.

At home, BF-2 or Epoxy glue is used for gluing metals. Clean surfaces from dust, dirt, rust using sandpaper. Rinse treated surfaces clean water and dry well. Degrease surfaces with gasoline or acetone. Apply a thin layer of glue to the surface and leave it there for an hour. Then place the blanks coated with glue in the oven, heated to 50-60 oC, and dry for 10-15 minutes. Apply a second layer of glue to the metal and, as soon as it begins to dry (no longer sticks to your fingers), connect the parts to each other. It is better if you clamp the parts in a vice and dry them in the oven at a temperature of 130-150 oC for 1-2 hours. Cold drying
It hardens completely only after 2-3 days.

Epoxy glue is indispensable in some cases. It consists of two components, resin and hardener.

When using it, work with gloves, as the hardener is poisonous; If you get hardener on your hands, remove it with a swab soaked in acetone, and then wash your hands with running water. Before mixing the resin and hardener, it is advisable to heat the resin in a bowl with hot water, but not higher than 30 ° C. Mix warm resin with hardener in the ratio specified in the instructions, and use the prepared glue as you would others.

Also read in this section:

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All photos from the article

If you have already had or are yet to do any joinery or carpentry work, then most likely the question of how to glue wood to wood or other materials is quite relevant for you. Construction market Today it is saturated with a variety of compositions from different manufacturers and having different characteristics.

What we have left to do is right choice. Therefore, we invite you to take a closer look at the different adhesives, and also watch the video in this article, which will help you consolidate the material you have read.

Adhesive compositions

Note. If you are interested in what glue to use to glue wood to wood or other heterogeneous materials, you should know that there are at least four types of compositions. These are glutinous, casein, synthetic and synthetic resin adhesives.

Glutinous

Adhesives that belong to the glutinous type include:

• flesh - it is obtained from cartilage, tendons, pieces of tanned leather, flesh, and so on, that is, the subcutaneous layer of animals;
• bone - naturally, it is made from bones, where the first type of product is called gelatin, and the second - wood glue;
• fish is the second grade of product and all waste is used for it, such as scales, heads, bones, skins and the like.

General technical characteristics:

• Glutin compositions can be sold in the form of dry tiles, or in galerts - this is a frozen jelly mass that contains approximately 65% ​​water. The second option (galerta) is extremely capricious - due to the high water content, especially in the hot season, it rots quite quickly;
• if tiles (whole or crushed) are sold in regular plastic bags(sealed), then the galerta has to be packaged in barrels and put up for sale in this form;
• It should be borne in mind that all glutinous compositions absorb moisture very well, therefore, the instructions recommend preparing them for no more than 1-2 days of work and storing the solution in a cold place;
• Gluten is responsible for the absorption of water - the more of it, the more intense the absorption. Bone glue absorbs moisture 3-7 times more than its total mass, and flesh glue - 6-10 times, and the full swelling cycle occurs from 12 to 24 hours, respectively;
• If in the question of what kind of glue to glue wood with, you settled on a glutinous composition, then you should take into account that the tiles must be hard, transparent and fragile - this determines its quality.