Types of dismantling work. Types of dismantling work in construction About the semi-mechanical method

End-of-life buildings are not just “bulk waste” that needs to be removed to free up valuable space, but also objects that have considerable economic potential. Therefore, for their dismantling they are used special techniques, allowing you to maximize this potential, and most importantly, prevent valuable resources from being destroyed in the process.

The task is very urgent, since buildings that have reached the end of their service life are a burden for the owner. They occupy territory that could be used more efficiently, and are also a source of a whole group of risk factors associated with the presence of decommissioned objects on the territory (security costs, risk of looting, settlement of homeless people, etc.)

It all depends on the type of building

First of all, it should be noted that proper dismantling of a building requires serious preparation and a series of surveys on site. Approaches to dismantling buildings differ significantly depending on the following parameters:

• The materials from which the object is made. In particular, different approaches used for brick, reinforced concrete and metal structures. For dismantling wooden structures special techniques are used.
• Object dimensions. The approach to work and the selection of equipment used for dismantling depend on the number of floors of the building, the area it occupies, and the presence of various underground communications.
• Purpose of the object. Industrial, residential and commercial properties are dismantled in different ways.
• Situational factors. Depending on the location of the object, additional restrictions are imposed. For example, for the demolition of buildings in the immediate vicinity of residential buildings, noise restrictions apply.

Main stages of building dismantling

• Stage zero – carrying out preliminary surveys at the site. Experts evaluate the building's features and the condition of the structures. Special attention is given to emergency hazards to eliminate risks during demolition.
• The first stage is the removal of all objects that can be dismantled. The building must be thoroughly cleared of any equipment and any objects located inside the premises. To do this, teams of workers sequentially go through all the premises and carry out dismantling. The joinery is also subject to dismantling. During the cleaning of a building, many objects are often discovered that can be recycled (for example, scrap of various metals).
• The second stage is the dismantling of the above-ground part of the structure. To perform this work, heavy equipment (excavators) is used, which gradually dismantle the structure from top to bottom. If the building is made of reinforced concrete or metal structures, steel connections are cut and then disassembled using an excavator. The most critical and labor-intensive stage, requiring the use of various heavy equipment. Depending on the height of the building, light excavators can be used for gradual floor-by-floor dismantling (using a construction crane, the excavator is placed on the roof of the building and begins dismantling, moving in a spiral) or equipment for dismantling from the ground (using long booms). When performing all types of work, strict adherence to technology and safety precautions is required.
• The third stage is the dismantling of the underground part of the structure (basement floors and foundation). For these works, powerful excavators are also used, with the help of which the building pit is cleaned.
• The fourth stage is backfilling the pit and leveling the site. After completing these works, the site becomes suitable for the construction of new buildings, laying roads and carrying out any construction and installation work.
• The final fifth stage is waste sorting and disposal. After dismantling, a lot of different waste remains, a significant part of which has economic potential. This waste is sorted and processed in a certain way, then removed from the site. As a result, the owner is able to partially offset the costs of dismantling work.

What useful types of waste can be obtained after dismantling

Most common useful waste are:

• Fight building materials: , .
• Scrap metal structures
• Scrap of non-ferrous metals (in particular, copper scrap when dismantling electrical wiring in a building)
• Wood waste

It should be borne in mind that immediately after dismantling, all types of waste are highly contaminated and unsorted, since the process of destruction of the building itself does not involve careful removal of various wastes. Therefore, the price of such primary waste will be quite low. To obtain the highest possible income from the disposal of a building, it is necessary to carry out a number of works on cleaning, sorting and post-processing of waste. For example, after crushing and sorting into fractions, the price of crushed concrete almost triples.

Before starting construction or renovation, it is necessary to make room for the construction of new structures, clean surfaces of old coatings, break down unnecessary partitions, remove old electrical wiring and deteriorated pipes. To perform these tasks, dismantling work is carried out.

Dismantling is not just about demolishing old structures. Dismantling work consists of a complex of labor-intensive operations that are carried out with high, sometimes jewellery, precision.

One of the conditions correct execution dismantling – safety of the surrounding territory and the construction objects or structural elements of the building located on it. There are two types of dismantling: complete and partial.

Complete dismantling is the demolition of the entire structure, clearing the area for the construction of new structures, and removal of construction waste. Complete dismantling of buildings is carried out in three ways:

1. Gentle disassembly. Labor-intensive process requiring large volumes manual types works This method is advisable to use for the demolition of wooden buildings or in the case of planned reuse of building structures.
2. Mechanized demolition. The collapse of a structure is carried out using construction equipment - excavators, bulldozers, cranes.
3. Detonation. The building is destroyed by explosion. This method is the fastest and most effective, but requires complex preparation, precise engineering calculations, careful compliance with safety regulations, and the involvement of high-class specialists.

Before demolition, everything is studied technical documentation on the building, the soil is examined, the presence of nearby objects and access roads for heavy equipment is taken into account, and the risks for nearby houses are assessed.

Complete dismantling of buildings is carried out only with the permission of the relevant supervisory authorities by specialized organizations.

Partial dismantling

Partial dismantling work includes all types of actions to demolish or rebuild the structures of a house, office building or apartment. This could be: partial or complete dismantling of walls, partitions, floors, dismantling of plumbing, plumbing and sewer pipes, windows and doors, removal of old plaster, facing tiles and other operations aimed at preparing for the installation and arrangement of new structural elements of the building.

When planning repairs, you must remember that there are works that are prohibited. Housing Code. These include: demolition of load-bearing walls, dismantling of communal pipelines of gas supply systems, heat supply, drainage, sewerage, ventilation.

Dismantling walls that are not load-bearing (partitions), punching doors and window openings in main walls, dismantling local engineering communications for the purpose of relocating them - such work is possible only after agreeing on the redevelopment project and obtaining permission from the relevant authorities.

Without approval, the homeowner has the right to dismantle the plumbing (without subsequently changing the location of the bathroom), remove plaster, wallpaper, dismantle built-in cabinets and mezzanines, dismantle interior doors and other minor works that do not violate the design parameters of the building.

Preparation for dismantling work

During the dismantling process, a lot of dust and dirt is generated. Therefore, you need to remove furniture from the rooms, household appliances and other interior items. Neighbors should be notified about the start of work so that there are no noise complaints from them.

It is necessary to ensure the availability of electricity in the apartment for the uninterrupted operation of power tools. In this case, the wires passing through the partitions to be dismantled are cut off and their ends are insulated. If the old electrical wiring has to be removed, then the apartment, on the contrary, is completely de-energized.

Another important point: if it is planned to demolish partitions nearby water pipes, then you need to turn off the water in the apartment. Dismantling drainage or sewer systems requires completely turning off the water in the entrance.

It is better to curtain interior doors thick fabric, otherwise dust from broken partitions or removed plaster will go into the “clean rooms”.

How does the dismantling process work?

Let's consider a common option when a redevelopment is planned in an apartment by combining rooms and combining a bathroom. In this case, they start by dismantling the walls. You can read more about this in articles about and. At the same time it gets lost tiles in the kitchen and bathroom.

In rooms where it is planned only cosmetic repairs, remove old wallpaper from the walls, clean off paint and old plaster. The resulting garbage is collected in bags and taken out.

Important! Construction waste should not be thrown near the house. It must be taken to places specially designated for this purpose. The law provides for fines for throwing construction waste near residential buildings.

The partition between the toilet and the bathroom is carefully broken, after shutting off the water in the apartment. The demolition of the wall is usually carried out from the side of the bathroom, since there are more plumbing pipes there.

After dismantling the partitions and tiles, they begin to dismantle the floors. Wooden floors are being cleaned circular saw, cement screed dismantled using a jackhammer or other convenient tools.

After completion of dismantling operations construction waste loaded into a special container and taken to a landfill.

It is advisable to complete all work as soon as possible so as not to create discomfort for neighbors. If you order services for dismantling structures from a specialized organization, the inconvenience will be minimal: professional skills and availability necessary equipment will allow craftsmen to quickly and efficiently complete the work.

Our offers

The MosKomplekt company carries out dismantling work of any complexity. We offer all types of services for the repair, redevelopment and finishing of houses, apartments, and administrative buildings. Our construction teams are equipped with everything necessary tool and equipment.

Our prices

The table shows indicative prices. The final cost is determined by an individual estimate.

Conventionally, all dismantling of buildings and structures can be divided into several types and methods. Each method has its own distinctive features. The main methods of dismantling buildings include:

• dismantling buildings element by element
• demolition of buildings using machinery
• demolition of buildings using blasting.

But there are five types of dismantling:

• dismantling of wooden buildings (the simplest type of dismantling)
• dismantling of metal structures (used as disassembly by element or disassembly using technology)
• complete / partial dismantling of structures (complete - demolition of the entire house, partial - demolition of individual walls, partitions)
• dismantling the foundation of a building (considered a separate type of dismantling work)
• dismantling of industrial facilities (a special feature is a multitude of associated standard buildings, the demolition of which must be carried out comprehensively).

Many companies provide building dismantling services, and most of them work on a turnkey basis. Dismantling services include not only dismantling work, but also organizing waste removal and subsequent disposal.

It must be remembered that dismantling work is one of the most dangerous and complex types works, therefore dismantling work must be performed by highly qualified professionals with extensive experience in such work from a special company that is licensed to provide this type of service. Also, for successful dismantling, advanced technology for dismantling buildings must be used, which will not only allow dismantling in short terms, but also to secure this type of work.

If you need to dismantle any building, but you are unable to cope with it, contact us for help.

Dismantling work is a process that includes dismantling, demolition or partial destruction of the building structure, carried out due to the unsuitability of use of the building or with the planning of subsequent repairs. Work shall only be carried out in accordance with a design previously drawn up by a competent engineer.

When dismantling load-bearing walls, it is especially important to observe finished project. Depending on the material from which the wall is made, the method of carrying out the work differs.

Dismantling partitions is used to increase space in the room. It provides for the gradual dismantling of non-load-bearing walls in order to avoid the collapse of partitions onto the floor. It is also important not to damage electrical wiring and other communications.

Those who decide to remodel a house, apartment, or office cannot do without dismantling work. It is unlikely that you will be able to do this yourself, since dismantling buildings involves a labor-intensive and serious process that is best entrusted to qualified workers. Professionals use special technologies, which allow for dismantling work of wooden, brick, cinder block houses.

This is not an easy job that requires certain skills and abilities, and it should only be carried out by people who have the appropriate documents confirming permission for this process. It is necessary to prepare special equipment and personnel in advance, and also take care of safety measures, since dismantling work of buildings and structures is a dangerous species activities.

Dismantling work quickly and efficiently

IN lately Often, individual walls are dismantled, rather than the entire building. Thus, the cost of the work will also depend on the material from which the wall is made. The worse the material, the cheaper the dismantling work will cost. Reinforced concrete walls are considered the most expensive to maintain. IN block houses many prefer to carry out dismantling work in order to increase living space by connecting rooms with balconies. You don't have to worry about remodeling your home. The main thing is to know where they are load-bearing walls. And the removal of plasterboard partitions does not even require special permission. Therefore, you can safely carry out dismantling work and remodel the apartment or house at your discretion.

Debris from destruction is the inevitable consequence that dismantling work leaves behind. According to the law, it is prohibited to throw such waste into household waste containers. Therefore, after such work, it is necessary to place this waste in special bags and take it to a disposal site. It is advisable to entrust the dismantling work of buildings to competent workers, whose services are offered by many construction companies.

Various types of services

Today, dismantling work is carried out using a variety of devices, such as a hammer drill, an angle grinder, grinder. Specialists carry out a number of works that help carry out redevelopment of any level of complexity. Typically this process includes:

• dismantling of floors, brick and concrete partitions;
• removing plaster;
• laying holes for electrical points;
• removal of wallpaper, tiles;
• dismantling window doors;
• dismantling of plasterboard structures.

Dismantling is a kind of pre-repair work that requires good preparation of all walls and ceilings in the room. The work is carried out within a strictly allotted time, in compliance with all laws and regulations. Therefore, before starting these activities, it is better to consult with qualified specialists.