Manufacturing and fastening wooden steps to the stairs. How to make steps to the porch with your own hands: choosing material, shape and type Side steps to the house

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The porch must be attached to the house if the height of the basement of the foundation does not allow you to immediately leave the room. By choosing the optimal option for a wooden porch, not only does the comfort of using the building increase, but also its appearance improves.

There are a huge number of design options, but there are only two architectural options.

We will tell you step-by-step instructions for creating both types, indicating features and secrets construction work. But first we should consider General requirements to all elements of the porch.

Requirements of building codes and regulations for structures

1. Site requirements.

   

   It can be located on separate vertical supports or fixed to the façade wall on one side. There is one recommendation regarding the size - the width should allow at least two people to separate without any problems, in most cases 1.5 meters is enough. In addition, the platform must allow the door to be opened by a person entering from outside.

   

   There is one limitation in height - the level of the platform must be three to five centimeters below the level of the bottom plane of the doors. This is explained by the fact that the porch in winter period time will rise, if you do not make a gap, then the doors may jam. For safety reasons, the entrance doors must be opened outwards, and the difference in height eliminates the negative consequences of heaving of the earth during freezing/unfreezing.

2. Requirements for steps.

   

   The width of the staircase is at least a meter, the height is approximately 16–18 cm, the length of the steps is 25–32 cm. How to calculate the parameters of the steps? For example, the height of the platform is 120 cm, divide this value by 18 cm and get 120:18 = 6.66. We round to the nearest whole number, in the end we should have 7 steps. The distance between them is 120:7 = 17.14 cm. You can make six steps 17 cm high, and the last or first 17 + (0.14 × 6) = 17.8 cm. This makes it much easier to make porch parts. If you have chosen the length and width of the steps to be 30 cm, then the lower support point of the stairs should be at a distance of 7 × 30 cm = 210 cm from the edge of the platform. That's all the calculations, simple and accessible, there is no need to study complex formulas.

   

Select only high-quality lumber for making a porch; avoid damage from pests, diseases, rotten knots and through cracks. Only moisture-resistant species: coniferous or hard trees. It is also not recommended to use boards with significant natural developmental defects.

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Construction boards

It is advisable to treat the materials several times with antiseptics.

Be sure to use reliable waterproofing for all elements with concrete surfaces.

Take all possible measures to prevent water from accumulating on steps and landings. You can make them with a slight slope or leave gaps of 2–3 mm between individual boards.

For final paint coating, use only quality paints. They must be wear-resistant, resistant to moisture and harsh ultraviolet radiation. Another requirement is that when painting surfaces, strictly follow the manufacturers’ recommendations; do not try to simplify the technology by skipping some steps. Remember that there are no wooden structures in the house that are used in such difficult conditions. It is very difficult to restore the original appearance of the paint; you will have to completely remove the old coating. Such work requires a lot of effort and time, and even completely getting rid of traces old paint rarely succeeds.

Foundation requirements

A wooden porch is placed on a separate foundation; there is no need to tie it to the existing ribbon under the house. Two types of foundations can be used for the structure: columnar or poured reinforced tile. Both are equivalent in load-bearing characteristics and performance indicators.

The main task of the foundations under the porch is to hold light weight. As for swelling, it is not economically feasible to combat this phenomenon. We have already said above that in order to eliminate negative consequences, the porch area is located below the plane of door opening. A columnar foundation will cost a little less, but there are more problems with it during installation. It is necessary to maintain the horizontal plane of all columns, after the concrete has hardened, adjust the bearing surface according to the water level, make formwork, etc.

If possible, it is better to pour a reinforced concrete slab approximately 5–10 cm thick. The slab, among other things, will prevent plants from growing under the porch. You will have to constantly fight them, and getting to them is difficult due to the small height of the structure.

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Concrete mixers

Step-by-step instructions for building a log porch

The most durable and strong design gives the house an original and solid look. You can make canopies from logs over the porch, enclose the area with railings with carved or turned balusters, and use other decorative elements in a rustic style.

To make such a porch, you will need not only materials, but also the ability to work with an ax, chisel holes, chop logs for locking, etc. The design of a chopped porch must prevent the accumulation of moisture in the internal joints, otherwise the likelihood of putrefactive processes increases sharply. Therefore, do not use the lower bowl when building a porch; the bowl should always lie upside down on the logs being connected. If it is difficult to chop the bowl, then make joints in the okhryap, they are much easier when chopping and allow you to use a chainsaw. Best tree for a wooden porch - larch or oak, but you can also use cheap conifers.

Step 1. Making a concrete base.

We chose the concrete slab option. Use pegs to mark the area according to the estimated dimensions of the porch, check the angles; if two diagonals have the same length, then the angles are 90°.

The depth of the hole for the slabs is within 30–40 cm; for backfilling, use a sand and gravel mixture. Level and compact each layer approximately 10 cm thick. It is recommended to water it with water before compacting.

For concrete, you can take 3–4 buckets of sand and gravel mixture per bucket of cement; the thickness of the slab is approximately 5–10 cm; be sure to use construction reinforcement of a periodic profile Ø 5–8 mm. To reduce the amount of moisture penetrating from the soil into the concrete, place two layers of roofing felt or other waterproofing material on the backfill. Prepare formwork from edged boards up to 10 cm wide and install it in place under the level.

Important. The upper edges of the formwork boards serve as guides during leveling of the concrete. To drain water, install formwork with a slope of approximately 2–3 cm from the foundation of the house.

Secure the position of the formwork with wooden or metal stops, driving them flush with the boards so that they do not interfere while leveling the concrete. Pour half the thickness of concrete into the formwork, level it and place the reinforcement, pour the second layer and level the top surface with an even block. Compact the mixture well and remove any air pockets. Leave the structure for 7–10 days to harden.

Level the mixture with a shovel and a rule

While the slab is gaining strength, you can begin preparing the lumber.

Step 2. Making blanks for the stairs and platform.

To work, you need to have logs with a diameter of at least 30 cm (the width of the step).

In this way, blocks are prepared both for the steps and for the platform.

Step 3. Adjust all the blocks for the steps to the same width.

We have already mentioned that the width of the steps can vary from 25 cm to 32 cm. Select the specific size taking into account the thickness of the logs in such a way as to reduce the amount of waste. Draw cutting lines on the front surface of the block, cut off the excess material with a saw or axe, and align the cut. To prevent subsequent chipping, chamfer slightly. In the same way, finish all the blanks for the platform and steps.

Step 4. Preparing the lower (side) logs.

The first porch crown consists of two side bottom logs, a step and a capping log. All logs must be sanded and the dark top layer removed with a scraper.

Place them on a concrete slab and measure out the same height. At the end, draw a horizontal line of the cut, transfer the dimensions to the side surfaces in the same way as was done during the manufacture of the blocks. Use a saw or ax to remove extra tree, level the surfaces.

Practical advice. Due to the fact that the concrete slab has a slope, mark the logs with the thick end outward. This will reduce the amount of wood removed during leveling.

To avoid mixing up the parts when assembling the porch, number them or otherwise mark them. To make the webbing easier, make small slits at a distance of approximately 2–3 cm.

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Chainsaw

Step 5. Marking the first crown.

Place the first step piece on the lower logs, align it in width, and measure the overall height. Due to the fact that we assumed the distance from the concrete to the platform of the first step to be 30 cm, measure the actual height of the assembled workpieces. The difference in values ​​gives us the depth of the castle. In the same way, mark the fixing log on the other side of the lining logs. Mark the width and position of the plane of the bowl. We have already mentioned that we choose the simplest option for connection.

Step 6. Making the bowl.

First, use a saw to cut along the lines to the depth of the bowl, then make several cuts in the middle. There is no need to cut to the full depth; leave a few millimeters to prevent mistakes. In the future, if necessary, the excess thickness will be removed. Make the same bowls on the lower logs.

Important. Under the lower logs, be sure to use pads made of any materials that do not absorb moisture. Cut them to size, drill holes and attach them to the bottom plane of the lining logs with screws or nails. The distance between the linings is approximately 40–50 cm.

Step 7. Making the second crown.

Lay the logs and measure how much you need to remove their ends so that the plane is horizontal. If there are differences of a few centimeters, no problem. This position will improve the flow of water from the steps. Using the method described above, mark the position of the bowls, mark the height of the excess logs, which will subsequently have to be removed. Cut a longitudinal groove and a bowl, install the side logs in place; there is no need to put anything in the groove. Check their position; if the upper crown is loose, then the cause of this phenomenon should be found and eliminated.

We check the horizontalness of each log

Step 8. Measuring and cutting out the second stage bowl.

Don't forget to incline. The protrusion of the second step above the ends of the logs should not exceed 2–3 cm, otherwise the effective width of the stairs will be significantly reduced. Do not forget that all bowls should be positioned bottom up, this means that it is not done in the lower longitudinal logs. Due to this technique, water does not accumulate in the recesses, the wood dries quickly and is not subject to putrefactive processes.

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To prevent the steps from moving, fasten them with long wood screws, two on each side. For screws, you first need to drill holes with a diameter 1–2 mm less than the diameter of the metal body. Make the heads of the hardware flush with the surface of the step.

Before final fixation, check the position of the steps again, including the slope. Control the quality of the hew with a level. There is no need to achieve a perfectly flat surface, the main thing is that the elements are stable. Small gaps speed up the removal of moisture, which has a positive influence on the condition of the wood. Use the same technology to make and install all the crowns. The quantity depends on the size of the porch. At the last crown, logs are laid under the platform. The last crown is fixed to the penultimate one with dowels, the process is the same as during the construction of a log house.

Practical advice. To make it easier to make a bowl in the blocks of the platform, stitch the logs of the upper crown along the same width. This will allow you not to measure each bowl separately, but to make it the same for all elements.

Level the upper surface of the platform with a plane. At the same time, finally trim the ends of the logs of the platform and steps. Stretch the thread between the outer ones, make marks and saw off the protruding end parts with a saw.

Step 9. Installation of railings.

For the racks you can use turned balusters, the height is approximately 1 meter. To securely attach the racks to the steps, you need to make a spike, measurements approximately 5x5 cm. The spike is inserted into the hole in the steps and logs of the platform.

Important. The tenon should fit into the groove with force; do not rush to immediately adjust all the balusters to the same size. Exact adjustment is done for each separately.

The railings can be attached to the balusters with metal squares, self-tapping screws, or you can also make a tongue/groove connection. The specific fixation option depends on the shape of the railings and balusters. Spikes are much easier to make on a circular saw. Mark the start and end lines of the tenon on the machine table; this will speed up the work and eliminate mistakes. Using an ax, remove the sawn sections and slightly level the surfaces of the tenons.

How to choose holes for tenons in steps?

1. Mark the position of the holes. Make marks under the stretched rope; they should all lie strictly along the same line.
2. Drill holes in the steps, in the corners with a small diameter drill (about Ø 20 mm), and drill in the middle with a large drill. Make sure the tool is in vertical position, otherwise there will be big problems. The defect will have to be corrected; during corrections, the size of the hole will inevitably increase. To prevent the balusters from wobbling, you need to place wooden wedges, but over time they dry out and the strength of the connection is compromised.
3. Use a chisel to make holes. This work is difficult and long, but do not despair. The first hole will take a lot of time, then experience will appear and the work will progress much faster. To prevent the bottom of the step from falling under the hole during chiselling, remove it and place it so that the place under the hole rests on a flat board. To control the size of the holes, you can make a template with the sizes of the tenons. It can be used to check not only linear dimensions, but also verticality.

Step 10. Installation of racks.

A wooden porch decorated with carved railings and balusters is more of a decorative structure that plays a functional role than vice versa.

Such an extension gives the residential building a complete and attractive appearance, simplifies entry and exit from the house, and protects the front door from the effects of precipitation.

In this article we will tell you how to make steps for a porch from wood, what material is best to use for this and how to carry out the necessary calculations.

What kind of wood can I use?

Wooden porch steps

Wooden porch steps are made from various types of wood:

It is most preferable to use larch or oak, since products made from such materials will have high resistance to mechanical damage and abrasion.

Oak is ideal for manufacturing. The only drawback is the high price of the board per linear meter.

• Planed board made of larch or pine;
• Terrace board or DCP.

Planed boards for porch steps are processed wood, dried to a certain moisture content. Typically, humidity ranges from 10 to 18%.

You can purchase planed boards for manufacturing various sizes. Fabrics 40x400x200 or 40x300x1200 millimeters are best suited - these dimensions allow you to make steps to suit almost any width of the porch.

Terrace board is a more reliable and durable coating that visually resembles natural wood.

The wood-polymer board has a corrugated surface, which significantly reduces slipping when ascending or descending from the porch

Porch steps made of DCP, in comparison with a regular board, have a number of advantages:

• The surface of the decking board has a corrugated surface, which prevents slipping, even under the influence of precipitation;
• Steps made of this material do not creak or deform, maintaining their reliability;
• Do not require periodic treatment with special water-repellent compounds;
• Can be used in almost any climate;
• No detergents are required for cleaning;
• Easy to install.

The only disadvantage of steps made from DCP is their price, which is several times higher than products made from usually planed boards.

For example, terrace board from Mixwood will cost 1,600 rubles per sq.m. with a workpiece length of 2.2 meters. The cost of a pine blank will be only 700-800 rubles for a 2-meter sheet.

Carrying out the necessary calculations

Formulas for calculating the total number of steps

Before you buy required material and start making steps from wood, you should calculate their total number and the height of the risers.

This will help you estimate how much material and fasteners will be needed for further work.

First of all, it is necessary to determine the height of the stairs, which is located from the bottom of the structure to the porch landing. If there is no concrete or wood surface provided at the bottom of the porch, then the calculation will be carried out directly from the ground surface.

The height is calculated based on the height of future risers. The optimal height of the risers is in the range from 15 to 20 cm. At a lower height, the step will be lost when lifting. With more, on the contrary, it will be difficult to descend.

Based on these data, you can select an approximate height and carry out further calculations.

The total quantity is calculated using the following formula:

• Total number of steps = height of porch stairs / height of one riser;
• For example - 200 / 18 = 11.11.

That is, for our riser and stair height, 11 whole steps will be enough.

For values ​​like in our example, you can do the following - make the first element a little lower or adjust the number of steps to an even value, slightly increasing the height of the riser.

Calculation of the optimal tread width

Formula for calculating the optimal tread width

According to accepted standards, minimum size the tread should be at least 23-25 ​​cm. It is with these dimensions that a person will not experience discomfort and uncertainty when going down the steps.

The optimal tread width is in the range from 27 to 31 cm. A further increase in the width will lead to unnecessary discomfort when climbing. Simply put, it is desirable that when descending or ascending a person can stand on the step completely.

To calculate, you can use the following formula:

That is, it turns out that for our height (see previous calculations) of 18 centimeters, the optimal tread width is 30 cm.

Required tools and materials

Calculation data for marking stringers and guides

For manufacturing and installation wooden steps The following tools may be required for the porch:

• Hammer and screwdriver;
• Electric jigsaw or saw;
• Tape measure, square and building level;
• Self-tapping screws, bolts and nails;
• Paint brush;
• Sandpaper, wood impregnation, varnish or stain;
• Galvanized corners.

The main materials, as mentioned above, are either planed or wood-polymer boards.

To make a stringer, if one was not built in advance, you can use a planed board 50-60 mm thick. A similar material is suitable for making guides for steps.

Manufacturing and installation technology of steps

When starting to manufacture wooden steps, you should check the general structure of the porch structure.

It is important that there is no damage, rotting wood, cracks, etc. on the various structural elements. If such defects are present, it is recommended to partially or completely replace the damaged elements.

The general technology for manufacturing and installing steps for a wooden porch will consist of the following steps:

1. Production of stringers and guides from planed boards 50-60 mm thick. We make contour markings of future elements on the board. After marking and checking all four elements (2 - stringers, 2 - guides), we cut out with a hand saw or an electric jigsaw.

Marking the stringer according to specified dimensions

According to the applied markings, we carry out cutting using an electric jigsaw

General diagram illustrating possible fastenings of the stringer to the platform beam

Making steps from planed boards according to a template

Drilling recesses for countersunk screws

Possible methods of fastening using various fasteners

In addition to the above option, finishing the porch of a house can be done using other materials. To view the list available solutions you can read a separate article.

Additional processing and coatings

For additional finishing and processing of steps, balusters, railings and other wooden elements of the porch, the following coatings can be used:

• Water-repellent impregnation;
• Decorative and protective gel;
• One-component alkyd-polyurethane resin;
• Opaque stain or varnish for exterior use.

It is recommended to apply any of the above coatings only after drying all wooden elements for two to three weeks. warm time of the year.

If the elements being processed were made from dried wood, then processing can be carried out immediately after completion of construction work.

Steps for a wooden porch - technology for calculating, manufacturing and installing products

We build a porch with our own hands with wooden steps

Construction country houses, cottages and country houses is becoming a trend modern life. The presence of interesting technologies and new technologies in the construction industry modern materials makes it possible not only to build new buildings, but to beautifully and efficiently update and repair old buildings, modernizing them in the spirit of the times. Today we'll talk about the porch. This is something no one can do without. Vacation home. The porch is the entrance to the house, and at the same time the logical conclusion of the interior of the house. Therefore, it must be beautiful, durable and fit organically into the surrounding landscape.

The porch can be built-in, attached and simplified. The classic option is a platform, steps and a canopy over the door.

What is a porch made of?

Options for making a porch can be the following:

The combined option is the most interesting in design, so today is very popular. Although even a wooden porch can be considered combined option, since it necessarily requires a foundation, which often has a concrete base. A staircase made of concrete formwork with wooden steps looks unusual and interesting. Here we will take a closer look at how to make a wooden porch with your own hands step by step.

Wooden porch

The main requirement for a porch is its reliability; convenience, comfort and beauty are the next priority. The ideal material for the stairs would be oak or ash. These are the most durable wood species. But when it comes to replacing an old, rotten porch, they usually use simpler materials. Any board will do here thickness 30 – 40 – 50 mm, the main thing is that the wood is dried and processed. This is especially true for supports. In order for the porch to serve for a long time and safely, it is necessary to impregnate the supports with an antiseptic substance against rotting. So, we begin to make a new porch with our own hands.

Preparation and choice of option

1. First you need to do some calculations:

• determine the height of the porch (B);
• determine the angle of inclination of the steps (Y);
• calculate how many steps there should be.

Example. If the height of the future staircase is 50 cm, then the length of the inclined load-bearing beam can be calculated using the formula: D=B/sinY. At an angle of 30 degrees we get D = 100 cm.

Taking into account the recommendations of the standards, which state that the most comfortable step should have the following parameters: depth about 30 cm, height about 17 cm, we determine that 100 cm/30 cm gives us 3 steps. It turns out that for each of the steps there will be Z = 33 cm of beam length. Let's check future steps for depth and height.

Depth = Z * cosY = 29.7 cm, height = Z * sinY = 16.5 cm. Dimensions are close to optimal.

The angle of inclination of the steps is very important so that water does not accumulate on them, and the number of steps in the stairs must be made odd.

It is necessary to determine what will serve as a load-bearing beam: a bowstring or a stringer. If the staircase should look solid, then do follows the string. The string consists of two load-bearing beams, the steps are attached inside them. The steps are attached to the stringer so that their edges are clearly visible from the end.

If it is difficult to draw a drawing, then you can make a sketch by hand, indicating the dimensions of the landing, flights, flights of stairs and railings.

A flight of stairs consists of treads and risers. The foot rests on the tread, the riser holds the tread. The width of the platform should be at least 70 cm, but 110 cm is considered comfortable and optimal.

The thickness of the board depends on the width of the flight in a ratio of 1:20, which means that the wider the platform, the thicker the board for the treads is needed. Sufficient for risers board 2–2.5 cm thick.

Can be done concrete formwork, but for a wooden house porch, the option of installing piles is more suitable. It's simple and reliable.

1. If the staircase has more than 3 steps, then handrails are needed.

Sometimes they are also made for the aesthetic appearance of the porch.

Foundation installation

For supports, we prepare timber or hand-sanded tree trunks. First, we treat them with an antiseptic (you can use used machine oil or drying oil), then we wrap the lower part with roofing material and insert it into the dug holes. The pit must be at least 80 cm deep, their number is determined by the size of the porch.

Pits are made at the corners of the porch and along the length of the edges in increments of 80 to 100 cm. We install the support in a hole filled 30 cm with crushed stone, level it vertically and fill it with concrete. All piles must be at the same level. They need to be done so that the height difference between the landing and the door is at least 5 cm, otherwise the front door will no longer open well.

Preparing parts

We prepare logs for attaching to the supports and make a bowstring or stringer. Suitable for carrier guides board 5 cm thick. Draw a drawing of the steps on it and cut it out with a saw or jigsaw. You can first make a template from thin plywood or plastic, which will make working easier and faster.

Porch assembly

We attach the logs to the supports and to the wall of the house using self-tapping screws. We attach the string to the logs with a tongue-and-groove connection. We nail a board to the joists - sheathing. We begin to attach treads and risers to the string. We fasten the riser from the bottom step, then fix the tread, and so on until the end.

You can connect them together in several ways:

1. using screws in a hidden position;
2. cut grooves on the string for mortise steps;
3. to the corner.

Attachment to the bowstring is carried out either on a pre-stuffed block, or on a metal corner, or in a groove with glue. We attach the parts to the stringer with self-tapping screws to the ends of the cutouts.

For the convenience of climbing onto the porch, there are railings, which, in addition to safety, give the porch elegance and completeness of the structure. Therefore, it is very important to make them beautiful. For railings, they usually use different balusters or crossbars, which you can pick up in hardware stores or place your own order. There you can choose the type of wood.

The general design for the railings is as follows:

The height of the railing is regulated by standards: for teenagers 40–70 cm, for adults 90–110 cm. For your porch, you can choose the best option for yourself. Internal posts on the railings should be located no less than 60 cm apart. Since ready-made balusters are quite expensive, especially if a lot of them are required, they can be replaced with internal racks, which are easy to make with your own hands.

The last element of the porch is the canopy. It all depends on the taste and financial capabilities of the owner. More often, the porch is attached to a veranda, which already has some kind of roof, so the canopy is attached in accordance with it.

Stair processing

The finished wooden porch must be protected from external influences environment so that it serves its owners for a long time and reliably. The best option will Preliminary processing wooden parts of stairs with antiseptic followed by painting. Stain is recommended as a paint to highlight the structure of the wood, and alkyd paints are recommended water-based paints, which do not peel and withstand frost and moisture well. Nitro paints are unsuitable in this case, as are various varnishes. The film they created is already on next year will begin to peel off and ruin the entire appearance of your structure.

A porch made with your own hands will delight your eyes for a long time, creating an everyday, good mood.

The procedure for building a wooden porch with your own hands, and how to make comfortable steps from wood

Making wooden steps to the porch with your own hands

Before we tackle porch steps, let's take a look at the dictionary. Porch: what is it? Ozhegov, Shvedova: “External flooring in front of the front door of a house, usually under a canopy, with a step or ladder. Go up to the porch, go down from the porch, porch with railings.”

It was not in vain that we looked into the dictionary, this is a ready-made technical task!

Here's what to do:

Drawing and diagram of the porch

How to build a porch with your own hands: make a rise, its fencing and canopy

The staircase or steps to the porch have strict design requirements. First of all, to ensure safety. Knowing about them, having determined best option, you can save time and money. Let's see - based on the standards - how to properly make a porch with a beautiful and reliable rise.

Parameters: GOSTs, SNiPs and construction practice.

Porch design options

1. The slope of the porch stairs is from 30 to 40°.
2. The width of the steps for the passage of one person is 80 cm, in order to warm up - 120 cm. If the width is more than 2.5 m, additional railings are installed in the center.
3. The number of steps is always odd.
4. The optimal height from step to step (misdemeanor) is 17 (or from 15 to 18) cm. The first step must have a standard height.
5. Tread, or step depth, is 29–32 cm.
6. Overhang (tread protrusion) – no more than 50 mm.
7. To avoid stagnation of water, wooden steps for the porch are made with a slope of 2 mm.
8. Porch fencing is installed when ascending three or more steps, with a height from the sidewalk level of more than 45 cm. Height according to GOST: 90 cm.
9. If the porch is high, it is recommended to build a platform every 15 steps.
10. The porch foundation - in order to avoid uneven shrinkage - should not be rigidly attached to the foundation of the house (except in cases where both of them are poured at the same time).
11. Flooring is an essential part of the porch. Entrance doors always open outward: opening them directly from the stairs or leaving the house on the steps is extremely difficult. The size of the flooring along the front must be at least one and a half width front door.
12. A canopy or canopy over a porch is always 20 centimeters or more below the window sill of the 2nd floor.

We make the steps to the porch with our own hands, photo report:

Selection of design, design

A porch as a structural element of a building can be built into it or attached to it. Both options have both advantages and disadvantages. The built-in porch already has a foundation (common with the entire building), a canopy ( common roof) and flooring; the steps to the porch are closed on two or three sides. That's a plus. On the other hand, it takes away part of the internal volume and makes the wall fencing system more complex. This is most often a minus. The built-in porch looks more organic in voluminous houses with several floors. Of course, the steps here are wide.

An attached porch is an excellent option for small one- and two-story cottages and country houses. It diversifies the architectural appearance of the building and serves as a link between the structure and the landscape of the site. Naturally, the steps to the house should fit into the overall design, or - based on the tastes of the owner - on the contrary, add variety with their contrast.

The ideal option for constructing such a porch is when it is provided for by the project. This means that the foundation for it is already there. All that remains is to make steps for the porch, handrails and an awning. Yes, and a foundation with a support beam - a mauerlat, on which the lower step will rest.

The most common material is stairs with wooden steps and the same base. Wooden stairs on a concrete base are also common: this option can be a budget option in sparsely wooded areas. In the dictionary we saw the phrase: “to go up to the porch.” It means that everything should look smart. This is the main thing you need to focus on when building a staircase for a porch with your own hands, both from wood and from other materials. Therefore the sketch entrance group– the main thing is where to start. According to the sketch, a project or diagram with drawings is made: the basis of all calculations.

Calculation of stairs

Determine the number of steps for the stairs

It is necessary to determine the number of steps for the staircase, which will end with a deck in front of the front door. This can be done using a network staircase calculator, but to understand the logic of the calculation, we’ll do it manually.

1. Lifting height: 100 cm
2. Offense height: 17 cm
3. Step depth: 30 cm

The number of steps for a house is equal to the quotient of the rise height divided by the height of the step (step). 100 / 17 = 5.8. We round (always up), we get 6 steps. The last step is already the flooring; you don’t have to do it. We actually have five steps to the porch.

The reach of the porch staircase from the foundation (if it approaches it from the front) and the angle of elevation are calculated using the triangle formula on an online calculator. Our reach is 111.8 cm, the elevation angle is 41.81°. Lift angle is at its limit. You can reduce it. The tread height should be reduced and/or the tread depth should be increased. The comfort of a staircase for an average person can be calculated as follows: the sum of the depth of the step and the two heights of the step should be within 63 ± 3 cm. In our case, this value is 64 cm.

Kosour is a timber or board with platforms cut out for each step. A groove is selected on the bowstring board for each step, but wooden or metal supports. It should be noted that if the flight of stairs is more than 1.2 m wide, a central stringer is required. The length of such elements, the angle and distance between cuts or grooves/supports are calculated using a staircase calculator. So, the calculation of the steps of the porch has been made, and there are other data for the future staircase. Now it’s easy to calculate the required number of saws - and finishing materials, fasteners.

Preparatory work

Start of porch construction

The bottom of the porch stairs is at sidewalk level or garden path. To secure it, you need to build a foundation with a support beam-mauerlat. The foundation can be columnar, slab, strip - it depends on the type of soil and load. Waterproofing of the foundation and mauerlat is required. At the same time, you need to prepare the wooden elements. They will work in conditions of high and low humidity, so a mandatory condition is a three-layer impregnation with biopyrenes (a barrier for insects and rot with additional fire protection).

The best board for steps is made from hard wood that is not subject to rotting: oak, larch, exotic wood. It must be dry, and the quality must be at least grade 2. If the porch will be varnished, the presence of any defects on the front side of the steps is undesirable.

Stringer or bowstring, tread and railings do not experience the same loads as steps: pine is the best option for them. A single shade of the entire structure can be given with stain.

Tools

When making a porch, you will need carpentry and joinery tools, manual and electric. Saw, plane, axe, chisels, hammer, and also a screwdriver, Sander, router for grooves. A workbench and a carpenter's miter box are desirable. If you choose wooden steps for a concrete staircase, then you will need a special drill or concrete mixer to prepare the concrete.

Measuring tools – tape measure, ruler, squares, protractor. You will definitely need levels, including a water level.

Porch assembly

Start of porch assembly

A wooden staircase for the porch is assembled from elements prepared in advance: stringers or bowstrings, steps, steps. Grooves in bowstrings and stringers are cut out according to a template made of plywood, hardboard, or other durable thin material. The inclined elements are attached with the bottom side to the Mauerlat, and the top side is attached to the deck frame. The accuracy of their installation is critical. It will ensure the horizontal position of the stairs.

The steps should also be made according to the template. The best option when making wooden steps is to purchase ready-made blanks for them. Misdeeds are less critical parts; you can make them yourself. The side bars should be prepared for installing the railings.

Assembling the stairs to the porch starts from the bottom. The lowest step, misdemeanor, and so on are established. The accuracy of the junctions and the horizontality of the steps are constantly monitored. The fastener is installed in a concealed position, the hole is closed with a wooden plug with glue.

If the staircase is on stringers, installation to the porch does not take much time. Assembling a ladder on strings is more labor-intensive, especially if the steps are attached to the grooves with glue. It can be done on a separate site, and a ready-made staircase can be installed in place.

Details of the railing: support bars, lintels and the railing itself. Manufacturing on our own quite possible. If you plan to turn elements: balusters, balls for a support beam, it’s worth purchasing ready-made ones. Antiseptic treatment is required.

If there are children in the house, the distance between balusters or other vertical elements should not be more than 10 cm. It is not recommended to install horizontal lintels.

Canopy over the porch

The main types are: wall canopy and ground canopy. The first is mounted on brackets attached to the wall. Covered with the main roofing material. Covering with a lightweight polycarbonate sheet allows you to cover a large area without increasing the load on the walls. The brackets can be made of wood metal plates and corners, forged. The canopy is attached so that the covering is at a height of at least 50 cm above the entrance doors.

The canopy rests on the wall and pillars installed along the edges of the deck. The form and materials must be stylistically unified with the building.

Any type of canopy is equipped with drains. After assembly, all elements of the porch are cleaned of dust, burrs and chips are polished, and final finishing is performed.

Calculation and device wooden stairs for the porch does not present any great difficulties. The main thing is to ensure the strength of the structure. It should also be remembered that wooden porch steps require careful handling and maintenance. Coating defects that arise during operation must be eliminated in a timely manner: then the steps to your house will delight you and your guests for decades.

When using reference materials in full or in part, an active direct link is required.

What you need to know to install wooden steps, railings and a porch canopy

Wooden porch steps

When building an individual house, the developer very often finds himself faced with a dilemma: what material is best to make a porch from? Most often, the choice is made of wood, as the cheapest and most technologically advanced material.

Advantages of wooden steps

In our northern latitudes, wood is a traditional material for housing construction. This was primarily due to its excellent thermal insulation properties, as well as its widespread availability and low cost. Today, new materials and technologies that are in no way inferior to wood have appeared in the arsenal of private developers. However, wood is still a favorite material in private construction, including for the construction of a porch to a house.

Among the main advantages of wooden steps it should be noted:

• Environmentally friendly. Wood is the most environmentally friendly building material.
• Ease of operation. Working with wood is much easier than working with stone or metal. The construction of a wooden porch requires less qualifications, which allows you to carry out such work with your own hands.
• Wide possibilities for decorative finishing without the use of complex technologies. Any owner who has basic skills in handling carpentry and joinery tools can make beautiful steps and railings.
• Affordable price of wood compared to decorative stone or metal.

Like everyone construction material, wood also has its disadvantages. First of all, this is the “fear” of dampness and fire. However, today these problems are easily solved with the help of special antiseptic and flame retardant impregnations. Also durability wooden buildings depends on the quality and type of wood.

Calculation of the height and depth of steps

Before you start building the stairs to the house, you will need to make a number of simple mathematical calculations. According to building regulations for residential buildings, the height of the steps of the stairs should be 15 - 18 cm. This height, as practice shows, is the most convenient for use. SNiP also imposes special requirements on the depth of steps - the distance from its edge to the riser. This distance should be about 30 cm. At this depth, the sole of the foot rests completely on the step, which makes ascent and descent safer. These indicators directly depend on the steepness of the flight of stairs. The standard level of slope should not exceed 45 degrees - in this case, the descent and ascent of the stairs will be the most comfortable, since the depth and height of the steps will comply with SNiP standards.

All this poses a particular danger to young children and the elderly.

Calculations of height and depth should begin by measuring the height of the stairs. To do this, take the distance from the threshold of the front door to the ground level and subtract 3–5 cm from this value, which will go to the base of the foundation. Let’s say this indicator is 1 m. After this, taking into account that the slope should not exceed 45 degrees, i.e. 1/2 of right angle, we calculate the required length of the flight of stairs. To do this, we multiply the height of the future porch by two: 1 m x 2 = 2 m. Thus, the length of the porch flight of stairs will be equal to 2 m.

Next, we calculate the number of steps. We divide the length of the march (2 m) by the recommended depth of the steps (30 cm) and we get about 7 steps with a depth of approximately 29 cm. Their height in this case will be: 1 m (the height of the porch) divided by 7 steps, we get about 14.5 cm.

Selecting material for steps

After completing all the necessary measurements, we proceed to selecting the material for making the steps. For these purposes, boards are usually taken from hard wood - oak, beech, larch. These types of wood resist influence better than others. external factors such as changes in temperature and humidity. However, to increase their service life, it is recommended to carefully treat them with antiseptic impregnations.

To dry, the boards are stacked in a dry, well-ventilated place. To prevent them from warping during drying, it is advisable to cover them from direct sunlight and rain with a canopy or awning. For a 5 cm board, 3 summer months is quite enough to dry thoroughly. To determine the degree of readiness of the board, carpenters recommend removing shavings from it with a plane. On a dry board, the shavings will break, and on a board that is not dry enough, they will curl into ringlets. Before drying, it is advisable to treat the boards with an antiseptic to prevent the appearance of fungus. After the boards have reached the required humidity parameters, we cut them into separate steps and process them using a planer or sanding machine.

Also, for the manufacture of steps, scraps of logs are used, sawn lengthwise and secured with the flat side to the top. This makes it possible to get beautiful and original steps in a pseudo-antique style (see photo). Such steps look most harmonious in a “set” with houses cut from round timber, or with houses assembled from rounded logs, creating a single architectural ensemble of the facade. The shape of the steps is most often rectangular. However, in modern architectural design other forms are also used - decorative steps can be oval, triangular, and other intricate shapes.

Installation of steps on a wooden base

After preparing all the materials, we begin to install the steps. There are several ways to install steps. The photo shows one of the simplest methods - mounting on a wooden base. Most often, they are used as a base for wooden steps. wooden bowstring– a thick dock or beam placed on its edge. The strings run parallel to each other, one edge resting against the foundation base, and the other against the house or porch area.

The thickness of the board for the step should correlate with the width of the span as 1: 20. That is, if the width of the staircase at the porch is 1 meter, then the thickness of the board should not be less than 5 cm. A thinner board will sag under the weight of a person, bringing not entirely pleasant sensations. And if the span width is 1.5 - 2 meters, then a third string running in the center should be added to the staircase structure.

The steps are attached to the string in several ways:

1. In the grooves. In this version on the side inner surface The bowstrings are made into grooves into which the boards of the steps are inserted - the so-called treads. At the same time, they are attached to the grooves with self-tapping screws and/or wood glue.

Wooden steps for metal stairs

It is also possible to combine wooden steps with other materials when building a porch. Wooden steps give the frame, welded from metal profiles, more aesthetics and attractiveness. Even if the porch is decorated with wrought iron elements, high-quality wooden steps make it much more elegant.

When installing wooden steps on a metal base, the methods of fastening them depend on the type of metal frame. If the base has already been welded from a corner or profiled pipe in the form of a ladder, then the steps are attached to its horizontal surfaces using bolts or metal screws. If the base is inclined stringers made of channels or beams, then they are attached to their inner surface by welding metal corners. Using a drill or electric welding, holes are made in the horizontal shelves of the corners for attaching wooden steps to them.

Cladding a concrete staircase with wood

In concrete stairs, wooden steps, as a rule, are not part of the supporting structure. More often they act as decorative cladding. Initially poured concrete base, exactly the same as for facing with polished stone or ceramic tiles. The concrete must dry thoroughly, and only after that we proceed to decorative cladding wooden plank stairs.

Before starting work, carefully level out all unevenness and sagging using a cement screed. To finish leveling the concrete, we attach plywood to them with dowels, screws or glue. In addition, plywood serves as additional moisture insulation. Decorative boards for treads and risers are attached on top of the plywood using self-tapping screws. Another option is to install in concrete pouring metal mortgages, to which wooden steps will be attached in the future.

As you can see, the manufacture and installation of steps is not difficult, especially for a person who has at least basic skills in the field of construction.

st. Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya, 10

Dmitrovskoe highway, 163a, building 1, -1 floor

Wooden steps for a porch photo

Can be made from various building materials. If we talk about strength, then concrete is an excellent material that, if observed, the right technology will last for decades. Moreover, you can make such a structure with your own hands. About how to do concrete ring will be discussed in this article.

We can say that the porch is the calling card of the owner of the house. Therefore, its construction must be approached with all responsibility. You can make a porch both during the construction of a house and after its completion. The main thing that affects the quality of the porch is compliance with technology. Otherwise, sooner or later it may begin to deform or crack. And just to prevent this, let’s look at the details of the technology in this article.

A concrete structure has a number of advantages, here are some of them:

• Unlike other materials, a concrete porch has a long service life.
• Concrete does not rot, does not corrode, and does not lose its physical characteristics over time.
• To increase strength, reinforcement is installed into the concrete body.
• Under the influence of ultraviolet rays, such a porch will not deteriorate in any way.
• Possibility to build a porch yourself different shapes. There are no boundaries or rules here. Therefore, everyone can use their imagination.
• To make a concrete porch, building materials available to everyone are used - sand, cement, crushed stone and water.
• Unlike wooden structure, concrete is not subject to fire.
• Such a porch can be treated with tiles, natural stone etc. As a result, you can get a beautiful appearance.

As you can see, there are many positive aspects of the material used to construct the entrance to the house. Now is the time to consider the possible shapes and design of a porch with concrete steps.

A concrete porch can be made in the following shapes:

• round;
• trapezoidal;
• rectangular;
• square.

The choice of one form or another directly depends on the size and type of structure.

Concerning design features porch, then there are the following types:

• closed;
• open;
• veranda-shaped.

Also, railings must be installed on the porch, making the entire structure not only safe, but also making the appearance aesthetic and complete.

Concerning finishing, then a lot depends on own desire, as well as from the structural features of the building. Your financial capabilities also play a significant role. Having made all the calculations and made the design, you can begin work.

The first step is to make a design of the structure, which will accurately indicate the shape of the porch. The size/number of steps also plays an important role. The steps should be comfortable for people of different ages.

The staircase to the porch should not be narrow. Otherwise, intensive walking will create inconvenience.

So, when planning the manufacture of a porch, you should take into account several important factors, which are given below:

• The staircase opening must have a width of at least 0.85 m. This will allow you to move freely. Of course, if space allows, make the staircase larger.
• The angle of inclination of the stairs should have a maximum of 5°. If the slope is large, the descent will be too steep and therefore unsafe.
• Preference is given to an odd number of steps.
• One step should have no more than 180 mm.
• Overhang of one step over another is allowed more than 30 mm.
• The difference between the door and the upper platform should be no more than 50 mm.
• The size of the platform must be sufficient for the door to open freely.

You can make a porch using two methods:

1. Buy ready-made concrete.
2. Prepare the concrete mixture yourself.

If we talk about the first option, then this is the simplest method, but quite expensive. This type of concrete has some advantages. For example, there is no air in it, the mass is delivered homogeneous, and after hardening the concrete has high characteristics. But if we talk about the cost, then it is much higher than the cost of self-prepared concrete.

You can use a concrete mixer to prepare concrete. At the same time, the quality of the mixture will be no worse than the imported one. For the production of concrete, it is recommended to use M400 cement. In addition, you need to worry about the availability of the following materials and tools:

• cement M400;
• sand;
• crushed stone;
• fittings Ø65 mm.
• wire for tying reinforcement;
• boards for formwork;
• bars;
• roofing felt;
• nails.

As for the tools, you will need the following set:

• Bulgarian;
• perforator;
• hand vibrator;
• concrete mixer;
• shovel;
• kneading container;
• bucket;
• hammer;
• roulette;
• building level;
• rule.

Having prepared everything you need, you can begin work.

When you start making a porch, you should remember 3 important rules:

1. The height of the porch should correspond to the height of the foundation of the house.
2. Make mutual reinforcement, making the porch part of the foundation of the house.
3. Produce high-quality waterproofing.

Having finished project, you can make an approximate consumption of building materials in advance. For example, knowing the area of ​​the foundation, you can determine the required volume of concrete mixture. To determine the area, you need to make the following measurements: multiply the width, height and length of the future structure. This also applies to stairs.

• So, first of all, you need to dig the foundation for the porch. The depth of the foundation should be equal to the depth of the building's foundation. A layer of sand cushion is laid at the bottom of the trench. It must be compacted well. To do this, after backfilling, lightly moisten it with water and compact it with appropriate equipment.
• The next step will be the production of formwork. During the construction process, be sure to ensure the evenness of the entire structure. You can use a building level for this. Also, the formwork must be well secured. Otherwise, it may crumble under the pressure of concrete.
• When the formwork is ready, reinforcement can be made. The reinforcement is connected to each other with wire. Directly at the foundation of the house, make holes and drive reinforcement into them. This will allow the structure to be connected to the house. When performing reinforcement, the step between the wires should be 10 cm.

Having done everything preparatory work, you can start concreting.

Apply waterproofing to the foundation, for example, roofing felt. When pouring concrete, use a vibrator. If such equipment is not available, then you can simply take a lath and pierce the poured concrete with active up/down movements. This will remove all air bubbles from the concrete body.

In parallel with this process, it is necessary to build steps for the porch. There are also some subtleties here:

• When arranging steps and treads, set a right angle.
• To construct the formwork, it is necessary to install stiffeners.
• The slope of the treads should be around 6 mm. This will allow water to quickly drain from the surface.
• A layer of waterproofing must be laid at the bottom of the formwork.

If the steps are round in shape, then for the formwork you will need to use plywood 30 mm thick.

The steps also need to be reinforced. The rebar also connects to the foundation of the porch or house. This will prevent cracks from occurring due to shrinkage of the building. Finally, all that remains is to pour concrete on the steps and porch. The site must be leveled according to the rule.

Check the levelness of the porch area and steps several times. This will save material for their finishing in the future.

When the concrete has dried, the formwork can be dismantled. This must be done carefully. After that it was time for the final finishing. To do this, you can use all kinds of building materials, for example:

• fake diamond;
• a natural stone;
• porcelain stoneware;
• clinker tiles.

The final choice depends entirely on your preference. You can also choose a finishing color that will fully match the exterior of the house facade. Accordingly, the technology of installation of the material also depends on the choice of finishing material.

This is the principle used to install a concrete porch. if you have own experience, then share it by leaving comments at the end of this article.

Video

The provided video tells in more detail about the manufacture of a concrete porch:

Scheme

In the diagrams, you can find many ideas and examples of how to build your own concrete porch:

The entrance to the room is its calling card. Today steps for the porch can be made of different options material. Designers also offer several fresh design solutions. Concrete steps for a porch look unusual. They can be solid or consist of separate parts. When choosing a material, you will need to pay attention to its properties and further operating features.

Accepted Standards

Entrance to the premises must be completely safe for all its residents. The shape of the step performs not only a decorative function. They must have a special anti-slip coating. Thanks to this, movement will be comfortable at any time of the year.

It is recommended to combine steps for a wooden porch with a canopy. You should choose material options that will fully ensure the safety of children. The entrance to the terrace will be decorated with semicircular steps for the porch. Thanks to this, it will also be possible to significantly expand the space. The owner will receive extra bed for outdoor recreation.

There are a number of standards for steps

If a person is interested in the question of how to make steps to the porch correctly, then he will need to analyze the stability of the foundation. It is recommended to use elements that do not exert strong pressure. When choosing the design of treads and risers, attention should also be paid to their functionality. The structure must have railings.

The finishing of the porch steps is carried out after calculating the height and width of the steps. The thickness of the board is also taken into account. The foot should be comfortable to walk on. Additionally, the safety criterion is taken into account. It is recommended to design wrought iron porch steps taking into account the following proportions:

1. The height of the march should be less than its length. The parameter ranges from 1:2 to 1:1.75.
2. Wooden and other types of lifts must contain a slope of no more than 30 degrees.

The dimensions of the porch steps are selected depending on individual requirements. The optimal height is from 14 to 17 cm. How to build steps on the porch correctly? Their width should be at least 25 cm. However, a value from 28 to 30 cm is considered optimal.

In this video you will learn how to make a staircase:

Step design

Every owner of a private home wonders how to properly make steps for a porch. Among the finishing materials, the following are very popular:

1. Wood.
2. Clinker.
3. Granite.
4. Porcelain tiles.
5. Panel in the form of a mosaic.

Ideas for the design and production of wooden stairs arose a long time ago. Today, half logs or logs continue to be popular. Thanks to them, it is possible to create a unique Russian style.

A DIY metal porch looks impressive, but is expensive. The material can be replaced with WPC or composite. Rubber coverings are considered safe for steps. The material will not be damaged even by sudden temperature changes. For the street steps of the stairs to the house, the finishing should be practical. The width and height of the steps are also taken into account.

It is most practical to lay tiles on the steps of the porch from durable material. The most beautiful design considered clinker. Decorative possibilities are unlimited. The material will not suffer from the negative effects of the external environment. It is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the porch stairs. If they are large, then the design will not be cheap.

Professionals can tell you how to fill a porch with concrete. They guarantee high quality and a long period of operation of the structure.

Types of materials

Beautiful steps near the front door are obtained if you carefully choose their design. In this case, the material and processing technology play an important role. You should first analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each specific method.

It is practical to combine wooden steps for a porch with concrete base. Stone, metal or glass are used for decoration.

You can make metal steps for a porch yourself only if you have the appropriate skills. Additionally, you will need a welding machine, which is not cheap. Porcelain stoneware porch steps look stylish and modern. Covering the finished rise with overlays will cost the least. However, this option will require financial investments.

The most democratic and practical option consider making wooden steps for a porch with your own hands. You will need to decide on the cladding option or leave the entrance as is. A specialist in this matter will be able to tell you in more detail how to make formwork for porch steps. He will perform the necessary calculations and determine the load on the foundation.

Features of some types of finishing materials:

1. Granite porch steps will last a long time. The material is heavy, so when installing it you cannot do without special equipment. At the right conditions operation, the lift can last for several decades without obvious external damage.
2. A brick porch will also last a long time. To build it you will need to have experience in masonry. Otherwise, the design may turn out to be unreliable. Attention should also be paid to the choice of solution.
3. The use of a polymer composite, wood WPC, is a practical and relatively inexpensive solution.

If minimal funds are allocated for construction, then it is recommended to find out how to fill the steps of the porch with concrete. You can make the composition yourself or buy a ready-made version of the powder at a hardware store. To obtain a solution, it will be enough to add water to it.

How to calculate the number and height of steps

Frequent questions from owners include not only care, but also methods for calculating steps. To do this, you need to correctly study all SNiP standards. According to them, it is best to make the depth of the march at least 30 cm. In this case, the height of the steps should be from 15 to 18 cm.

The angle of inclination of the staircase opening cannot be less than 30 degrees. For the main building, it is not advisable to use a lower figure. Otherwise, it will be inconvenient for a person to move along the rise. However, a value of 45 degrees is considered optimal. Overlay plates will help make the rise gentler.

Additionally, it should be noted that the type of material must first be determined. Once the calculations are completed, it will be difficult to make changes to the diagram. For example, for a wooden staircase the maximum angle of inclination cannot exceed 45 degrees. If you treat the surface with tiles, you can make it more flat. It is better not to use a short march in combination with it.

The number of steps is determined based on the height of the entrance door. It is recommended to make an odd number of them. To do this, use a special calculator for calculating stairs. The selection of materials is always made before design begins.

Required Tools

During work key value has building material. The second important element is tools. With their help, we can get everything done quickly and efficiently. necessary work. It is also worth considering the following:

1. The step and riser will be used intensively. A concrete mixer or a construction mixer will allow you to obtain high-quality concrete. The tool must mix sand, crushed stone and cement efficiently.
2. Additional processing is performed with a hammer drill or drill.
3. To quickly make steps for the porch, you should find a saw, a hacksaw and boards in advance.

Workers must be well protected when working with lumber. Nails, screws, bolts and a saw are added to their arsenal. The production of wooden steps is carried out using a manual or automatic version of the tool. In this case, the steps are fastened with hammers or screwdrivers.

Calculating the steps allows you to stock up on the required amount of materials before starting work. There are many options for stairs that you can make yourself.

Manufacturing and installation technology

It’s possible to create steps for a porch from brick or other material with your own hands. In this case, the foundation is formed separately, and then the steps are made of concrete. Action plan:

1. The finished porch steps are attached to the wall. You will first need to mark the desired location on it. The stone is difficult to process. That is why many owners choose wood.
2. The bowstring is attached to the base after cutting out the compartments and places for fastening.
3. You can fix the element using wood grouse that was previously prepared.
4. The height of the lifting steps is adjusted by cutting out compartments in the string.
5. Decorative elements are used after completion of the main work.

Outdoor porch steps should not only be beautiful, but also reliable. It is recommended to choose only those materials that are easy to care for. Otherwise, the porch will soon need to be repaired.

This article contains information that will help you make the right choice of material.