Security alarm requirements. Security alarm

General requirements
Installation of security detectors
Installation of fire detectors
Installation control panels, signaling and triggering devices and sirens
Alarm installation
Installation of perimeter security equipment
Installation of electrical wiring of facility technical alarm systems
Installation of electrical wiring of the linear part of the alarm system
Laying electrical wiring in pipes
Laying electrical wiring with a voltage of 220 V
Requirements for the installation of technical alarm systems in fire hazardous areas
Special requirements for installing technical alarm systems in hazardous areas
Commissioning work during the installation of alarm systems
Occupational safety requirements

Work on the installation of technical signaling equipment must be carried out in accordance with the approved design estimates or inspection report (in accordance with standard design solutions), working documentation (work design, technical documentation of manufacturers, technological maps) and current regulatory requirements.

For objects protected or subject to transfer to private security units under the internal affairs bodies (hereinafter referred to as security units), the design documentation must be consistent with these units.

Deviations from project documentation or inspection reports during the installation of technical alarm equipment are not allowed without agreement with the customer, the design organization-developer of the project and security departments.

At objects protected or subject to transfer to security units, it is allowed to carry out installation work according to inspection reports in accordance with standard design solutions, with the exception of objects:

new construction;
those under the supervision of state control bodies for the use of historical and cultural monuments;
having explosive zones.

Note: In some cases, in agreement with the state control authorities for the use of historical and cultural monuments, it is also allowed to carry out installation work according to inspection reports.

To draw up an inspection report, a commission is created consisting of representatives of the customer, the security department and, if necessary, the installation and commissioning organization.
The validity period of the inspection report is no more than 2 years. The validity of the act may be extended for the same period by the commission. The inspection report ceases to be valid when the profile of the object changes and is subject to re-approval if the customer changes.

Deviations from inspection reports and standard design solutions during the installation of technical signaling equipment are not allowed without agreement with the customer and the relevant authorities involved in drawing up the inspection report.

Acceptance of buildings and structures for installation, the procedure for transferring equipment, products and materials to the installation and commissioning organization must meet the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents.

Products and materials used in the execution of work must comply with project specifications, state standards, technical specifications and have appropriate certificates, technical passports and other documents certifying their quality. Storage conditions for products and materials must meet the requirements of relevant standards or technical specifications.

During installation, the norms, rules and measures for labor protection and fire safety must be observed.
During the installation of technical alarm equipment, general and special work logs should be maintained and production documentation should be drawn up. At sites where the installation of technical alarm equipment is carried out according to inspection reports, it is allowed not to keep a work log.

Author's supervision of installation work is carried out by the design organization in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 1.06.05-85, and technical supervision by the security department. Indications about deviations during installation work are entered into the designer's supervision log, if one is available at the site.

Technical signaling equipment is allowed for installation after incoming inspection. Incoming inspection of technical equipment supplied by the customer is carried out by the customer or specialized organizations attracted by it.

It is not allowed to replace some technical equipment with others having similar technical and operational characteristics without agreement with the security authorities and the design organization.

During installation, it is allowed to use technical means with broken sealing from the manufacturer. In this case, the device is sealed by the organization that tested it and measured the main technical parameters.

Installation of technical means of security systems should be carried out using small-scale mechanization, mechanized and electrified tools and devices that reduce the use of manual labor.

Installation of security detectors

The choice of types of security detectors, their quantity, determination of installation locations and installation methods must be determined in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documents, the type and significance of the protected object, the adopted security tactics, the object’s interference environment, the size and design of the blocked elements, the technical characteristics of the detectors. In this case, the formation of non-visible (“dead”) zones should be excluded.

Magnetic contact detectors are designed to block the opening of doors, windows, hatches, shop windows and other movable structures. They are installed, as a rule, in the upper part of the blocked element, on the side of the protected premises at a distance of 200 mm from the vertical or horizontal (depending on the type of magnetic contact detector) solution line of the blocked element. In this case, it is preferable to install the reed switch of detectors on a fixed part of the structure (plinth, door frame), and the magnet on a moving part (door, window frame). When blocking internal doors, magnetic contact detectors, depending on the type, must be installed with inside doors, and, if necessary, on both sides with the inclusion of detectors in different alarm loops.

Travel limit switches are designed to block the opening of building structures with significant mass and linear dimensions(gates, loading and unloading hatches, etc.). Switches should be installed on brackets on the most massive parts of the structure to be locked. Switch housings or bases must be grounded. Mounting switches on grounded metal panels does not eliminate the need to connect a grounding wire.

Surface impact detectors are designed to block glazed structures located no closer than 5 m from the roadway. Detectors should be installed from the side of the protected premises. The locations of the components of the detectors are determined by the number, relative position and the area of ​​blocked glass panels. The detectors are attached to the surface of the glass sheet with glue.

Blocking of glazed structures with aluminum foil is carried out if there is vibration or traffic interference at the protected facility. The foil should be glued around the perimeter of the blocked glass sheet from the inside of the trim using oil paint, varnish or primer. Blocking with foil should provide protection for structures both from glass destruction and from glass being removed from the frame (or rotated in the frame) without destruction.

When blocking openings made of profiled glass or glass blocks, foil should be glued through the middle of the glass block parallel to the contour lines of the opening with a pitch of no more than 200 mm. Bonding of foil to the glass surface must be carried out at positive ambient temperatures. The connection of the foil to the alarm loop should be made with flexible conductors.

After gluing the foil, paint must be applied to it, and the strip of paint must protrude beyond the edges of the foil by at least 3 mm. U-shaped foil sticker (top and only sides strapping) is not allowed. After completing all installation work on gluing foil to glazed structures, you should use an ohmmeter to check its integrity.

When blocking non-permanent building structures “for a break”, a PEL, PEV or similar wire with a diameter of 0.18...0.25 mm should be laid on the inside of the structure over the entire area parallel to the contour lines and secured with brackets with a fastening pitch of 200 mm. The distance between the long sides of the blocking wire for open or hidden installation methods should be no more than 200 mm.

When laying open, the wire must be protected from mechanical damage with plywood, hardboard, plasterboard or other similar materials.
When using a hidden installation method, the wire should be laid in grooves, followed by sealing them with adhesive putty and painting over them. The depth and width of the groove must be at least twice the diameter of the wire being laid.

Blocking barred openings should be done by wrapping pre-painted horizontal and vertical bars with double flexible wire to eliminate the possibility of shorting the blocked areas.

The laid wires must follow the grid configuration. After blocking, the wires and grille are painted again.
The transition of the wire from one grid rod to another should be done by tying the frame in a hidden way.

Installation of capacitive, radio wave, ultrasonic, optoelectronic and combined detectors should be carried out on rigid, vibration-resistant supports (main walls,
columns, poles, etc.) using brackets or special stands and eliminate the possibility of false alarms of detectors for this reason.

In the protected area, as well as near it at the distances specified in the technical documentation, there should be no foreign objects that change the sensitivity zone of the detectors. When installing several radio wave detectors in one room, it is necessary to use detectors with different frequency letters.

Installation of surface piezoelectric detectors, designed to block ceilings, floors and walls of premises from breaking, is carried out in places protected from mechanical damage and access by unauthorized persons at the rate of 75... 100% coverage of the protected area.

When installing detectors that block window and door openings in wooden frames, as a rule, they should be installed hidden (in strictly justified cases, deviations from this rule are allowed).

Installation of fire detectors

The placement and installation of automatic heat, smoke, light and manual fire detectors must be carried out in accordance with the project, the requirements of NPB 88-2001*, technological maps and instructions.
The number of automatic fire detectors is determined by the need to detect fires throughout the entire controlled area of ​​the premises (zones).

If the system fire alarm is designed to control automatic fire extinguishing, smoke removal and fire warning installations, then to form a control command in the protected room or zone there must be:
at least three fire detectors when they are included in loops of two-threshold devices or in addressable loops, or in three independent radial loops of single-threshold devices;
four fire detectors when they are connected to two loops of single-threshold devices, two detectors in each loop.

Smoke and heat detectors should generally be installed on the ceiling.
If it is impossible to install detectors on the ceiling, they can be installed on walls, beams, columns. It is also allowed to hang detectors on cables under the ceilings of buildings with light, aeration, and skylights. In these cases, detectors must be placed at a distance of no more than 300 mm from the ceiling (including dimensions detector).

Smoke and heat fire detectors should be installed in each ceiling compartment limited by building structures (beams, purlins, slab ribs, etc.) protruding from the ceiling by 0.4 m or more. If there are protruding parts on the ceiling from 0.08 to 0.4 m, the area controlled by the detector is reduced by 25%.
If there are boxes or technological platforms on the ceiling in a controlled room that are 0.75 m wide or more, have a solid structure and are spaced at a distance of more than 0.4 m at the bottom mark from the ceiling, it is necessary to additionally install fire detectors underneath them.

Automatic fire detectors must be installed in each compartment of the room formed by stacks of materials, racks, equipment and building structures, the upper edges of which are 0.6 m or less from the ceiling.
Automatic fire detectors of one fire alarm loop must control no more than five adjacent or isolated rooms located on the same floor and having exits to a common corridor (room).

Automatic fire detectors of one fire alarm loop can control up to 10 in public, residential and auxiliary buildings, and with remote light alarms from automatic fire detectors and installing it above the entrance to the controlled premises - up to 20 adjacent or isolated rooms located on the same floor and having exits to a common corridor (room).

The number of automatic fire detectors included in one fire alarm loop is determined by the technical characteristics of the receiving and control equipment.

Installation of control and control devices, signaling and starting devices and sirens

When placing reception and control devices, control panels and other technical means of security systems (hereinafter referred to as devices), the requirements of RD 78.36.003-2002, RD 78.145-93, NPB 88-2001* must be taken into account.

Installation of devices with low information capacity (up to five alarm loops) should be carried out:
if there is a specially allocated room - at a height convenient for maintenance;
in the absence of a specially designated room - at a height of at least 2.2 m.

Installation of devices in places accessible to unauthorized persons, for example in the trading floors of retail establishments, should be done in locked cabinets, the design of which does not affect the performance of the devices.
If, according to fire safety requirements, it is not allowed to install devices directly in a room equipped with alarm systems, then they are installed outside the room in locked metal cabinets or boxes that are blocked from opening.

Installation of devices of medium and large information capacity should be carried out in dedicated rooms: on a table, wall or special design, at a height convenient for maintenance, but no less! m from floor level.

Installation of devices is not allowed:

in combustible cabinets, at a distance of less than 1 m from heating systems;
explosive areas;
in dusty and particularly damp rooms, as well as containing vapors of acids and aggressive gases.

Placement of fire alarm control devices at sites without personnel on duty 24 hours a day

There are a large number of facilities in Russia that do not have 24-hour on-duty personnel on their territory, and in the regulatory framework this situation in terms of the placement of fire control panels (FCP) is, in our opinion, not unambiguous. But it is the PPCP that is the heart and brain of the entire system. The convenience and transparency of the functioning of the entire fire alarm system depends on its correct placement. It is noteworthy that the possibility of the absence of personnel on site 24/7 was considered in the recently adopted amendments to SP 5.13130.2009 (SP5). In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated 06/01/2011. No. 274, in paragraph 13.14.4 of SP 5 a whole paragraph appeared on this topic: “... In the absence of personnel on duty around the clock at the site, fire notifications must be transmitted to fire departments via a radio channel allocated in the prescribed manner or other communication lines in automatic mode..." Obviously, we will be talking about small objects such as schools, or office buildings, often with several tenants, etc.

Clause 13.14.5 SP 5 reads: “ Reception and control devices, as a rule, should be installed in a room with 24-hour presence of on-duty personnel. In justified cases, it is allowed to install these devices in premises without personnel on round-the-clock duty, while ensuring separate transmission of notifications about fire, malfunction, condition of technical equipment to the premises with personnel on round-the-clock duty, and ensuring control of notification transmission channels. In this case, the room where the devices are installed must be equipped with security and fire alarms and protected from unauthorized access”.

The last proposal gives designers the idea of ​​hiding the control panel in some closet, locked with a key and equipped with security alarm sensors. However, this often goes against common sense for such facilities as, for example, small schools, shops, where there are staff on duty at the facility during working hours. In this case, it is advisable to mark the control panel in the room in which the latter was in full view of the personnel on duty in order to monitor its performance. However, what about the requirement “... In this case, the room where the devices are installed must be equipped with security and fire alarms and protected from unauthorized access"? Current clarification practice controversial issues VNIIPO, with the help of letters, provides some food for thought on this matter. An interesting letter is that it states that protection against opening and unauthorized access in the device is an alternative to a security alarm and does not contradict the requirement of clause 12.48 of the main document at that time, NPB 88-2001 *, regulating the placement of the control panel. Today, almost all control panels have a built-in tamper sensor. In addition, the requirement to have protection of the control panels of the control panel from unauthorized access by unauthorized persons is mandatory in accordance with subclause d, clause 7.2.1.1 of GOST R 53325-2009.

Such a seemingly harmless question as the installation height of the control panel is also not obvious. In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 151 of Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 (Technical Regulations), from the date of its entry into force until the day of entry into force of the relevant technical regulations, the requirements for objects of protection established by regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and regulatory documents of federal executive authorities, including those mentioned above, are subject to mandatory execution insofar as they do not contradict the requirements of this Federal Law. Consequently, we use the provisions of SP 5, as well as all the remaining ones that do not contradict the latter.

Currently, the installation height of control panels in the field of fire safety is regulated by several conflicting documents (Table 1). 2:

Table. 2. Requirements for installing a control panel in the absence of a specially designated room

When analyzing the above height requirements, it is clear that their simultaneous fulfillment is impossible when using the control panel, which combines a control and indication device, which is typical for small objects. Moreover, in RD 78.145-93 and the “Manual” to RD 78.145-93 we talk about the height of installation of the device, in NPB 88-2001* - about the height to the operational controls, and in SP 5.13130.2009 - about the height to the operational controls and indication. You can trace the trend of clarifying height requirements: height of the device - height to the controls - height to the controls and indications. What is noteworthy is that for our case, RD 78.145-93 and the “Manual” to RD 78.145-93, in the absence of a specially designated room, require small-capacity devices to be placed at a height of at least 2.2 m, and devices of medium and large information capacity - at a height convenient for service, but not less than 1 m from the floor level (RD 78.145), and at a height of not less than 1.5 m from the floor level, the “Manual” to RD 78.145 explains to us. Obviously, the placement of the device at a height of 2.2 m was done to limit unauthorized access to it.

Here is an explanation from VNIIPO regarding the height of the PPKP location: “ Priority in application is given to the provisions of normative documents of a later issue... the provisions of NPB 88-2001* had priority over RD 78.145 (1993) and the “Manual” to RD 78.145. The provisions of RD 78.145 (1993) and the “Manuals” to RD 78.145 mostly relate to security alarms. The provisions of NPB 88-2001* directly relate to funds fire automatics. It should also be taken into account that the provisions of clause 12.52 of NPB 88-2001* for the placement of devices are consistent with the requirements of clause 9.1.1, trans. 8) NPB 75-98 on the presence of mandatory protection of control panels of the control panel from unauthorized access by unauthorized persons. Currently, one should comply with the requirements of Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” and use the provisions of SP 5.13130.2009.”

Consequently, it remains to find out the ergonomic requirements for the placement of operational controls and displays and to understand how the requirement for the location of controls at a height of 0.8–1.5 m relates to them.

Workplaces differ depending on the position in which the activity is carried out - sitting or standing. Requirements for the location of controls and information display means are given in Table 3 for the case of emergency controls and rarely used information display means (rarely - no more than two operations per hour) for men and women.

Table 3.

It can be seen that the location of the controls at a height of 0.8–1.5 m fits into the requirements only when performing work while standing, and rather resembles the intersection of the requirements for performing work while sitting and standing.

To summarize the above, if there is on-duty personnel at the facility during working hours, it is advisable to install the control panel in rooms convenient for its control, using the built-in protection of the device against opening and using the ability to protect the control panel from unauthorized access to controls as an alternative to a security alarm in the room. The PPKP should be placed in accordance with the requirements set out in Table 2, however, when organizing a standing workplace, the controls should be placed at a height of 0.8–1.5 m.

FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia. Letter dated June 22, 2004. No. 43/2.2 1180.
FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia. Letter dated October 29, 2009. No. 12-4-02-5100. On the application of the provisions of regulatory documents for installation.

Light and sound alarms, as a rule, should be installed in places convenient for visual and sound control (inter-window and inter-window spaces, vestibules of exit doors).

It is allowed to install a sound alarm on the external facade of a building in a metal casing or a special design at a height of at least 2.5 m from the ground level.
If there are several control panels and control panels at the facility, the light siren is connected to each device, and the sound siren can be made common.
Installation of other technical means of security systems is carried out in accordance with the design documentation, the requirements of regulatory and technical documents and technical
product documentation.

Alarm installation

The alarm system must be configured “without the right to turn off” and sent to the internal security console of the facility or directly to the monitoring station of private security or to the control room of the internal affairs agency.

The choice of the method of activation and installation locations of hand-held and foot-operated alarm devices is determined by the conditions for ensuring maximum safety and ease of use, while the installation locations must be hidden from observation by unauthorized persons.

For the same purposes they are used mobile devices alarm systems operating via a radio channel (radio buttons, radio key fobs).
It is prohibited to install magnetic contact alarm detectors in close proximity (less than 200 mm) to sources of magnetic fields and large masses of ferromagnetic materials.

Installation of technical means of perimeter security and television

Technical means for protecting the perimeter and territory of the facility must provide:

specified security mode;
reliability of operation and absence of false alarms from the influence of meteorological factors and other interference;
inability to overcome the security system;
simultaneous administration alarm signals from any blocked area with determination of the location of the violation.

To protect the perimeter and territory of the facility, the following should be used: technical detection means for the perimeter, access control and management tools and systems, security lighting, sound alarms, and, if necessary, security television systems, radio and telephone communications.

It is recommended to also include in the technical means of perimeter security technical devices graphic display of the perimeter of an object (computer, light board with a mnemonic diagram of the protected perimeter), which should be located in the security room.

To control the passage of workers and employees, as well as the passage of cars into the protected territory of the facility, depending on the number of workers and the regime of the facility, turnstiles or other automated blocking devices should be used. The placement and installation of automated access control devices at the site must ensure compliance with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.02-85.

Perimeter security equipment can be located on the main fence, building, structure or in an exclusion zone.
Security detectors must be installed on solid foundations, special poles or racks that ensure the absence of vibrations and fluctuations. The perimeter of the territory (with gates and wickets included in it) must be divided into protected areas (zones) with their connection by separate loops to the receiving equipment. The length of the section is determined based on security tactics, technical characteristics equipment, external fencing configuration, line of sight conditions and terrain, but not more than 200 m for technical operation and prompt response.

When installing means of protecting the perimeter of objects, the following must be taken into account: types of expected threats, interference conditions, terrain, length and engineering
perimeter fortification, type of fencing, presence of transport routes along the perimeter, exclusion zone and its width.
Power wires and signal cables to the technical means of perimeter security systems should, as a rule, be laid in a hidden way.

CCTV equipment should be placed around the perimeter in accordance with the working drawings of the project. When placing television cameras, the following conditions must be met:

television cameras are placed along the perimeter within the line of sight of the observed section of the perimeter of the object and the adjacent television camera so that the field of view of their lenses does not fall into the direct illumination of an extraneous light source (the sun, perimeter lighting, etc.);
there should be no large magnetic masses or strong sources of electromagnetic fields near the television camera;
the television cameras and other devices of the transmitting party must be provided with free and safe access to the operating personnel.

The receiving part of CCTV systems is located in the security room in accordance with the design documentation in compliance with the requirements of the technical documentation of the manufacturer. The perimeter security lighting network must be constructed separately from the external lighting network and divided into independent sections.

Security lighting should provide:

the necessary uniform illumination of the perimeter (rejection zone) with the expectation that the light spots from the lamps overlap and form a continuous strip 3...4 m wide;
the ability to automatically turn on lighting in one area or the entire perimeter when an alarm is triggered;
ability to control lighting - turn on any area or the entire perimeter.

Security lighting fixtures should be installed in close proximity to the fence line inside the territory in places that are convenient and safe for maintenance.
To transmit powerful sound signals when the technical means of perimeter security systems are triggered, bells, bells, sirens, amplifiers, and loudspeakers should be used.
To ensure directionality of commands, horn loudspeakers should be used.

The equipment of radio warning and telephone communication devices must be installed in accordance with the location and connections specified in the project.
The electrical wiring of the linear part of the technical equipment along the perimeter is a complex consisting of cable lines and electrical wires, connecting and connecting devices, metal structures and boxes laid and fixed to fencing elements, buildings and structures, devices for their fastening and protection from mechanical damage. Installation of the linear part must be carried out in accordance with the design and taking into account the requirements of Chapter. 2.1, 2.3 PUE, SNiP 3.05.07-85, RD 78.145-93, VSN-600-81 “Instructions for installation of structures and devices for communication, radio broadcasting and television.”
All equipment included in the perimeter security system must be tamper-evident.

Installation of electrical wiring of the linear part of the alarm system

Signaling loops, trunk and distribution networks are made from wires and cables specified in the project (inspection report). It is allowed, in agreement with the customer and relevant organizations, to use GTS communication lines, departmental communication lines at the facility and existing integrated networks for these purposes.
When open parallel laying of wires or cables for signaling and electrical wiring, power supply and lighting, the distance between them must be at least 0.5 m. Wiring routes must be selected as short as possible, taking into account the location of electric lighting, radio broadcast networks, water and gas mains, as well as other communications.
On walls inside protected buildings, wires and cables should be laid at a distance of at least 0.1 m from the ceiling and, as a rule, at a height of at least 2.2 m from the floor. When laying wires and cables at a height of less than 2.2 m from the floor, they must be protected from mechanical damage.
The wiring of alarm loops connected to detectors is carried out hidden and open in accordance with the project (inspection report).
Electrical wiring running along external walls at a height of less than 2.5 m or through rooms that were not subject to protection must be done in a hidden way or in metal pipes.
When crossing power and lighting networks, cables and alarm wires must be protected by rubber or polyvinyl chloride tubes, the ends of which must protrude 4...5 mm from each side of the crossing. When crossing, cables of larger capacity should lie against the wall, and cables of smaller capacity should bend around them from above. Cables of smaller capacity may be passed under cables of larger capacity when laying them in grooves.
Depending on the length of parallel installation of signaling circuits and radio broadcasting networks, the distances between them must be at least: 50 mm with a parallel installation length of 70 m; 30 mm for lengths up to 50 m; 25 mm for lengths up to 30 m; 20 mm for lengths up to 20 m; 15 mm for lengths up to 10 m; less than 15 mm with a parallel laying length of up to 7 m.
It is not allowed to lay distribution cables with a capacity of more than 100 pairs along the walls.
When hidden wiring in the floor and interfloor ceilings, cables must be laid in channels and pipes. Termination of cables in building construction tightly not allowed. An act is drawn up for the installation of hidden wiring. In places where there is a 90° angle (or close to it), the bending radius of the laid cables must be at least seven cable diameters.
Cables and wires must be fastened to building structures using scrapers or staples made of thin-sheet galvanized steel or polyethylene elastic staples. Fasteners should be installed using screws or glue.
Fastening wires from detectors should be done:

- steel nails, provided that the diameter of the nail head is not greater than the distance between the wire cores (for wires with a separate base such as TRV, TRP);
— staples; in places where the wire is fastened, an uncut polyvinyl chloride tube with a length of at least 10 mm should be placed under the staples (for wires without a separating base, such as NVM, PMVG, PKSV).

The fastening spacing for horizontal laying is 0.25 m, for vertical laying - 0.35 m. Splicing and branching of wires of TRP, TRV (and similar) brands should be done in boxes using the soldering method or with a screw.
Several wires laid along one route can be placed close to each other. The nails and staples securing the wire are placed in a staggered or sequential order (mutually shifted along the length of the wire by 20 mm). When moving a wire from horizontal to vertical and vice versa, the distance from the beginning of the bend to the nearest nail or staple should be 10... 15 mm.
If the wire is laid on concrete or other durable material It is recommended to use special clamps (brackets) that are attached to the surface by gluing. When fastening the wire with nails, holes are drilled along the wire route, wooden or plugs are driven into the holes, to which the wire is secured with steel nails or glue.
Wires and cables are secured with nails or staples at the entrance to devices and distribution boxes at a distance of 50... 100 mm from them. For ease of maintenance, a supply of 50...100 mm of wire must be provided in the device or junction box.
The distance from cables and insulated wires laid openly, directly along the elements of the building structure of the room to the open placement (storage) of flammable materials must be at least 0.6 m.

Laying electrical wiring in pipes

Steel pipes may be used to protect electrical wiring only in cases specifically justified in the project and in the inspection report. Steel pipes used for electrical wiring must have inner surface, preventing damage to the insulation of wires when they are pulled into the pipe.
Steel pipes laid in rooms with a chemically active environment, inside and outside, must have an anti-corrosion coating that is resistant to the conditions of this environment. Insulating sleeves should be installed where wires exit steel pipes.
For branches and connections of open and hidden steel pipe lines, boxes, crates, etc. should be used.

The distance between drawer boxes (boxes) should not exceed:

— 50 m if there is a pipe bend;
— 40 m - two pipe bends;
— 20 m - three pipe bends.

The distance between the fastening points of openly laid steel pipes on horizontal and vertical surfaces should not exceed:

— 2.5 m for pipes with a nominal diameter of up to 20 mm;
— 3 m - up to 32 mm; 4 m - up to 80 mm;
— 6 m for pipes with a nominal diameter of up to 100 mm.

The distance between the fastening points of metal hoses should not exceed:

— 0.25 mm for metal hoses with a nominal diameter of up to 15 mm;
— 0.35 m - up to 27 mm;
- 0.45 m - up to 42 mm.

Pipes with electrical wiring must be fixed to supporting structures at a distance from the input:

— in devices - no further than 0.8 mm;
— in connection and duct boxes - no further than 0.3 mm;
— in flexible metal hoses - 0.5...0.75 m.

Welding steel pipes to metal structures is not allowed.
Laying of wires and cables in non-metallic (plastic) pipes should be carried out indoors at temperatures environment not lower than -20 and not higher than +60 "C.

Pipelines used to protect electrical wiring from mechanical damage must be made of non-flammable, fire-resistant materials with a heat resistance of at least 105 °C (GOST 8865-87).

Non-metallic pipes laid in an open way must be fastened so that they have free movement during linear expansion or contraction due to changes in ambient temperature. Fastening should be done with brackets, clamps and pads. The distance between the fastening points of openly laid polymer pipes should not exceed:

— 1 m for pipes with a diameter of 20 mm;
— 1.1 m — diameter 25 mm;
- 1.4 m - 32 mm;
— 1.6 m — 40 mm;
— 1.7 m for pipes with a diameter of 50 mm.

Polyethylene and polypropylene pipes should be connected by welding or in couplings with hot casing in sockets. To connect vinyl plastic pipes, it is necessary to use couplings and sockets followed by gluing. To connect electrical wiring laid in polyethylene pipes, plastic junction and branch boxes should be used. Pipes must be connected to boxes by tightly fitting the ends of the pipes onto the branch pipes of the boxes, as well as using couplings. Vinyl plastic pipes must be connected to vinyl plastic boxes by gluing the end of the pipe to the branch pipes of the box.

The direction of the protective pipes is changed by bending. When bending pipes, as a rule, normalized rotation angles of 90, 120 and 135° and normalized bending radii of 400, 800 and 1000 mm should be used. Flexible metal hoses should be used as flexible inserts in protective pipes in the presence of complex turns and angles of transition pipes from one plane to another and for the installation of temperature compensators.

Wires and cables in pipes should lie freely, without tension, the total cross-section calculated from their outer diameters should not exceed 20... 30% of the pipe cross-section. The combined installation of power cables and an alarm loop in one pipe is not allowed. When laying wires in one pipe, their number should not exceed 30.

Laying electrical wiring with a voltage of 220 V

When installing electrical wiring, it is not allowed:

- use non-insulated electric wires,
— use cables and wires with damaged insulation;
- combine low-current and high-current electrical wiring in one protective pipe;
- twist, tie wires,
- cover sections of wires and cables with paper (wallpaper),
- use baseboards, window and door wooden frames.

Connection, branching and termination of wire and cable cores must be done by crimping, welding, soldering or using clamps (screw, bolt, etc.). At the points of connection, branching and connection of wire or cable cores, a supply of wire (cable) must be provided, ensuring the possibility of re-connection, branching or connection.

Connection and branching of wires and cables, with the exception of wires laid on insulating supports, must be carried out in junction and branch boxes, inside the housings of technical equipment. The use of screw connections in places with high vibration or humidity is not allowed.
In places where wires and cables for power supply of signaling equipment pass through walls or ceilings, fire-resistant seals (asbestos, slag wool, sand, etc.) must be provided.

The laying of cables in underground sewerage structures must be carried out in accordance with the project and documented in a document.

Requirements for the installation of technical alarm systems in fire hazardous areas

Technical alarm systems operating from an alternating current network, as a rule, should be installed outside fire hazardous areas. When installing technical alarm systems openly on fireproof vertical building bases and in a closed fireproof cabinet, natural heat exchange must be ensured. Ventilation holes are made in the form of blinds.

When installing technical equipment on combustible bases (wooden walls, mounting panels made of wood or chipboard (chipboard), at least 10 mm thick), it is necessary to use fire-retardant sheet material (metal with a thickness of at least 1 mm, asbestos cement, getinax, textolite, fiberglass - 3 mm), covering the mounting surface under the device, or a metal shield (GOST 9413-78, GOST 8709-82E). In this case, the sheet material must protrude beyond the contours of the device installed on it by at least 50 mm.
If several PPKs are installed in a row, the following distances must be maintained: at least 50 mm between PPKs in a row and at least 200 mm between rows of PPKs.
The distance from openly mounted technical alarm equipment operating from an alternating current network to flammable materials or substances located in the immediate vicinity (with the exception of mounting surface) must be at least 600 mm.

The design of stationary light and sound alarms acceptable for use in OS, PS and OPS installations must be at least UR2X (GOST 14254-80).
Installation of lighting and sound detectors operating from an alternating current network is allowed only on non-flammable standard fittings. In this case, the distance from the lamp bulb to wooden ceiling, walls and window frame must be at least 50 mm.

One or more light sirens are installed in the immediate vicinity of the control panel at a distance of at least 50 mm (as well as between the sirens themselves).
When installing warning lights indoors, it is not allowed to use incandescent lamps with a power of more than 25 W.
In fire hazardous areas of any class, cables and wires that have a cover and sheath made of flame retardant materials must be used. The use of cables and wires with flammable polyethylene insulation is not allowed.

Through fire hazardous zones of any class, as well as at distances less than 1 m horizontally and vertically from the fire hazardous zone, it is not allowed to lay transit electrical wiring and cable lines of all voltages. In fire hazardous areas of any class, all types of fastening of cables and wires are allowed. The distance from cables and insulated wires laid openly directly over structures, on insulators, trays, cables, to places where flammable substances are stored (placed) must be at least 1 m.

The laying of unprotected insulated wires with aluminum conductors in fire hazardous areas of any class must be carried out in pipes and ducts. Steel electrical wiring pipes, steel pipes and ducts with non-armored cables and armored cables should be laid at a distance of at least 0.5 m from pipelines, if possible on the side of pipelines with non-flammable substances.

Junction and branch boxes used in electrical wiring in fire hazardous areas of any class must have a degree of shell protection of at least GR43 according to the PUE.
The use of connecting cable sleeves in fire hazardous areas is not permitted.

In all cases of passage of wires or single-core cables through walls from one fire-hazardous room to another, as well as outside, the wire or cable must be laid in a separate section of thin-walled steel pipe, and the current in the conductors should not exceed 25 A.

The gaps between the wires or cables and the pipe at the point of passage must be tightly sealed with an easily punchable compound made of fireproof materials.

Special requirements for installing technical alarm systems in hazardous areas

Installation of technical alarm systems in hazardous areas should be carried out in strict accordance with the design of a specialized design organization and PUE requirements.

Technical signaling equipment (with the exception of detectors included in intrinsically safe circuits) intended for installation in explosive zones must (depending on the classes of explosive zones) have a design that meets the requirements of Chapter. 7.3. PUE. In this case, explosion-proof technical alarm systems must comply with the explosion protection category and group of explosive mixtures that can form in the area, and have the appropriate explosion protection marking. Explosion-proof technical alarm systems, designed in their design for use in an explosive zone of a certain category and group, are allowed to be installed in an explosive zone of a less dangerous category and group.

Serially produced security detectors that meet the requirements of the relevant technical specifications or state standards, do not have their own power source, and also do not have inductance or capacitance, are allowed to be installed in hazardous areas provided that they are included in the intrinsically safe circuits (loops) of control panels that have the appropriate explosion protection markings.

Before installation, technical equipment intended for installation in explosive zones, and technical equipment whose intrinsically safe circuits extend into explosive zones, must be carefully inspected to check the presence of explosion protection markings, warning labels, seals, grounding devices, and the absence of damage to shells.

It is not allowed to install technical equipment with detected defects.

The laying of cables and wires, as well as grounding and grounding of technical signaling equipment in explosive areas should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the project, SNiP 2.04.09-84, SNiP 3.05.08-85 and PUE.

In hazardous areas classes B-I and B-Ia, wires and cables with copper conductors should be used. It is allowed to use wires and cables with aluminum conductors in explosive zones of classes B-I6, B-Ig, B-II, B-IIa.

In hazardous areas of any class, it is allowed to use wires with rubber, polyvinyl chloride insulation and cables with rubber, polyvinyl chloride and paper insulation in rubber, polyvinyl chloride and metal sheaths.

The use of cables with an aluminum sheath in explosive zones of classes B-I and B-Ia and with polyethylene insulation and sheath in explosive zones of any class is not allowed.
When laying intrinsically safe circuits, the following requirements must be met:

— intrinsically safe circuits must be separated from other circuits in compliance with the requirements of GOST 22782.5-78;
the use of one cable for intrinsically safe and intrinsically hazardous circuits is not permitted;
— the insulation of the wires of intrinsically safe circuits must have a distinctive blue color. Only the ends of the wires are allowed to be marked in blue;
— wires of intrinsically safe circuits must be protected from interference that violates their intrinsic safety.

Cable passages through interior walls and interfloor ceilings in zones of classes B-I, B-Ia, B-II should be performed in sections of water and gas pipes. The gaps between cables and pipes must be sealed with a sealing compound to a depth of 100 - 200 mm from the end of the pipe, with a total thickness that ensures the fire resistance of building structures.
When moving electrical wiring pipes from a room with an explosive zone of class B-I or B-Ia to a room with a normal environment, into an explosive zone of another class with a different category or group of explosive mixtures, or outside, the pipe with wires at the points of passage through the wall must have a separating seal specifically for this designated box.

Methods for laying cables and wires in hazardous areas are given in table. 1

Table 1

It is permissible to install separation seals on the side of the non-explosive zone or from the outside if installation of separation seals in the explosive zone is not possible. The use of junction and branch boxes to make separation seals is not allowed. Seals installed in electrical conduits must be tested overpressure air 250 kPa (approximately 2.5 atm) for 3 minutes. In this case, a pressure drop of no more than 200 kPa (approximately 2 atm) is allowed.
In hazardous areas of any class, it is not allowed to install connecting and branch cable joints, with the exception of intrinsically safe circuits.

Cable entries into technical equipment must be made using input devices. Entry points must be sealed. It is not allowed to insert protective electric drives into technical means that have inputs only for cables. Openings in the walls and floors for the passage of cables and electrical wiring pipes must be tightly sealed with fireproof materials.

Through explosive zones of any class, as well as at a distance of less than 5 m horizontally and vertically from the explosive zone, it is not allowed to lay transit electrical wiring and cable lines of all voltages. Their installation in pipes, closed boxes, and floors is allowed.

In explosive zones of any class, grounding or neutralization at all voltages of alternating and direct current with the help of specially laid conductors are subject to:

— metal housings of detectors in explosive design;
— metal brackets (cables) used to install detectors;
— metal cable sheaths; steel pipes for electrical wiring.

The electrical wiring pipes on the fittings are grounded using jumpers made by the installation company. The arrangement of jumpers must be specified in the project.
When commissioning technical alarm systems in hazardous areas, the working commission must check:

— compliance of installed explosion-proof instruments, devices and mounted wires and cables with the project;
— the correctness of the inputs of wires and cables into electrical equipment and the reliability of their contact connections as a result of inspection with the covers of the input devices or apparatus removed;
— presence of factory plugs on unused openings of input devices;
— presence of seals in the electrical wiring after installation;
— compliance of the external connection diagram, length and grades of connecting cables, supplied voltage with the installation and operating instructions attached to instruments and devices of intrinsically safe design.

Download:
1. Theoretical basis building safety systems at explosive industrial sites - Please or to access this content
2. Classification and areas of application of electrical installations in fire and explosion hazardous areas (VNIIPO reference manual) - Please or to access this content

Commissioning work during the installation of alarm systems

To carry out commissioning work, the customer must: agree with the installation and commissioning organization on the deadlines for completing the work provided for in general schedule; ensure the availability of power supply sources; ensure general working safety conditions.

Before the start of commissioning work, during the installation process, individual tests (setup, adjustment, adjustment) of control and control devices, alarm and trigger devices, detectors, etc. must be carried out. in accordance with technical descriptions, instructions, PUE.

Commissioning work is carried out in three stages:

- preparatory work;
— adjustment work;
— comprehensive adjustment of technical equipment.

At the stage of preparatory work, operational documents for technical signaling equipment must be studied, and the adjusters’ workstations must be equipped with the necessary equipment and auxiliary equipment.

At the stages of adjustment work and complex adjustment, adjustments to previously carried out adjustments of technical equipment should be made, including:

— bringing the settings to values ​​at which technical means can be used in operation;
— bringing the equipment to operating mode;
— checking the interaction of all its elements in the “Alarm”, “Fire”, “Fault”, etc. modes.

Commissioning work is considered completed after receiving the parameters and modes specified in the project and technical documentation, ensuring stable and stable operation of the technical equipment (without false alarms).

Occupational safety requirements

Installation and adjustment work should begin only after safety measures have been completed. Work with technical alarm systems must be carried out in compliance with the PUE, current regulatory requirements and occupational safety instructions.

When working at height, use only ladders or stepladders. The use of improvised means is strictly prohibited. When using ladders, the presence of a second person is required. The lower ends of the ladder must have stops in the form of metal spikes or rubber tips.

When installing, setting up and maintaining technical alarm equipment, you must also be guided by the safety sections of the technical documentation of the manufacturers, departmental safety guidelines for the installation and setup of control devices and automation equipment.

For more detailed information on safety rules when installing and setting up security systems, see.

A complete list of instructional materials is provided as part of the information base for installers and security system designers.

GOST R 50777-95

( IEC 60839-2-6:1990)

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ALARM SYSTEMS

Part 2. REQUIREMENTS FOR SECURITY SYSTEMS
ALARMS

Section 6. PASSIVE OPTICAL-ELECTRONIC
INFRARED DETECTORS
FOR ENCLOSED PREMISES And open areas

GOSSTANDARD OF RUSSIA

Moscow

Preface

1 DEVELOPED by the Research Center "Okhrana" (SRC "Okhrana") of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Defense (VNIIPO) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 234 “Technical means of security, security and fire alarms”

2 ADOPTED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated May 22, 1995 No. 257

3 This standard contains the complete authentic text of the international standard IEC 60839-2-6:1990“Alarm systems. Part 2. Requirements for security alarm systems. Section 6. Passive optical-electronic infrared detectors for closed premises» with additional requirements reflecting needs of the national economy

The name of this standard has been changed relative to the name of the specified international standard in order to expand the scope of the standard

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

GOST R 50777-95

( IEC 60839-2-6:1990)

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ALARM SYSTEMS

Part 2. REQUIREMENTS FOR SECURITY ALARM SYSTEMS

Section 6. PASSIVE OPTICAL-ELECTRONIC INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ENCLOSED PREMISES and open areas

Alarm systems.

Part 2. Requirements for intruder alarm systems.

Section 6. Passive infra-red detectors for use in buildings and open sites

Date of introduction 1996-01-01

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

1 AREA OF USE

This standard establishes special requirements for passive electro-optical infrared security detectors for enclosed spaces. and open areas(hereinafter referred to as detectors) and methods of their testing. The standard must be used in conjunction with GOST R 50775 and GOST R 52435. Link to GOST R 50775, replacing the reference to IEC 60839-1-1, is underlined in the text of the standard with a solid line.

The detector may include several sensitive elements (SE), and all SE must be located in one housing.

The standard establishes requirements for passive optical-electronic infrared detectors, which should ensure their normal functioning with a minimum number of false positives.

The standard does not apply to special purpose detectors.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

This standard uses references to the following standards:

3 DEFINITIONS

In this standard, in addition to the terms given in GOST R 50775 And GOST R 52551, The following terms apply.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

3.1 detector: a device for generating an alarm notification upon intrusion or attempted intrusion, or for initiating an alarm signal by the consumer;

passive electro-optical infrared detector: a security detector that responds to changes in the level of infrared (IR) radiation as a result of human movement in the detection zone.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

3.2 elementary sensitive zones: zones of the optical diagram of the detector in which it reacts to IR radiation.

3.3 detection zone: the zone in which the detector issues an alarm notification (about penetration) when moving a standard target (person) at a constant distance from the detector.

3.5 range: for a given direction, this is the radial distance from the detector to the boundary of the detection zone.

3.6 secondary standard target: a structural element whose radiation characteristics in the IR range of the electromagnetic spectrum are similar to the radiation characteristics of a small animal (such as a mouse). In this standard, the secondary standard target has the shape of a cylinder with a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 150 mm.

The IR emissivity of a standard target in the wavelength range from 6 to 14 microns should be 0.90-0.95.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

3.7 detector sensitivity: numerical value controlled parameter (the amount of human movement in the detection zone), at which the detector should issue a notification of intrusion.

3.8 sensing element: thermal radiation receiver

3.9 maximum operating range: the maximum value of the detector range at which the requirements of this standard are met.

3.10 minimum operating range: the minimum value of the detector range that ensures compliance with the requirements of this standard.

3.11 viewing angle of the detector detection zone: the angle enclosed between two conventional straight lines emanating from the detector and being the boundaries of the detector detection zone.

3.12 additional standard target: A structural element whose emission characteristics in the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum are similar to those of humans (see Figure 1a). The IR emissivity coefficient in the wavelength range from 6 to 14 microns is 0.90-0.95.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

3.13 additional secondary standard target: A structural element whose emission characteristics in the IR range of the electromagnetic spectrum are similar to those of a domestic animal (cat or dog) (see Figure 16 and ). The IR emissivity coefficient in the wavelength range from 6 to 14 microns is 0.90-0.95.”

Figure 1a - Additional standard target (3.12)

Figure 1b - Additional secondary standard target (3.13)

Table 1- Characteristics and dimensions of the optional secondary standard target

5 REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Purpose requirements

Detection Area (Moving Sensitivity)

The detector must detect motion (issue a notice of intrusion) standard goal (person), moving within the detection zone transversely to its side border in the speed range 0.3 - 3 m/s (0.1-5.0 m/s for detectors for open areas) at a distance of up to 3 m. In this case, the distance between the detector and the target (by person) must remain constant.

The maximum operating range of the detector, as well as the minimum operating range (if provided) must correspond to the values ​​​​established in technical conditions for specific types of detectors.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.2 Time to restore the detector to standby mode

After an alarm notification is issued (about penetration) and stop moving the standard target (person), the detector must return to its original state (standby mode) no later than after 10 s.

5.1.3 Resistance to secondary standard target movement

The detector must not issue an alarm notification (O penetration) when moving across the floor of a secondary standard target if it is installed at the manufacturer's recommended height.

The height of the detector mounting is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors

5.1.4 Resistance to changes in background temperatures

The detector should not issue an alarm when the background temperature changes from 25 to 40 °C, at a rate of 1 °C/min (5°C/min - for detectors for open areas).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.5 Resistance to external illumination

The detector should not generate an alarm when illuminated by a car headlight through the glass when testing according to. (for detectors for open areas- without glass).

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.6 Resistance to convective heat flows of air

The detector should not generate an alarm when air moves in conditions of increasing or decreasing temperature near the detector when tested according to.

The detector must be equipped with a built-in device that ensures the issuance of an alarm notification in the event of unauthorized opening of the detector to an amount that provides access to its controls and fixing elements.

It is permissible not to equip the detector with the specified device.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.8 Trunk protection

When placing the sensing element in a separate housing, the electrical lines connecting it to the processing device should be considered as part of the detector. These lines should be monitored in such a way that in case of any violation (break, short circuit) that prevents the passage of an alarm notification or the issuance of a signal about unauthorized opening, the information processing device ensures the issuance of an alarm notification no later than 10 s after detection of these violations.

5.1.9 Duration of intrusion notification generated by the detector (according to 5.5.2a) of Appendix A), must be at least 2 s.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

The detector power supply voltage must be 12 V (12 V; 24 V - for detectors for open areas) DC. It is allowed to install the power supply of detectors for open areas from an alternating current network with a voltage of 220 V.

The detector parameters must comply with the requirements of this standard when the supply voltage changes in the range from minus 15 to plus 25 % its nominal value. It is allowed to set a wider range of power supply voltage changes, which must be specified in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.11. The time the detector is technically ready for operation should be no more than 60 s after it is turned on. The detector output contacts must be permanently closed or open during this time.

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

5.1.12 Viewing angle of the detector detection area

The viewing angle of the detector detection zone in the horizontal and (or) vertical planes is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

5.1.13 Resistance to movement of an additional secondary standard target (installed in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors)

The detector shall not provide an alarm notification when an additional secondary standard target is moved if it is installed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.

The height of the detector mounting, the characteristics and/or number of the type of additional secondary standard target (by ) are established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.14 Masking protection (installed in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors)

The detector must issue a masking notification when it is shielded with an object that is opaque in the IR range and/or an aerosol or varnish that is opaque in the IR range is applied to the lens.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.1.15 Temperature compensation of detecting ability (installed in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors)

The detector must be equipped with a built-in device that provides compensation for detecting ability at ambient temperatures in the range from 29 -3 °C to 33 +3 °C

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.2 *

5.3 Safety requirements*

There are no additional requirements.

5.4 Reliability requirements*

There are no additional requirements.

5.5 Interface *

There are no additional requirements.

5.6 Design requirements*

There are no additional requirements.

* Requirements are given in the appendix

If the detector is equipped with an indicator that ensures that it has issued an alarm notification, it should be possible to limit its indication time without opening the detector.

5.8 Manufacturer's Specification

Operating documentation must be in Russian

In addition to general information, the manufacturer must indicate the following parameters for each detector:

a) diagram of elementary sensitive zones;

b) detection zone (can be specified by the diagram in item a), for each position of the sensitivity switch and pulse counter, if such devices are provided. If sensitivity is adjustable, the detection zone should be specified for maximum and minimum sensitivity;

c) height range of detector placement;

d) optimum optical focusing. Indicated if there is optical focusing

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

Practical experience shows that repeatability and reproducibility of test results are difficult to achieve using humans as the target. In the method proposed below, the person is replaced by an imitator. This method has not previously been widely used, and therefore may be modified in the future.

When performing functional tests, the detector is installed at the height recommended by the manufacturer and in accordance with his instructions. The optical element of the detector must be adjusted for optimal operation as specified in the manufacturer's instructions.

For a given range of detector installation heights, its tests should be carried out at the upper and lower limit levels.

If there are technical means that provide pulse counting and sensitivity adjustment, tests should be carried out at the upper and lower values ​​of these parameters (at the extreme positions of the adjustment knob).

Standard goal and an additional standard target mounted with a vertical orientation of its main axis and a distance of the lower edge from the floor of no more than 100 mm.

Temperature distribution over the target surface (at least 90% of its area) must be uniform and should not differ by more than 0.2 °C.

The background in the detector detection area must have the same emissivity (IR emissivity), which is the standard target, and its temperature should be 20 - 25 °C. It must remain constant during testing. The temperature distribution should be uniform over the surface with a difference of no more than 0.5 °C.

The average temperature of the standard target should be (4 ± 0.25) °C above the average background temperature. The average temperature of the secondary standard target and the additional secondary standard target must be (8.00 ± 0.25) °C above the average background temperature.

Tests can be carried out either with a stationary detector and a moving standard target, or with a stationary target and a rotating detector. In both cases, the radial distance between them should not change by more than ±5%.

Tests may be conducted using humans* as the standard target.

*Until 07/01/2009

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.2 Functional tests

The person is located at a distance corresponding to the maximum operating range of the detector.

To obtain the effect of lateral movement of a standard target (person) relative to the detector, it is necessary to ensure either movement of the target relative to the stationary detector, or rotation of the detector relative to the stationary target. In this case, the detector must rotate at a speed equivalent to the lateral speed of 0.3 m/s (0.1 m/s - for detectors for open areas).

An alarm notification should be issued when the detector is rotated by an amount equivalent to the target moving at a distance of up to 3 m.

6.2.1.3 Tests on and must be repeated when placing a standard target at a distance corresponding to the minimum range of the detector.

Tests on and must be repeated when placing a person at a distance corresponding to the minimum operating range of the detector (on )

6.2.1.4 During the tests, either the target moves relative to the detector, or the detector rotates relative to the target located at three randomly selected points of the detection zone. At each of the selected points, repeat the test for .

6.2.2 Time to restore the detector to standby mode

After testing, the distance traveled by the target until the alarm is issued by the detector is recorded. The standard target is then returned to its original position.

After this, the movement of a person or other object other than the standard target begins until the detector issues an alarm notification. After this, the movement stops. After 10 s the test should be repeated.

In this case, the distance traveled by the target before the alarm is issued by the detector should not differ from the value obtained in the first part of these tests by more than 10%.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.2.3 Resistance to secondary target movement

To carry out the tests, the conditions should be replicated except that a secondary standard target is used as the standard target. The secondary target should be installed at a height of no more than 100 mm from the floor, with its main axis located tangential to the detector (perpendicular to the ECHZ) and parallel to the floor. The target position must be selected taking into account the location of the elementary sensitive zones of the detector, at which the maximum effect is achieved (and when moving must cross elementary sensitive zones).

To obtain the effect of lateral movement of the secondary target relative to the detector, it must move, or the detector must rotate. When moving, a transverse speed of 1 m/s should occur.

(about penetration).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.2.4 Resistance to changes in background temperatures

The detector must be installed in front of a screen that provides the creation of a temperature background; the screen temperature must be 25 °C. The temperature difference across the screen surface should not exceed 0.5 °C. During the test, the temperature of the detector remains constant.

The background temperature is increased at a rate of 1 °C/min (5 °C/min - for detectors for open areas) until it reaches 40 °C.

During testing, the detector shall not produce an alarm notification. (about penetration).

An imitation of this test can be an increase in background temperature within one elementary sensitive zone. In this case, the change in radiant flux at the detector aperture should be the same as during full-scale tests.

Set the detector supply voltage to 15 +2 % below its nominal value and determine the sensitivity of the detector in accordance with.

Carry out a similar procedure when increasing the detector supply voltage by 25 -2 % relative to its nominal value.

The detector sensitivity measured in both cases must meet the requirements.

6.2.11 Time of technical readiness of the detector for operation after its switching on.

6.2.12 Viewing angle of the detector detection area

The test method is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

6.2.13 Resistance to movement of additional secondary standard target

Tests are carried out under the conditions of 6.1, except that an additional secondary standard target is used as the standard target.

The optional secondary standard target should be mounted no more than 100mm above the floor. The target position is 0.5 m horizontally from the projection of the detector onto the floor. The tests are repeated several times, each time increasing the distance from the detector projection to the secondary standard target by 0.5 m up to the maximum detector range.

To obtain the effect of lateral movement of an additional secondary standard target relative to the detector, it is necessary to ensure either movement of the target relative to the stationary detector, or rotation of the detector relative to the stationary target. In this case, the detector must rotate at a speed equivalent to the lateral speed of movement equal to (1.0 ± 0.1) m/s.

During tests with an additional secondary standard target, the detector shall not generate an alarm (intrusion) notification.

To check for the presence of elementary sensitive zones, an additional standard target should be used moving at a speed equal to (1.0 ± 0.1) m/s. Upon checking the presence of elementary sensitive zones, the detector must issue an alarm notification. It is permissible to conduct tests using, as an additional standard target, a person moving in a squatting position, hands on knees, back straight (“goose step”)*.

* Until 07/01/2009.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

6.2.14 Masking protection

To obtain the masking effect, install a screen from a sheet of paper A 200 L-1 in accordance with GOST 597 at a distance of 0.1 m from the switched-on detector so that it covers the detection zone of the detector, or apply a layer of aerosol or varnish that is opaque in the IR range to the detector lens.

It is allowed to set a greater distance to the screen.

After 1 minute, you should check the condition of the detector. The detector must issue a masking notification.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

6.2.15 Temperature compensation of detecting ability The detector must be placed in the center of a vertical surface inside a dark box according to 6.2.5. The side of the box in front of the detector should be without glass. The box is placed in a heater, which creates a temperature on the surface of the detector from 29°C to 33°C. The detector is kept at this temperature for at least 1 hour. Then the test according to 6.2.1.2 is carried out at the average temperature of the standard target at (3.00 ± 0.25)°C above the average background temperature. The detector must provide an alarm notification.

The standard target temperature can be set to less than 3°C above the background temperature. The value of the specified temperature must be indicated in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

6.3 Impact tests external factors

6.3.1. Test conditions

The detector must be tested against external factors.

Tests for the effects of electrical pulses in the power supply circuit, electromagnetic fields, and electrostatic discharge are carried out on a detector configured to maximum working range.

Tests for the influence of other external factors can be carried out at any set range of the detector within the limits of the possibility of adjusting its sensitivity. During testing, range adjustment is not performed.

For each test, the detector must be operational and its aperture may be closed to avoid false alarms due to background changes. Before and after each test for exposure to external factors, the detector should be tested in accordance with and.

In this case, the distances traveled by the target before the alarm is issued by the detector, before and after testing for the influence of external factors should not differ by more than 10%. These tests may be simulated provided that the simulation provides adequate results obtained by standard procedures at room temperature.

After the cold and dry heat tests, the above tests should be carried out for a period of time sufficient to maintain the temperature at which the test was carried out.

The procedure for checking the functionality of the detector after exposure to cold and dry heat is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors

6.4 Safety tests

6.4.1 Checking the detector according to the method of protecting people from injury electric shock carried out by comparing the means of protection used in the detector and those required for the class protection class according to GOST 12.2.007.0:

0 - for detectors for enclosed spaces;

01 - for detectors for open areas.”

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.4.2 Tests of electrical strength and insulation resistance of detectors should be carried out in accordance with GOST 12997.

The detector is considered to have passed the electrical insulation strength test if no breakdown or flashover of the insulation occurs within 1 minute after the application of voltage.

A detector is considered to have passed the insulation resistance test if its measured value is equal to or exceeds that established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

Note - The electrical circuits to be tested, the points of application of the test voltage and the connection of insulation resistance measuring instruments are established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

6.4.3 Testing the detector for fire safety is carried out according to the method described in GOST R IEC 60065.

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.5 Reliability tests

The method for determining the mean time between failures is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

6.6 Verification of design requirements

The degree of protection of the shell is checked according to the GOST 14254 method.

APPENDIX A

(required)

5.2 Requirements for resistance to external factors

5.2.1 Dry heat

The detector must remain operational when exposed to elevated temperatures of 40 °C.

It is possible to set a higher temperature value.

If the color of the detector surfaces for open areas exposed to solar heating is white or silver-white, then in accordance with GOST 15150 the temperature is set to 55°C, with a different color of the surfaces 70°C .

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.2 Cold

The detector must remain operational when exposed to a low temperature of 5 °C.

The detector must remain operational when exposed to low temperatures:

plus 5°C - detector for enclosed spaces;

minus 40°C - detector for open areas.

It is allowed to set a lower temperature value, which must be set in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors .

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.3 Sinusoidal vibration

The detector must remain operational when exposed to sinusoidal vibration with an acceleration of 0.981 m/s 2 (0.1 g ) in the frequency range 10 - 55 Hz.

5.2.4 Electrical impulses and power circuits

The detector must remain operational when exposed to electrical pulses in the power circuit, the amplitude (peak value) of the voltage is 500 V, and the decay time is 0.1 - 1 μs.

The values ​​of the parameters characterizing the impact on the detector of electrical pulses in the power supply circuit, under which the detector must maintain its functionality, may be established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors in accordance with The detector must remain operational when exposed to electrical impulses in the power supply circuit in accordance with GOST R 50009 :

5.2.5 Electrostatic discharge

The detector must remain operational when its body is exposed to an electrostatic discharge with an energy of 4.8 mJ.

The detector must remain operational when exposed to electrostatic discharge in accordance with GOST R 50009:

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.6 Electromagnetic field

The detector must remain operational when exposed to an electromagnetic field with a root mean square value of 10 V/m in the range from 0.1 to 150 Hz and 5 V/m in the frequency range from 150 to 500 MHz with amplitude modulation with a depth of 50% at a frequency of 1 kHz.

The detector must remain operational when exposed to an electromagnetic field in accordance with GOST R 50009:

2nd degree of hardness - detectors for enclosed spaces;

3rd degree of hardness - detectors for open areas.

It is allowed to set a higher degree of rigidity.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.7 Impulse shock (mechanical)

The detector must remain operational after striking with an aluminum alloy hammer at a speed of (1.5 ± 0.125) m/s, with an impact energy of (1.9 ± 0.1) J.

The strength of the radio interference field created by the detector during operation must comply with GOST R 50009.

5.2.9 Nonlinear voltage distortion in the network

The values ​​of the parameters characterizing nonlinear distortions in the alternating current network, under which the detector must remain operational, are established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors in accordance with GOST R 50009.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.10 Short-term interruption of mains voltage when the detector is powered from an AC mains

The parameter value at which the detector must remain operational is established in the technical specifications for detectors of a specific type in accordance with GOST R 50009.

(New edition. Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.11 Long interruption of mains voltage when the detector is powered from an AC mains

The parameter value at which the detector must remain operational is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors in accordance with GOST R 50009.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.2.12 High humidity

Meaning high humidity, at which the detector must remain operational, it must be:

- 98% at a temperature of 25°C - detectors for enclosed spaces;

- 100% at a temperature of 25°C with moisture condensation - detectors for open areas .

(New edition. Amendment No. 1).

5.3.1 The detector according to the method of protecting people from electric shock according to GOST 12.2.007.0 must belong to the protection class:

0 - detectors for enclosed spaces;

01 - detectors for open areas

5.3 Safety requirements

5.3.1 According to the method of protecting people from electric shock, the detector must belong to protection class 0 according to GOST 12.2.007.0.

5.3.2 The value of electrical insulation strength is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors in accordance with GOST 12997.

5.3.3 Meaning electrical resistance circuit insulation is installed in the technical specifications or detectors of specific types in accordance with GOST 12997.

5.3.4 The detector must meet fire safety requirements for GOST R IEC 60065.

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.4 Reliability requirements

The average time between failures of the detector in standby mode must be at least 60,000 hours.

5.5 Interface

5.5.2 The detector must transmit a notification in one of the following ways:

a) opening the electronic key or relay contacts;

b) in the form of sending a code combination over wired or wireless communication lines.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.5.3 The voltage switched by the detector output contacts must be at least 72 V at a current of at least 30 mA.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.5.4 Output impedance should be:

no more than 30 Ohm- in standby mode;

not less than 200 kOhm - in “Alarm” mode.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.5.5 The requirements for sending a code combination are established in the technical specifications for detectors of a specific type.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.5.6 The detector must have a light indication, the functions of which must be established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

5.5.7 The detector must have an electronic key or normally closed contacts at its output that open when an alarm is issued, unless the manufacturer specifies other requirements.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

5.6 Design requirements

The design of the detector must ensure the degree of protection of the enclosure IP 41 according to GOST 14254.

The detector must be provided with means that allow it to be securely fastened.

The design of the detector must ensure the degree of protection of the shell in accordance with GOST 14254:

- IP41- detectors for enclosed spaces;

- IP54 - detectors for open areas.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

Additional requirements may be established for detectors, provided that they ensure that the parameters of these products comply with the requirements of this standard.

APPENDIX B

(required)

TESTING DETECTORS FOR EXTERNAL FACTORS

6.3.2 Dry heat test

Expose the detector to a temperature of 40 °C at normal atmospheric pressure for a period of time (16 hours). The rate of temperature increase should not exceed 1 °C/min. The moisture content in the ambient air during testing should not exceed 20 g/m3.

Full information about the test is given in GOST 28200 (test B d

The dry heat test is carried out in a climate chamber. The range control is fixed in the selected position. The detector is placed in the chamber and its power is turned on. Raise the temperature in the chamber to the temperature set in the technical specifications. Rate of temperature rise 1 -0,5 ° S/min. Maintain the detector at this temperature with an accuracy of ± 3 °C for 2 hours. During the last hour, the detector should not issue an intrusion notification. Without removing the detector from the chamber, pass your hand in front of the detector entrance window. When testing its functionality, the detector must issue an intrusion notification.

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

6.3.3 Cold test

The detector must be tested in accordance with the requirements below.

Expose the detector to a temperature of 5 °C at normal atmospheric pressure for a certain time (16 hours). The rate of temperature decrease should not exceed 1 °C/min to avoid thermal shock.

Full information about the test is given in GOST 28199 (test A d ). Additional information about testing is given in GOST 28236.

Functional tests of the detector are carried out for a period of time sufficient to maintain the temperature at which the test was carried out.

The cold exposure test is carried out in a climate chamber.

The range control is fixed in the selected position.

The detector is placed in the chamber and its power is turned on. Reduce the temperature in the chamber to the temperature set in the technical conditions. Temperature Decrease Rate 1 -0,5 °C/min.The detector is maintained at this temperature with an accuracy of ±3° C for 2 hours. During the last hour, the detector should not issue an intrusion notification. Without removing the detector from the chamber, move your hand in front of entrance window detector. When testing its functionality, the detector must issue an intrusion notification.

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

6.3.4 Sinusoidal vibration test

The detector must be tested in accordance with the requirements below.

Full information about the test is given in GOST 28203.

Detector functional tests (definition of sensitivity) should be carried out upon completion of the specified test.

The switched-on detector is mounted on the vibration stand sequentially in three mutually perpendicular positions.

Set the vibration frequency to 10 Hz with an acceleration of 0.981 m/s 2 . Changing the frequency at a rate of no more than 1.5 Hz/min, conduct a vibration test for 30 minutes in each of three mutually perpendicular positions. Remove the detector from the stand and carry out a visual inspection and determine the sensitivity of the detector.

The detector must have no visible signs of damage. The sensitivity of the detector must meet the requirements. The permissible deviation of the monitored parameters before and after testing for exposure to sinusoidal vibration is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

6.3.5 Test for electrical impulses in the power supply circuit

Apply 10 positive and 10 negative pulses with a voltage amplitude (peak value) of 500 V, a rising edge duration of 10 ns, and a half-amplitude pulse duration of 0.1 - 1 μs to the mains supply circuit of the switched on detector.

A full description of the test should be given in the relevant part of the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

Testing for the detector's resistance to the effects of electrical pulses in the power circuit is carried out with the detector turned on and configured to the maximum operating range in accordance with GOST R 50009 (test UK 1, UK 2.).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.6 Electrostatic discharge test

Tests are carried out with the detector turned on. A capacitor with a capacity of 150 pF is charged from a direct current source to a voltage of 8 kV and connected with one plate to the grounding bus, and the other through a 150 Ohm resistor and a discharge electrode is brought to the grounded metal part of the detector until a discharge occurs.

At least 10 discharges are passed through the sample with an interval between discharges of at least 1 s.

For detectors that do not have grounded parts, the discharge is carried out on a grounded metal plate located under the detector, which protrudes beyond the detector by at least 0.1 m.

The test for the effects of electrostatic discharge is carried out with the detector switched on and configured to the maximum operating range in accordance with GOST R 50009 (test UE1.).

During the test, the detector shall not produce an intrusion notification. After completion of the test, its sensitivity must meet the requirements.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.7 Electromagnetic field test

When the detector is switched on, expose it to an electromagnetic field with a root mean square value of 10 V/m in the frequency range from 01 to 150 MHz and 5 V/m in the frequency range from 150 to 500 MHz with amplitude modulation with a depth of 50% at a frequency of 1 kHz.

A full description of the test should be given in the relevant part of the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

The test for the influence of electromagnetic fields is carried out with the detector switched on and configured to the maximum operating range in accordance with GOST R 50009 (test UI1.).

During the test, the detector shall not produce an intrusion notification. After completion of the test, its sensitivity must meet the requirements.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.8 Impact test (mechanical)

Place the detector on a solid base and secure it using commonly used fastening elements. Turn on the power to the detector. Fix the range control in the selected position. Strike with an aluminum alloy hammer (A l C u 4 SiMg ) with an energy of (1.9 ± 0.1) J and a speed of (1.5 ± 0.125) m/s in two arbitrarily selected directions parallel to the detector mounting surface during its normal installation at the site of operation, at normal room temperature. The impact surface of the hammer must be designed in such a way that at the moment of impact it is at an angle of 60° to the detector mounting surface. Strike once in each of the selected directions.

A full description of the test, including impact points, should be given in the appropriate part of the specifications for specific types of detectors.

By At the end of the test, there should be no visible signs of damage on the detector. The permissible displacement of the detection zone in relation to that initially established during installation of the detector is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

6.3.9 Measuring the field strength of radio interference generated by the detector

Measurement of the field strength of radio interference created by the detector is carried out in accordance with GOST R 50009.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.10 Test for immunity to the effects of nonlinear voltage distortions in the network

The test for resistance to nonlinear distortion is carried out with the detector turned on and configured to the maximum operating range in accordance with GOST R 50009 according to EI1, EK 1 methods(test UK 5. Hardness level 2).

During the test, the detector shall not produce an intrusion notification. After completion of the test, its sensitivity must meet the requirements.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.11. Test for resistance to short-term interruption of mains voltage

The test for resistance to the effects of a short-term interruption of voltage in the network is carried out with the detector switched on and configured to the maximum operating range in accordance with GOST R 50009 (test UK 3. Hardness level 2).

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.12 Test for resistance to the effects of prolonged interruption of mains voltage

The test for resistance to the effects of a long interruption of voltage in the network is carried out with the detector turned on and configured to the maximum operating range in accordance with GOST R 50009 (test UK 4. Hardness level 2).

During the test, the detector shall not produce an intrusion notification.

(Changed edition. Amendment No. 1).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

6.3.13 High humidity test

The test for exposure to high humidity is carried out in a climate chamber. The range control is fixed in the selected position. The detector is placed on the camera and turned on. Raise the temperature in the chamber at a rate of 1 -0.5 °C/min to the temperature established in the technical specifications, with an accuracy of ± 3 °C. Maintain the detector at this temperature for 2 hours. Increase air humidity at a rate of 0.5%/min to the humidity specified in the technical specifications with an accuracy of ± 3 % And keep the detector in these conditions for 48 hours.

Without removing the detector from the chamber, pass your hand in front of the detector entrance window. When testing its functionality, the detector must issue an intrusion notification.

6.3.14 Transport tests

6.3.14.1 Shock test

The detector in the transport package is secured in accordance with handling instructions. signs on the vibration stand. Tests are carried out with the following parameters:

- number of beats per minute from 10 to 120;

- maximum acceleration 30 m/s 2 ;

- exposure duration 2 hours.

It is permissible to carry out the test under the influence of 15,000 impacts with the same acceleration.

After the test, a visual inspection is carried out and the sensitivity of the detector is determined. The detector must not have visible signs of damage, and its sensitivity must meet the requirements.

6.3.14.2 Cold transport test

The detector in the transport package is placed in a climate chamber and the temperature is reduced at a rate 1 -0,5 °C/min up to minus 50 °C. The temperature in the chamber is maintained with an accuracy of ±3 °C for 6 hours.

The detector is removed from the chamber, unpacked and kept under normal conditions for 6 hours.

6.3.14.3 Test for dry heat during transport

The detector in the transport packaging is placed in a climatic chamber, the temperature is increased at a rate 1 -0,5 °C/min up to 50 °C and keep the detector in these conditions for 6 hours. The temperature in the chamber is maintained with an accuracy of ±3 °C. The detector is removed from the chamber, unpacked and kept under normal conditions for 6 hours.

After the test is completed, a visual inspection is carried out and the sensitivity of the detector is determined. The detector must not have visible signs of damage, and its sensitivity must meet the requirements.

6.3.14.4 Test for exposure to high humidity during transportation

The detector in its transport packaging is placed in a climate chamber. Set the relative air humidity in the chamber (95 ± 3) % at temperature (35 ± 3) ° C and keep the detector under these conditions for 48 hours. The detector is removed from the chamber, unpacked and kept under normal conditions for 6 hours.

After the test is completed, a visual inspection is carried out and the sensitivity of the detector is determined. The detector must have no visible signs of damage, A its sensitivity must meet the requirements.

Note - If, under the conditions of testing the detector for exposure to dry heat, cold, and high humidity, the specified range of temperatures and humidity is equal to or exceeds the corresponding range established under the conditions of similar tests during transportation, then the last tests need not be carried out.

Key words: security alarm, security alarm systems, security detector, passive electro-optical infrared detector, requirements, test methods

RD 78.36.003-2002 provides requirements for security alarm systems.

Protection of the perimeter of the territory and open areas.

Technical means of perimeter security alarms should be selected depending on the type of alleged threat to the facility, the interference situation, the terrain, the length and technical strength of the perimeter, the type of fencing, the presence of roads along the perimeter, the exclusion zone, its width.

The security alarm system for the perimeter of an object is designed, as a rule, to be single-line.

To strengthen security, determine the direction of movement of the intruder, and block vulnerable areas, multi-directional security should be used.

Technical means of perimeter security alarm can be placed on the fence, buildings, structures, structures or in the exclusion zone. Security detectors must be installed on walls, special poles or racks that ensure the absence of vibrations.

Medium- and large-capacity control panels (concentrators), SPI, automated notification transmission systems (ASPI) and radio notification transmission systems (RSPI) can be used as internal security consoles. Internal security consoles can operate both with direct personnel on duty around the clock, and autonomously in the “Self-Security” mode.

Installation of security detectors on the top of the fence should only be done if the fence is at least 2 m high.

At the checkpoint and in the security room, technical devices for graphically displaying the protected perimeter (computer, light board with a mnemonic diagram of the protected perimeter and other devices) should be installed.

All equipment included in the perimeter security alarm system must be tamper-evident.

Open areas with material assets on the territory of the facility must have a warning fence and be equipped with volumetric, surface or linear detectors different operating principles.

Protection of buildings, premises, individual items. All premises with permanent or temporary storage of material assets, as well as all vulnerable areas of the building (windows, doors, hatches, ventilation shafts, ducts, etc.), through which unauthorized entry into the premises of the facility is possible, must be equipped with technical security alarm systems.

Objects of subgroups AI, AII and BII are equipped with a multi-terminal security alarm system, objects of subgroup BI are equipped with a single-terminal alarm system.

The first line of the security alarm, depending on the type of perceived threats to the facility, is to block:

wooden entrance doors, loading and unloading hatches, gates - for “opening” and “destruction” (“break”);

glazed structures - for “opening” and “destruction” (“breaking”) of glass;

metal doors, gates - for “opening” and “destruction”,

walls, ceilings and partitions that do not meet the requirements of this Guiding Document or behind which the premises of other owners are located, allowing for hidden work to destroy the wall - for “destruction” (“break”),

shells of valuable storage facilities - for “destruction” (“break”) and “impact”;

grilles, blinds and other protective structures installed on the outside of the window opening - for “opening” and “destruction”;

ventilation ducts, chimneys, points of input/output of communications with a cross-section of more than 200x200 mm - for “destruction” (“break”);

Protection of site personnel and visitors.

To promptly transmit messages to the central security console (CSC) and/or to the duty department of internal affairs bodies about illegal actions against staff or visitors (for example, robbery, hooliganism, threats), the facility must be equipped with alarm devices (DS): mechanical buttons, radio buttons, radio key fobs, pedals, optical-electronic detectors and other devices.

The alarm system is organized “without the right to switch off.”

Vehicle devices at the site must be installed:

in storage rooms, storerooms, safe rooms;

in weapons and ammunition storage areas;

at cashiers' workplaces;

at the workplaces of personnel performing operations with narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances;

in the offices of the organization’s management and chief accountant;

at the main entrance and emergency exits to the building;

at posts and in security premises located in a building, structure, structure and in a protected area;

in corridors, at doors and openings through which valuables are moved;

in a protected area at the central entrance (entrance) and emergency exits (exits);

in other places at the request of the manager (owner) of the facility or on the recommendation of a private security officer.

Manual and foot devices Vehicles should be placed in places that are as inconspicuous as possible to visitors. Managers, responsible persons, owners of the facility, together with a representative of the private security unit, determine the location of hidden installation of alarm buttons or pedals at employee workplaces.

The management of the facility, security and safety personnel should be equipped with mobile vehicle devices operating via a radio channel (radio buttons or radio key fobs).

Places for storing cash, precious metals, stones and products made from them (cash desks, metal cabinets or safes, cash registers, display cases, trays, sales counters), in addition, must be equipped with special technical means (traps) that form alarms without personnel participation when an intruder attempts to take possession of valuables. The specified technical means must be included in the alarm loops of the facility.

Organization of transmission of information about alarm activation. The transmission of notifications about the activation of a security alarm from the facility to the central monitoring station can be carried out from a small-capacity control panel, an internal security console or terminal notification transmission system (TPS) devices.

The number of security alarm lines displayed at the central monitoring station by separate numbers is determined by a joint decision of the facility management and the private security unit based on the category of the facility, risk analysis and potential threats to the facility, the capabilities of integration and documentation by the security control panel (internal security console or terminal device) of incoming information, as well as the procedure for organizing the duty of security personnel at the facility.

The minimum required number of security alarm lines output to the central monitoring station from the entire protected facility should be for a subgroup.

BI - one combined boundary (the first is the perimeter);

AI, BII - two combined boundaries (the first is the perimeter and the second is the volume).

In addition, if there are special premises at the facility (subgroup AII, safe rooms, weapons rooms and other premises that require increased protection measures), the security alarm lines of these premises are also subject to output to the central monitoring station.

If the facility has an internal security console with round-the-clock duty of its own security service or private security agency, the following will be displayed on the central monitoring station:

one common signal that unites all the boundaries of the facility’s security alarm system, with the exception of the boundaries of the facility’s special premises;

security alarm boundaries (perimeter and volume) of special premises.

At the same time, registration of all incoming information of each premises security line on the internal security console must be ensured.

From protected facilities, “auto-dialing” must be carried out to two or more telephone numbers.

To prevent unauthorized persons from accessing detectors, control panels, junction boxes, and other security equipment installed at the facility, measures must be taken to mask them and install them hidden. The terminal block covers of these devices must be sealed (sealed) by an electrician of the security service or an engineer and technical worker of the private security unit, indicating the name and date in the technical documentation of the facility.

Distribution cabinets intended for crossing alarm loops must be locked, sealed and have locking (anti-tamper) buttons connected to separate numbers of the internal security console "without the right to disconnect", and in the absence of an internal security console - to the central monitoring station as part of the alarm system .

When developing a fire alarm project, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of NPB 88-2001 - “Norms and rules for the design of fire extinguishing and alarm installations.”

The building of a medical institution is an administrative building, therefore its premises, when using automatic fire alarms, should be equipped with smoke fire detectors.

Smoke fire detector is a fire detector that responds to particles of solid or liquid products of combustion and (or) pyrolysis in the atmosphere.

In each protected room, at least two fire detectors should be installed, since the height of the facility premises does not exceed 3.5 m, the maximum distance between detectors is no more than 9 m, and the distance from the sensor to the wall is no more than 4.5 m.

the main factor in the occurrence of a fire outbreak in initial stage is the appearance of smoke;

There may be people present in the protected premises.

Such detectors must be included in a unified fire alarm system with alarm notifications output to a fire alarm control panel located in the premises of the duty personnel. A fire alarm control panel is a device designed to receive signals from fire detectors, provide power to active fire detectors, and issue information on light and sound alarms and central monitoring panels, as well as the formation of a starting impulse for launching a fire control device.

Manual fire call point is a device designed to manually activate a fire alarm signal in fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems.

Manual fire call points should be installed on walls and structures at a height of 1.5 m from the ground or floor level in corridors, halls, lobbies, on staircases, and at building exits.

But an effective fire alarm system must necessarily include a system for alerting people about a fire.

Warning and evacuation control system (WEC) is a set of organizational measures and technical means designed to promptly communicate to people information about the occurrence of a fire and (or) the need for and routes of evacuation. The emergency control system must operate for the time necessary to complete the evacuation of people from the building.

The building of the object in question belongs to the second type of SOUE, therefore, it must be equipped with light “Exit” annunciators and sound annunciators (siren or tinted signal).

To ensure clear audibility, the sound signals of the SOUE must provide a sound level of at least 15 dB above the permissible sound level of constant noise in the protected room.

A combined light and sound siren should be placed on the external wall of the building in front of the entrance.

GOST R 50659-94
(IEC 60839-2-5:1990)

ALARM SYSTEMS
ALARMS

Part 2

Requirements for security systems
alarm

Chapter 5

Radio wave dopplers To not detectors
for enclosed spaces

GOSSTANDARD OF RUSSIA

Moscow

Preface

1 DEVELOPED by the Research Center "Okhrana" (SRC "Okhrana") of the All-Russian Scientific Research CenterO Institute of Fire Defense (VNII PO) Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 234 “Technical means of security, security and fire alarms”

2 ADOPTED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated March 25, 1994 No. 71

3 This standard fully takes into account all indicators and requirements of the international standard IEC 60839-2-5:1990 “Alarm systems. Part 2. Requirements for security alarm systems. Section 5. Radio waves pl erovskie detectors and for enclosed spaces"

(Changed edition, Change No. 1 ).

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

GOST R 50659-94

(IEC 60839-2-5:1990)

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ALARM SYSTEMS

Part 2. Requirements for security alarm systems

Section 5. Radio waves before pl erovs k e detectors for enclosed spaces

Date of introduction 1995 -01 -01

1 area of ​​use

This standard specifies requirements for radio waves up to pl erovski m security detector I m for enclosed spaces (hereinafter referred to as detectors) and their test methods.

The standard isaddition general requirements to security detectors specified in the IEC 60839 standard-2-2 , and should also be used in conjunction with the General Requirements for Alarm Systems standard GOST R 50775 and GOST R 52435 .

The standard establishes requirements for radio wave security detectors, which must ensure their normal functioning with a minimum number of false alarms.

This standard is based on the international standard IEC 60839-2-5. Requirements other than IEC 60839-2-5, which reflect the needs of the national economy, are highlighted in italics in the text of the standard. Link toGOST R 50775 , replacing the reference to IEC 60839-1-1, is underlined in the text with a solid line.

This standard applies to newly developed and modernized detectors.

The standard does not apply to special purpose detectors.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2 Normative references

This standard uses references to the following standards:

5.2.11 (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

5.2.12 High humidity

The value of high humidity at which the detector must remain operational is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

5 .2.13 Transportation

During transportation, the detector in its packaging must withstand:

- transport shaking with an acceleration of 30 m/s 2 at a frequency of blows from 10 to 120 per minute or 15,000 blows;

- ambient air temperature from minus 50 to plus 50 °C;

- relative air humidity (95 ± 3) % at a temperature of 35 °C.

5.3 Safety requirements

Electrical safety of the detector according to GOST R 50571.3 (IEC 364-4-41).

5.3 .1 According to the method of protecting a person from electric shock, the detector must belong to protection class 0 according to GOST 12.2.007.0 .

5.3.2 The value of electrical insulation strength is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors in accordance with GOST 12997.

5.3.3 The value of the electrical insulation resistance of the circuits is established in the technical specifications for And stars and specific types according to GOST 12997.

5.3.4 The detector must comply with fire safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.0 (3.1.10).

5.4 Reliability requirements

Average time between failuresl I in standby mode should be at least 60,000 hours.

In justified cases it is allowed to set the average time between failures of the detector in standby mode at least 30,000 hours for single-position s x notify t oils, and for two- and multi-position limes now The average time between failures is established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

(Changed edition, Change No. 1 ).

5.5 Interface

The detector must have an electronic key or normally closed contacts at its output that open when an alarm is issued, unless the manufacturer specifies other requirements.

5.6 Design requirements

The design of the detector must ensure the degree of protection of the enclosure IP 41 according to GOST 14254.

The design of the detector must ensure b degree shell protection no less IP41 according to GOST 14254.

In the notice a t Means must be provided to allow it to be securely fastened.

APPENDIX B

(required)

Testing of detectors for exposure to external factors in accordance with IEC 60839-2-2 and IEC 60839-1-3 standards

(Changed edition, Change No. 1 ).

6.3.2 Dry heat test

The detector is exposed to a temperature of 40° C for 16 hours. The rate of temperature increase should not exceed 1 °C/min. The moisture content in the ambient air during testing should not exceed 20 g/m3. The distance from the target to the detector when it issues an alarm notification is determined for a time sufficient to maintain the temperature at which the test was carried out.

The dry heat test is carried out in a climate chamber. The range control is fixed in the selected position. The detector is placed in the chamber and its power is turned on. Increase the temperature in the chamber to the temperature specified in the technical specifications. Rate of temperature rise(1 -0,5) ° S/min. Maintain the detector at this temperature with an accuracy of ±3 °C for 2 hours. Ambient air humidity during testing should not exceed (8 0 ± 3)%.Remove the detector from the chamber and within 5 min measure the distance from a standard target to the detector at which it issues an alarm notification (about penetration), in accordance with . Deviation of distance values ,on which the issue took place notification Intrusion notices before and after dry heat testing may be installed b no more than 15%.

6.3.3 Cold exposure test

The detector is exposed to a temperature of 5 °C for 16 hours. The rate of temperature decrease should not exceed 1 °C/min. The distance from the target to the detector when it issues an alarm notification is determined for a time sufficient to maintain the temperature at which the test was carried out.

The cold exposure test is carried out in a climate chamber. The range control is fixed in the selected position. The detector is kept in normal conditions for 2 hours. The detector is placed in the chamber and its power is turned on. Reduce the temperature in the chamber to the temperature specified in the technical specifications. Temperature decrease rate (1 -0,5 ) °C/min. Maintain the detector at this temperature with an accuracy of ±3 °C for 2 hours. Remove the detector from the chamber and within 5 minutes measure the distance from the standard target to the detector at which it issues an alarm notification (about penetration), in accordance with . The deviation of the distances at which the detector issued an intrusion notification before and after the cold test can be set to no more than 15 %.

6.3.4 Sinusoidal vibration test

The switched on detector is exposed to sinusoidal vibration in the frequency range (10 - 55) Hz with an acceleration of 0.981 m/s 2 (0.1 g ) in three mutually perpendicular planes. After the test, the distance from the target to the detector is measured when it issues an alarm notification.

The test is carried out on a vibration stand with the alarm switched on.T barely. The range control is fixed in the selected position. The detector is mounted on a vibration stand sequentially in three mutually perpendicular positions. Set the vibration frequency to 10 Hz at an acceleration of 0.981 m/s 2 .Changing the frequency at a speed of no more than 1.5 Hz/min, carry out a vibration test for 30 minutes in each of three mutually perpendicular positions. Remove the detector from the stand and measure the distance from the standard target to the detector at which it issues an alarm notification (about penetration), in accordance with. The deviation of the distances at which the detector issued an intrusion notification before and after the sinusoidal vibration test can be set to no more than 15 %.

6.3.5 Test for the influence of electrical impulses in the power circuit

10 positive and 10 negative pulses with a voltage amplitude (peak value) of 500 V, a rising edge duration of 10 ns and a half-amplitude pulse duration of 0.1 are supplied to the mains power circuit of the detector that is turned on.- 1mks.

A full description of the test must be given in the relevant part of the specifications for specific types of detectors.

During the test, the detector shall not produce an alarm notification..

(Changed edition, Change No. 1 ).

6.3.6 Electrostatic discharge test

Tests are carried out with the detector turned on.

Capacitor with capacity150 pF is charged from a direct current source to a voltage of 8 kV and connected with one plate to the grounding bus, and the other through a 150 Ohm resistor and a discharge electrode is brought to the grounded metal part of the detector until a discharge occurs. At least 10 discharges are passed through the sample with an interval between discharges of at least 1 s.

For information sch for those who do not have grounded parts, the discharge is performed on a grounded metal plate located under the lime sch body, which protrudes beyond the detector by at least 0.1 m.

(Changed edition, Change No. 1 ).

6.3.7 Electromagnet impact test nykh fields

The switched on detector is exposed to an electromagnetic field with an averageV adratic voltage value 10 V/m in the range e frequencies from 0.1 to 150 MHz and 5 V/m in the frequency range from 150 to 500 MHz with amplitude modulation with a depth of 50% at a frequency of 1 kHz.

A full description of the test must be given in the relevant part of the specifications on the printed page.sch ateliers of specific types.

During the test, the detector shall not produce an alarm notification.

(Changed edition, Change No. 1 ).

6.3.8 Pulse shock test (mechanical)

The detector is installed on a solid base and secured using commonly used fastening elements. Turn on the power to the detector. The range control is fixed in the selected position. Strikes with an aluminum hammer alloy (AlCu 4 SiMg ) brand D1 By GOST 4784with energy (1.9 ± 0.1)D g and at a speed of (1.5 ± 0.125) m/s in two arbitrarily selected directions parallel to the detector mounting surface during its normal installation at the site of operation, at normal room temperature. The striking surface of the hammer must be designed in such a way that at the moment of impact it is at an angle of 60° to the detector mounting surface. The blows are struck once in each of the selected directions.

A full description of the test, including impact points, should be given in the appropriate part of the specifications for the specific detector types.

At the end of the test, there should be no visible signs of damage on the detector, as well as no displacement of the detection zone boundary in relation to that originally established during installation of the detector.

Monitoring of the detection zone boundary before and after the pulse shock test is carried out in accordance with.

Permissible deviation this parameter are established in the technical specifications for specific types of detectors.

(Changed edition, Change No. 1)).

6.3.13 High humidity test

The test for exposure to high humidity is carried out in a climate chamber. The range control is fixed in the selected position. The detector is placed in the chamber and turned on. Increase the temperature in the chamber at a rate of (1 ° C/min to the temperature specified in the technical specifications, with an accuracy of ±3 °C. Withstand notice l b at this temperature for 2 hours. Increase air humidity at a rate 0,5 %/ m and n to the humidity established in the technical conditions, with an accuracy of ±3% and withstand the notification l b under these conditions for 48 hours. Remove the detector from the chamber and within 5 minutes measure the distance from the standard target to notification I, on which a notice of intrusion is issued to them, in accordance with.

6.3.14.2 Cold exposure test during transportation

The detector in the transport package is placed in a climate chamber and the temperature is reduced at a speed of (1 -0,5 ) °C/min up to minus 50 ° C. The temperature in the chamber is maintained with an accuracy of ±3 °C for 6 hours.

Increase the temperature in the chamber at a rate of (1 -0,5 )°C/min up to temperature (20± 5) °C and keep the detector in these conditions for 2 hours.

The detector is removed from the chamber, unpacked and kept under normal conditions for 4 hours.

6.3. 14.3 Dry heat test during transportation

The detector in the transport packaging is placed in a climatic chamber, the temperature is increased at a rate (1 -0,5 )°C/min up to 50 °C and keep the detector in these conditions for 6 hours. The temperature in the chamber is maintained with an accuracy of ±3 °C. The detector is removed from the chamber, unpacked and kept under normal conditions for 4 hours.

After the test is completed, a visual inspection is carried out and the range of the detector is determined. The detector must not show visible signs of damage, and its range must meet the requirements.

6.3.14.4 Test for exposure to high humidity during transportation

The detector in its transport packaging is placed in a climate chamber. Set the relative air humidity in the chamber to (95 ± 3)% at a temperature of (35 ± 3) °C and keep the detector under these conditions for 6 hours. The detector is removed from the chamber, unpacked and kept under normal conditions for 4 hours.

After the test is completed, a visual inspection is carried out and the range of the detector is determined. The detector must not show visible signs of damage, and its range must meet the requirements.

Key words: security alarm, security alarm systems, security detector, ra d and wave dopplers th security detector, requirements, test methods

Requirements for the technical equipment of facilities with security alarms are set out in VBN V.2.5-78.11.01-2003 ( Engineering equipment buildings and structures. Security alarm systems) and are mandatory for all enterprises, organizations of any form of ownership and individuals carrying out design, installation and commissioning work and commissioning security alarm systems at security facilities Civil service security (GSO) under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.
VBN V.2.5-78.11.01-2003 (Engineering equipment for buildings and structures. Security alarm systems.) puts forward strict requirements for: design documentation for alarm systems and their power supply, equipment for the operator’s workplace, blocking of premises and building structures, installation electrical wiring, installation of security detectors different types, installation of control panels, battery installations, commissioning, commissioning, etc.
The requirements for the technical equipment of objects with security and fire alarm systems are determined by the many years of experience of the units of the State Security Service (GSO) in protecting objects of various forms of ownership and importance, as well as the tactical and technical characteristics of the currently existing technical security equipment (TSF).
Technical strength (engineering protection) and signaling equipment are components facility security systems, the functions of which complement and compensate each other, therefore consider the issue technical protection the object is necessary in the complex.
One of the features that characterizes the reliability of a facility’s security is the structure of the installed security alarm system, which is determined by the number of security lines, protected zones, and alarm loops in each line. An object guarded or monitored by a GSO unit is equipped with one or more security lines. As a rule, a multi-site security system consists of 2-3 alarm loops, which are connected to centralized security or surveillance consoles (CSC) using control panels, telephone lines or a radio channel.
The first line is to block the building structures of the perimeters of objects (window and door openings, hatches, ventilation ducts, thermal inlets, non-permanent walls and other building elements accessible to unauthorized entry). The second frontier
internal volumes and areas of premises are blocked. The third line protects local objects and material assets. At the request of the customer, additional means of so-called alarm and fire alarm systems can be installed at the facility.
Reception and control devices (PKP) and small-capacity concentrators (KME) in security and fire alarm systems are an intermediate link between the primary means of detecting intrusion or fire (sensors) and notification transmission systems (STS) installed on the central monitoring station.
One of the main requirements for PKP and KME is energy independence. In the event of a power outage, it is necessary to maintain control over the alarm loops from the control panel, therefore the control panel and KME must have a backup power supply source.
Technical strengthening and blocking of vulnerable areas of objects by security means should ensure their maximum protection from unauthorized penetration. You can break into any door and open any safe, the only question is time, so it is very important that the alarm systems work at the initial stage of penetration. In this regard, security sensors when blocking vulnerable places in most cases are installed in front of the border mechanical protection.
Most vulnerable building elements objects are external doors, windows and shop windows. Today there is a wide range of sensors with which you can reliably block any structure from opening, destruction or breaking.
Non-visible and non-permanent walls at protected sites are usually reinforced with metal gratings. Particular attention is paid to those walls that border basements, boiler rooms, ventilation rooms, etc. Non-permanent ceilings and floors are also blocked from destruction and, if necessary, strengthened. To block them, ohmic, infrared and seismic sensors are used.
The second line protects approaches to material assets - these are the internal volumes and areas of premises; in addition, blocking loops are connected to the second line, which includes transition doors and electromechanical traps. The requirements for the second line of security mainly come down to the energy independence of electronic detectors and the right choice places of their installation, adjustment and configuration. The purpose of these actions is to effectively block the volume and area of ​​the protected premises. To protect the second boundaries, infrared, radio wave, ultrasonic, optical-electronic and combined electronic detectors are used. At particularly important objects (bank vaults, storerooms, weapons storage rooms, etc.), several electronic detectors, different in physical principle of operation, are used to block the volume and area of ​​the room.
The third line blocks safes, metal cabinets where material assets or directly objects and exhibits are stored. Safes and metal cabinets are blocked by capacitive detectors and other sensors for opening, overturning and thermal effects. For local blocking material assets Point or ohmic sensors are used, the installation of which is carried out hidden.
The choice of the type of point sensors and electronic detectors used for all security lines is made taking into account many factors: climatic conditions, design features protected object, probable routes of penetration, security regime and tactics. The main requirements for point sensors are concealed installation, protection from sabotage and compliance with installation rules. Electromechanical - non-volatile, maximum protection of the protected space or area, protection from influences that cause false alarm signals.

For emergency calls to police security squads, alarm buttons are installed at the facilities. Armed mobile groups of GSO units react to their activation first of all. Alarm buttons are installed hidden; when installing them, the factor of accidental pressing must be excluded. The alarm message is transmitted individually telephone lines, direct communication lines, through compaction equipment over involved telephone lines or using a radio channel.
Television surveillance and access control systems are installed at sites as additional lines of protection, usually at the request of customers.
For particularly important facilities, compliance with the requirements for technical strengthening and equipping them with security and fire alarm systems is mandatory. For everyone else, these requirements are advisory in nature.
Depending on the number of measures carried out by the “Customer” for the technical equipment of its facility, different kinds security or monitoring the condition of technical equipment installed at the facility. Monitoring can be carried out not only over the state of technical alarm systems, but also over individual vulnerable spots or objects of the facility. Today, the range of security services provided by the State Security Service is very wide.
However, it should be noted that if you have your own security system, or you work with a commercial control center, of which there are many today, you can turn a blind eye to all the requirements, to put it mildly.