What types of ball valves exist, their design and installation. How to choose the right flanged ball valve and install it yourself? Flanged ball valve with mating flanges

Living in your house or apartment, you use ball valves every day, and you don’t even notice their importance, but take it for granted.

Probably because before, just a few years ago, these valves were, and at the present time, undoubtedly are more durable than valves of other types. It is worth adding that this is the most popular locking mechanism in use due to its simplicity, reliability and durability. Almost every industry uses this affordable equipment.

Types and design of ball valves for water

In order to commit right choice When purchasing, you first need to understand in detail what exactly ball valves are.

Their ball valves stand out in the following key ways:

The service life of any crane is 50 years;
the manufacturer guarantees 55,000 opening and closing cycles;
the design of the valve allows you to quickly eliminate the leak even in the event of complete depressurization of the system;
laser polishing of the ball;
The gasket is made of FPM (fluorine rubber) and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). These materials are highly resistant to chemical reagents (alkalis, acids, solvents, oxidizers) and are used long years without any maintenance or monitoring.

Production is carried out in modern Italian factories. The technology is focused on the specifics of operating ball valves in Russia, so the products operate smoothly even in difficult climatic conditions.

Installation

Before installation, you need to thoroughly clean the faucet from dust and sand. Installation should only be carried out in the closed position. Cannot be installed ball valve on pipes that are subject to vibration.

Assembly order:

pros

low price;
low weight;
small dimensions;
long working life;
reliability and versatility of the design;
no need to monitor maintenance;
low hydraulic resistance;
can be installed in any position;
tightness of flow shutoff;
possibility of quick covering;
flow supply in any direction.

Minuses

to close the tap, long levers are needed, and when closing automatically, expensive electric drives are needed;
if you open the tap suddenly, a water hammer may occur, which is unacceptable in some systems;
It is prohibited to use a coupling ball valve in heating networks if the flow temperature reaches 100 °C, the pressure in the pipe exceeds 16 bar and the pipe width exceeds 100 mm.

Please note: Coupling valves are very demanding to assemble; careless or inaccurate installation can cause sudden pressure surges, deformation of parts and breakdown of the entire structure. For this reason, taps should not be installed on pipes with sudden pressure surges.

Flanged

A flanged ball valve is a valve whose closing element is shaped like a ball, with a through hole made horizontally for the passage of a substance. The rotation of this ball along the vertical axis reveals a through hole, in open position the flow coincides with the hole of the ball, and in a closed hole the hole is perpendicular to the flow.

Used to close the flow of water, steam, oil, air. Used at medium or flow temperatures above 100 °C and pressure above 16 bar. As a rule, flanged valves are used in conditions where coupling valves can no longer cope due to high temperature or excessive pressure.

If the tap is not turned all the way, you will soon have to wait for precipitation to appear in the product itself. In this case, the tightness is broken and the equipment needs to be repaired or replaced.

A flanged ball valve is assembled from a sealing ring with a hole in the middle; when this hole coincides with the direction of flow, this means that the valve is open. If, on the contrary, the valve is perpendicular to the walls of the pipeline, then the valve is closed.

There are several classifications.

By design, the valve can be of the following type:

direct-flow;
passable;
mixing;
corner

Water passage with flanged ball valves:

full bore (90−100%);
standard (70−80%);
not full bore - (40−50%).

Metal from which the body is cast:

steel;
stainless steel;
brass;
bronze;
cast iron.

When choosing ball valve The greatest attention should be paid to the quality of the parts that make up the crane, this is the key to its durability and efficiency. When choosing, find out what medium it is intended for (gas, water), at what temperature it can operate.

Only following these rules will allow you to make the right choice, and replacing the taps in your apartment will not bring you any problems.

Installation

It is necessary to use flanges that can withstand this pressure. It is important that the flanges are secured and placed level, additional supports are installed on the crane, which has electric drives. After the installation is complete, you need to check if everything is in order. The passage holes must be protected in order to avoid chips and scratches. Manufacturer's packaging should only be removed immediately before installation.

Benefits of use

long term of use;
high degree of tightness of flow closure;
small sizes;
simplicity and reliability of design;
low hydraulic resistance;
installation in any working position;
doesn't need maintenance;
simple opening and closing;
faucets that have a collapsible body can be repaired;
quick overlapping is possible (with manual control).

Flaws

high price;
heavy weight;
When operating manually, you need long handles.

Now you know what ball valves are, their types, what functions they perform, and in what environment they can be used. This is reminiscent of discovering and studying a long-familiar thing. Having familiarized yourself with all the performance characteristics of this type of cranes, you can make a thoughtful purchase and correct installation, which will allow you to use the product for a long time with comfort.

All-welded LD flanged ball valves are produced by ChelyabinskSpetsGrazhdanStroy LLC. They are presented in the catalog in full range. Steel flanged standard bore and full bore LD valves are on sale. Flange valves LD KSh.Ts.F. designed to shut off the working flow in steam and water pipelines operating under pressure up to 40 atm, with temperatures up to 200 degrees Celsius. Below detailed description manufacturing materials:

Frame: steel (St.20, 12Х18Н10Т, 09Г2С)
Ball: stainless steel
DN 15-32: 20X13; DN 40-65: AISI 304; DN 80-700: AISI 409;
Stock: stainless steel (12Х18Н10Т, 20x13)
Rod seal: fluorosiloxane elastomer
Rod seal/sleeve bearing: fluoroplastic F4K20 (PTFE+C, Teflon)
Ball seal: fluoroplastic F4K20 (PTFE+C, Teflon) with a backup seal made of fluorosiloxane elastomer

LD steel flanged ball valves are manufactured in Russia and occupy a leading position in price-quality ratio. A full production cycle within one enterprise ensures maximum product quality.

Control options for flanged valves LD KShTsF

DN 15-250: handle - painted carbon steel with polymer tip

DN 300-700: mechanical gear included

Types of shut-off valves

Shut-off pipeline valves (taps), depending on the shape of the working body, are divided into cone-shaped, cylindrical and ball. Cylindrical valves are used quite rarely, in contrast to cone-shaped or plug valves, which have a large number of design solutions and are widely used as shut-off valves.

Cone-shaped stopcocks

The manufacture and operation of plug valves poses two rather difficult tasks for designers - to ensure the tightness of the contact between the cone-shaped surfaces of the plug and the body, and at the same time to create conditions for the smooth rotation of the plug, without jamming and deformation of the seals. One of possible solutions last problem- production of plugs and bodies of pipeline valves from materials with a low coefficient of friction, for example, cast iron, bronze or brass. However, such materials impose restrictions on the practice of using cone valves, limiting it to a pressure of 1.6 MPa. Repair work and operating costs when using such valves are high, since the contact surfaces require careful lubrication, and sealing gaskets, for example, in stuffing box valves, wear out quickly and require replacement. The procedure for grinding in the plug, on which the tightness of the faucet depends, is somewhat difficult. Another disadvantage is the adjustment of this type of shut-off valve in order to ensure a stable turning force of the plug, therefore such valves are operated mainly manually and are practically not used with electric or pneumatic actuators.

Ball Valves

A good alternative to cone-type valves are ball valves, in which the working element has a spherical shape. This position is locking pipeline fittings has been known on the market for a long time, but became widely used relatively recently, approximately ten years ago, thanks to the use of new materials (synthetic rubbers, stainless alloys and fluoroplastic) in the manufacture of sealing rings, which made it possible to ensure complete shutoff of the transported medium. The tightness of the overlap and high reliability of ball valves ensured not only their high competitiveness in relation to traditionally used cone-shaped valves, but also allowed them to occupy a leading position in the market of shut-off pipeline valves.

In general, the design of the ball shut-off valve includes a body, O-rings, a ball-shaped bolt, a manual handle and a spindle that transmits mechanical force from the handle to the bolt.

Shut-off valves with floating ball

Depending on the type of shut-off element, ball valves are divided into valves with a “floating” ball and with a ball in supports.

The main feature of shut-off valves with a “floating” ball is that the spindle is not rigidly connected to the spherical plug, so the ball can move towards the spindle and, under the influence of external pressure, be pressed against the sealing rings, sealing the valve. The limitation when using a “floating” type ball valve is the diameter of the nominal diameter, since its large value when high blood pressure places large stresses on the sealing rings and can lead to operational difficulties shut-off equipment, therefore the recommended pipeline diameter should not exceed 200 mm.

Stopcocks with ball supports

Shut-off valves of this type have a ball-shaped valve that is installed and rotated in supports. The protrusion at the bottom of the valve fits into a special recess, and the sealing rings are pressed tightly against the ball under pressure, ensuring complete tightness of the valve and minimizing the effort to operate it. But, despite the fact that this design of a ball valve requires low-power drive technology, the cost of such valves is quite high due to the complexity of their design.

NAVAL flanged ball valves

Depending on the method of attachment to the pipeline, ball valves are divided into flanged, welded, coupling and union. One of the most popular types of ball valves is flanged ball valves, which are attached to the pipe via a flange, are easy to install and dismantle and provide reliable shutoff of the flow of the working medium.

The design of flanged ball valves involves an all-welded body with branch pipes, made of high-quality stainless steel, and a spherical shut-off body located inside. The L-shaped rings adjacent to the ball on both sides are reinforced with carbon-Teflon sealing gaskets. Due to the fact that Teflon gaskets are tightly pressed to the steel “floating” ball by disc springs, flanged ball valves withstand pressure drops well and are resistant to aggressive influences. chemical media. Moreover, this design, when pressure increases, allows the “floating” ball to move to the sealing point, which only increases the tightness of the ball valve.

Our assortment includes a large selection of flanged ball valves from the Finnish company NAVAL. The locking products of this company have high tightness of closure, speed, ease of operation, long service life and minimal costs for repair maintenance, since ball valves do not require maintenance, lubrication or tightening. The design of NAVAL ball valves does not have heavy elements made using casting technology and is quite easy to install. Excellent performance characteristics, low percentage operation failures and high reliability of Finnish NAVAL ball valves allows them to be widely used as shut-off devices in heat supply, on main pipelines with various transported media (water, including oxygen-free, oil) and on production technological lines.

Small size ball valves (up to 150 mm diameter) are supplied as standard: manual drive- removable handle that can be moved 180 degrees. Ball valves of larger diameter for main or industrial networks, as a rule, are equipped with a gearbox, hydraulic, pneumatic or electric drive, which reduces the effort to open them several times. Moreover, the drive mechanism can be installed after installing the valve on the pipeline. The line of the “flanged ball valves” category, presented in our electronic catalog, includes ball valves with a manual handle and gearbox. Flange connections of ball shut-off valves are made according to European DIN standards, which facilitates the installation of fittings on the pipeline.

Flange valves are shut-off valves, the use of which turned out to be so simple and convenient that with their advent the number of valves has dropped significantly.

Connection methods and piping

The main classification of this reinforcement is based on the connection method. There are coupling, welded, flanged and fitting. Flange valves are most often used in cases where it is necessary to install shut-off valves on a pipeline industrial use. Systems of this type include the following networks:

utility pipelines;
systems for transmitting oil working medium;
oil pipelines;
networks for cooling and compressed air supply;
gas pipelines.

In addition, flanged valves are actively used in industries such as agriculture and shipbuilding.

Detailed classification

The main element of this shut-off valve is the ball valve. Inside this part there is also a hole of square and round section. In order to secure the valve inside the faucet, a wide variety of fasteners and gaskets are used to create a tight seal. The fastening is carried out directly to the tap, with the help of which the flow of the working medium is subsequently controlled. The flange valve has only two positions; it can be either completely open or completely closed.

Currently, such fittings are produced in a very wide range of diameters - from 15 mm to 1400 mm. However, most often they resort to using a tap when the diameter of the pipeline network is 50 mm or more.

Next, it should be taken into account that the ball can be positioned in two ways, which depend on the diameter of the tap. If the device has a small diameter, then the ball is floating. If the indicator exceeds 50 mm, then the ball is sealed on the supports. It is also worth adding that distinctive feature steel flanged valves have become that they have a very high strength, which allows them to be used in environments with high pressure.

Various device characteristics

Since any equipment needs repair, according to the method of repair, cranes are also divided into two categories. The first group is non-separable devices with a cast one-piece body. If they fail, they cannot be repaired; the fittings must be replaced with new ones. The second group is collapsible locking parts, consisting of two parts connected into a single body. It is not difficult to disassemble it, and therefore it is possible to replace only worn parts, and not the entire fittings.

In addition, the division is also carried out according to the class of drive that is used in the device. Standard models have a manual gearbox. Next come cranes with electric drives, but their installation requires additional supports. The third type is valves with pneumatic drive. Another pretty one important characteristics- this is the degree of omission of the working environment. There are partial bore models that allow up to 50% of the working environment to pass through. Standard views pass from 70 to 80%. Full bore models - more than 90% of the substance.

Prices of ball flange valves

Naturally, the cost of these devices depends entirely on their characteristics, as well as on the manufacturer. For example, shut-off valves with a diameter of 100 mm cost about 3,500 rubles. Moreover, it has the following characteristics:

The price of flanged valves greatly depends on what type of medium you will have to work with: water, air, petroleum products, fuels and lubricants, as well as liquids that do not contain abrasive impurities.
The working pressure in such taps can reach 1.6 MPa.
The maximum permissible temperature of the working substance is 200 degrees Celsius.

Such models are produced in Russia, their weight is about 13 kg. There are similar flanged ball valves, the price of which is about 3,400 rubles. They are produced by Also, also located in Russia. If we talk in general about the difference in amount, then the cost of such a crane starts from 3,300 and can reach 44,000 rubles.

Material, installation and operation

Cast iron and stainless steel can be used as raw materials for the production of these devices. If we talk about the operation of these devices, they can only be used where it is necessary to either pass or block the flow of the working substance. These devices cannot be used as a regulator. During the installation process of a 100mm flanged ball valve or any other, it is important to consider several parameters.

Valve control type and piping type.
The direction of laying the network is horizontal or vertical.

In order to install a crane, you must complete several mandatory steps:

Before proceeding with installation, you need to conduct a complete audit of the device. It is important that the device is not damaged in any way.
Next, you need to check the valve and pipeline for such a parameter as alignment.
Direct installation of fittings is carried out between the pipe flanges. Seals must be used.
Before proceeding with the installation of the fittings, it is also important to carry out axial alignment. In other words, it is necessary to tighten the bolts as evenly as possible along the entire perimeter.

Terms of use

When operating these devices, you must follow a couple of simple rules.

Firstly, it is important to regularly carry out technical inspections of an 80 mm flanged valve or any other. The frequency of this type of inspection directly depends on the operating conditions and the working environment. However, the time difference under any circumstances cannot be more than 6 months.

Secondly, if the valve is almost always operated in one position, that is, open or closed all the time, then it is necessary to periodically change its position. This procedure will prevent the appearance of deposits on the surface of the spherical structural element, which will significantly increase its service life. Such work must be carried out two to four times a year.

Pros, cons and reviews

Among the undoubted advantages, it is worth highlighting high reliability and the almost complete absence of the need for constant maintenance. Also significant is the low resistance to hydraulic flow and the ability to completely block the flow of the substance.

The disadvantages include the fact that if it manual type, then it has a rather long handle, which has to be taken into account during installation. It is also worth saying that the weight of flanged valves is quite large.

As for reviews of this product, they are mostly positive. The greatest recognition among buyers was received by such companies as Bugatti, FAR, Oventrop. These manufacturers have proven their products to be one of the most reliable. Some negative reviews are mainly due to the fact that the products were purchased of poor quality. Most often, the problem is the metal from which the faucet is made.

Flange has found wide application in many areas. For example, it can be seen on pipelines used in the gas, oil, chemical, food industries, as well as in other areas. A steel flanged ball valve is used for the transportation of petroleum products, hydrocarbons, liquids and gases as a shut-off valve. In addition, this device has found wide application in areas such as ventilation, water and gas supply. It is also actively used in agriculture and shipbuilding. This device is designed to shut off the flow or to release it into the pipe. flanged is also used for steam supply, as well as when working in temperature conditions up to 250 degrees Celsius.

It cannot be used for throttling. This type of tap cannot be used to adjust the flow pressure of a shut-off device. This is due to the fact that such devices have only two states: completely closed or open. These devices use a ball as a locking part, which is why they got their name. Cranes are made from three types of materials, the choice of which depends on the intended working environment. Stainless steel is designed to function in corrosive environments; Art. 20 is intended for work under normal conditions; 09G2S - for sulfur version. It is unacceptable to use a flanged ball valve in pipelines where there is a possibility of passage of a flow of untreated liquids with solid impurities. This can cause abrasion of the chassis, and then leaks. This type of device should not be used as a shut-off device for silty, viscous or viscous liquids. There is a fairly high risk of sediment, which can adversely affect time useful application devices. The standards for using this type of equipment specified in the instructions should be strictly observed. The load on the faucet cannot be increased; it should not be used when partially opened as a flow regulator.

Steel flange may have certain design features. The first type has a locking part that is not connected to the spindle. The ball element moves freely in relation to it. When environmental pressure is applied to the ball from the inlet side, it is pressed against the sealing element, ensuring sealing and shutting off the flow. This design can be used with a diameter not exceeding two hundred millimeters. This choice of dimensions makes it possible to reduce the load that is created by the locking element in relation to the sealing ring.

The flanged ball valve of the second type involves the ball being on supports. The locking product in such structures is mounted due to the presence of an axial protrusion. When pressure arises from the seat, pressure occurs against the spherical support. This design of the ball valve reduces the force required to lock or unlock it.