Size of window openings for private houses. Standard window opening: what dimensions must be observed during construction

The structures are being erected in several stages. The house must be durable. There are several standards that many materials must meet. They are called GOSTs. The window opening must also correspond to them. Standards regulate materials and sizes.

Opening sizes

Standard sizes window openings are intended for the design of a house, as well as for its construction. These rules are also used when building a private house. The sizes allow you to save not only time, but also money. Therefore, many people ask: are there GOST sizes of window openings?

You can make any window, but there are rules. If the window has two sashes, the standard size will be 1300 high by 1350 wide (mm). There are also 1400*1300 mm. and 1450*1500 mm. — For three-leaf windows, the dimensions are: 1400*2050 mm, 2040*1500 mm. and 2040*1350 mm.

Types of window openings:

• Arched.
• In a niche.
• Curved.
• Regular rectangular.
• Panoramic.
• With rotating frame.
• With a curved top.
• With sliding frame.
• With fold binding.
• French.
• Bay window.

Types of window openings

Window opening: how to determine width and height

When choosing a window opening, the dimensions may vary. To determine the window area, use the area of ​​the room or the dimensions of the house. This will be influenced by the glazing pattern. Currently there are GOST standards for windows.

Window opening GOST 11214-86. says that the minimum height should be 1160, maximum 2060 mm. Minimum width 870, maximum 2670 mm. However, lighting also affects these dimensions; do not forget about the features of the room.

Before building a house, you need to be very careful about the size of the windows. The window sizes must be optimal. According to GOST it is provided total area windows should not exceed 6 m2, the area of ​​the opening part should not be more than 2.5 m2. To obtain quality, reliability and practicality in the glazing of your future home, you need to strictly comply with all the requirements of building codes and regulations and, of course, the state standard. If during construction country house you have decided on the device panoramic glazing, then you need to take into account that the area of ​​​​one stained glass window is no more than 6 m2. This will save you from a lot of misunderstandings, and suppliers will provide you with a wide selection of window units.

Upon purchase finished products, first of all, you need to pay attention to the area of ​​​​the opening parts. Their size should not exceed 2.5 m2. Otherwise, you need to require a quality certificate and a test certificate for safe operation. The reason is non-compliance with the state standard ensuring the safe use of the product.

It is imperative to check that the mass of the opening elements is no more than 80 kg (according to GOST - maximum 75). This can lead to destruction of the window unit and injury to users.

Windows must open into the interior of the room, except for those opening onto a balcony or loggia; otherwise, this must be indicated in the project.

Competent calculation of GOST window sizes is carried out according to special generally accepted formulas.

Window openings must be designed taking into account GOST standards. GOST assumes a state standard.

This standard will help you understand the features, main advantages and disadvantages of wooden, plastic, and PVC windows.

It should be noted that it is in GOST 11214-86 and GOST 23166-99 “Wooden windows and balcony doors with double glazing for residential and public buildings» all the requirements and features of windows and doors and their standardization are spelled out.

Special standardization was carried out for all features and standards for opening and window sizes were designated for heights of 60, 90, 120, 135, 150, 180 cm, and widths of 60, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180.

So, GOST specifies the following values: 560x870 (opening 610x910); 560x1170 (opening 610x1210); 860x870; 860x1170; 860x1320; 860x1470; 1160x870(1170, 1320,1470); 1460x(1170, 1320,1470).

Standard window sizes GOST

All windows have differences and, according to GOST, are divided according to methods into rooms that open inward, open outward, and do not open (they are most often called blind). At the same time, GOST states that it is inappropriate to use fixed windows above the first floor, because there is no possibility of ventilating the premises. The exception is window units facing the balcony and having dimensions of 400 x 800. The installation of fixed windows in other rooms is specified in the project.

In typical rooms, window sizes often have their own characteristics and can be different.

That's why standard windows GOST dimensions in some cases may indicate approximate values ​​and may be subject to adjustment. When manufacturing window blocks, deviation is allowed linear dimensions+2 and -1 mm. The deviation of the diagonal size of a rectangular window block with a side length of up to 1400 mm is allowed 2 mm, if the side is longer, then 3 mm.

Dimensions according to standards can be different, for example, up to 15 cm, and in panel rooms the average size of a window with 2 sashes is 1.3 m in height and 1.4 m in width. Three-leaf windows have a height of 1400 mm and a width of 2050 to 2750 mm.

For example, in Khrushchev-type premises, windows that have wide window sills have dimensions of approximately 1.45 m by 1.5 m, and with narrow window sills – 1.3 m by 1.35 m. These values ​​will quite help you decide on a more affordable price for PVC windows.

Thus, the dimensions of windows in a Khrushchev building largely depend on the width of the window sill itself.

When calculating attic window units, typical standard dimensions are taken as a basis, but the angle of inclination of the roof must always be taken into account. The more flat the roof, the higher the height of the window. The distance between the rafters should be 40-60 mm larger size window.

GOST dimensions for plastic windows

Currently, plastic windows are found and manufactured in all sizes and shapes of varying degrees of complexity.

Plastic windows today are the most optimal and popular type of windows, since they are very practical, electrostatic, frost-resistant and quite reliable.

That is, all the necessary thermophysical and mechanical parameters are properly observed. Plastic windows today are already quite affordable for the masses.

When purchasing and installing such windows, you must also take into account GOST dimensions for plastic windows.

According to GOST, standard sizes of plastic windows are not universal: their sizes can vary up to 10-15 cm.

For example, the dimensions of a double-leaf window in panel house equal to 1300 by 1400 mm. The size of a three-leaf window is 2050-2070 mm by 1400 mm. The remaining parameters have windows in Khrushchev-era premises: 1450 by 1500 mm and 1300 by 1350 mm and 2040 by 1500 mm.

Determine the dimensions of the standard plastic window and do correct calculation approximate cost is possible only by knowing the type of house.

IN Lately very frequent cases have been noticed when many orders are received for the production of large windows. Large plastic windows look quite aesthetically pleasing, attractive and solid.

Interesting! Plastic are flowing and there are puddles on the windowsill (Water),

It can be made larger, but you need to take into account the fact that this option will be very unreliable and the structure will soon deteriorate.

In the case of having blind sashes, we note that the optimal solution would be if they were not made larger than 1000 sq. m. mm, otherwise a huge load will be felt on the glass unit, which will lead to defects and various damages.

In fact, you can order plastic windows of any size, even non-standard ones; another question is whether this window will fit your room and look neat and be reliable.

Based on economic considerations, a standard plastic window will cost you less than a non-standard one ordered.

PVC window sizes according to GOST

Nowadays it is very common to find windows made of PVC structures. The number of companies that offer such plastic windows is growing rapidly.

But obviously, all products cannot be of the required quality and directly depend on the literacy and high professionalism of specialists.

Standard PVC (polyvinyl chloride) windows, as a rule, are characterized by reliability, a high degree of tightness and an attractive appearance, although they are not without drawbacks.

However, old wooden windows cannot be compared with a new plastic window in all these characteristics, even if it is made from the most ordinary PVC system.

Dimensions of PVC windows according to GOST. When it is necessary to install PVC windows, you need to be especially careful about the installation norms and standards.

If this type of window faces the street and you do not have air conditioning, then the thickness of the glass unit must be at least 32 mm.

And if the PVC window faces glass balcony, then standard 24 mm will be enough.

Guided by established standards, a good distance between the glasses is 10-16 mm.

If the distance is made smaller, then the thermal insulation process of the window will not be as effective.

Wooden windows gost size

Wooden windows are currently not as popular as they used to be, but are still used to this day. Wooden windows are characterized by aesthetic appearance.

Standard wooden windows include rectangular windows that have a transparent transparent or opaque paint coating.

Intensity of room lighting;

Type and dimensions of the building;

Level of natural light and others.

If windows are manufactured in accordance with GOST requirements, then the customer must be completely confident that this product will be as reliable, efficient and durable as possible.

In other words, such windows will be characterized by an excellent guarantee of quality, safety and long service life.

By by and large GOST implies threshold indicators and real optimal schemes, focuses on methods that maximally satisfied the main requirements of the building.

That is why it is so important to know the requirements and standards of GOST.

You can also watch a video instruction on how to install plastic windows yourself

"Windows are the eyes of the house." This is what a wise man once said, hinting to the young housewife that the windows should be clean. But this article will not talk about detergents for windows, but about their size.

What are standard dimensions for a private house and for an apartment? And what mistakes to avoid when measuring windows?

Standard window size for residential premises

A window is one of the most important things that influence the appearance of the building. Because of this, they are chosen in such a way that they look natural on the facade. We recommend that work with windows: manufacturing, installation, adjustment be carried out by specialists from the Windows Expert company (https://okna.expert/)

In a private house

Window opening standards exist to regulate light in private homes and more.

The characteristics of window openings come from what the room is intended for, but It also provides:

Based on building codes, we calculate window standards. In addition, they are designed for cleaning twice a year, and for areas with poor ecology – 4 times a year.

Now they also provide number of glasses in the package and the distance between them - for each customer the refractive index of the beam will not be calculated, and the illumination will decrease.

If you take single-hung windows, then their usual width and height vary from 470Х470 mm to 1470Х870 mm. Naturally, everything here depends on the dimensions of the opening.

Let's look at double- and triple-hung windows. Double sash windows vary from 570Х1170 mm to 1470Х1470 mm. Window opening with three sashes varies from 1170Х1770 mm to 1470Х2070.

Do you know how to do plastic slopes for windows with your own hands? Details are in this article.

In the apartment

Now let's look at the standards of windows in an apartment panel building. Everybody is here depends on the type of house:

How to choose?

Don't trust standard sizes because they don't exist at all- the thickness of the walls and the height of the openings in all houses are different, and accordingly, the standards are different.

It is necessary to invite a measurer who will correctly measure the measurements, that is, height and width. However, preliminary measurements to calculate the approximate cost ready-made design, you can produce it yourself.

In rooms where residents and their guests will stay for a long period of time, the ratio of windows to room area should be 1:8.

If the window is the only one in the room - place it in the center long wall and higher- in this case, the light will fall evenly throughout the room and flow evenly. The upper slope should not be created too far from the ceiling.

When searching for the optimal size and shape for a window, you need to approach it wisely and take into account several features. One of these is the degree of illumination. In order to plan the dimensions of the openings well, and most importantly, correctly, The following rules must be observed:

1. The most comfortable lighting for a person is the kind of lighting in which the width of the windows is at least 55% of the width of the entire room.
2. According to the rules, the lowest illumination is achieved provided that the glazing area is at least 10-12.5% ​​of the total room area.

The most ideal proportions are considered to be a rectangle with a width to height ratio of 80x130 cm. Such windows are easy to use, and do not create unnecessary load on the fittings.

Standards according to GOST

For window opening standards, there is a State Standard regulation numbered 11214-86. This standard also determines the dimensions for balcony doors. According to this GOST, the width of the windows varies 870 – 2670 mm, height 1160 – 2060.

The table below will introduce you to typical window sizes according to GOST.

Regular window width calculated taking into account the purpose of the building, for each room and premises, its location and dimensions, since the level of natural sunlight, depending on geographic location, determines the degree of illumination.

Standard frames manufactured according to GOST, since it is important for windows to provide the necessary amount of daylight in the house.

Thus, the dimensions for a two- and three-leaf window manufactured in accordance with GOST must be 1300Х1400 mm and 2050Х1400 mm.

On the value of these characteristics the following factors influence:

• the area of ​​this room;
• required degree of illumination;
• architectural features of the structure and the premises itself.

Based generally accepted norms, window area comes from the area of ​​the room, and the size of the house itself. What does the size of the opening affect? First of all, on the glazing of the window, how many sashes there will be and the shape itself.

As you can see, choosing window sizes is a rather labor-intensive task. It is necessary to prevent damage to the frame and materials. The best way out- hire a measurer, so that he does everything professionally. It’s better to overpay, but then enjoy well-placed and not crooked windows, than to suffer with the sizes.

Watch this video about optimal sizes window opening:

A bright room always seems more lived-in and cozy than one into which the sun's rays do not shine. The function of windows is precisely to provide the required level of natural light. A standard window opening has dimensions that best meet this task and do not jeopardize the integrity of the entire house.

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What is GOST?

In order not to endanger human health and life, do not jeopardize environment, plants and animals, as well as in order to protect public and private property, special standards for goods and products have been developed. The abbreviation GOST is an abbreviation for state standards. The compositions, methods and production technologies they recommended were mandatory requirements until 2011.

Since September 2011, compliance with GOST standards has been made a voluntary procedure. Technical regulations began to form the basis new system standardization. But if we are talking about the life and health of people or the preservation of the environment and property, then GOSTs must still be strictly observed. Standard sizes of window openings also fall under the category of mandatory and unchangeable values.

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If we are talking about construction work, then, in addition to GOST, when constructing residential buildings, it is customary to focus on one more type of documents. SNiPs are building codes and rules that regulate urban planning activities.

Why know the standards?

Replacement wooden windows on PVC structures - a large-scale process launched throughout the country. Advertising brochures various companies often contain a schematic image of a window or balcony block with an indication of the price. And it is not at all a fact that the width or height shown in the diagram will at least approximately resemble the dimensions of the openings in your house. That is why the visit of a measurer is a prerequisite when ordering plastic windows. The fact is that brick and panel houses built at different times are characterized by significant variation within the limits of a single window opening standard.

Knowledge of GOST standards will also be required when building a private house. Height and width of window and doorways may differ slightly from state standards, but following these recommendations is the key to the safety and comfort of your future home.

Stalinists, Khrushchevs, Brezhnevs: how did standards change?

The renovation of the housing stock, unfortunately, is not being carried out at the speed with which the residents of old pre-revolutionary houses would like it. But at the beginning of the 20th century they built thoroughly, so many objects with high ceilings, thick walls and large footage of rooms will still stand for a long time. For those who decide to install plastic structures in such houses, you should know that the standard window opening in them has the following dimensions:

• window with 1 sash – 85 × 115 cm or 115 × 190 cm;
• design with 2 doors - 130 × 220 cm, 115 × 190 cm, 150 × 190 cm;
• openings for a window with three sashes were made in one version - height 240 cm, width 210 cm.

The construction period from 1930 to 1960 was marked by the construction of beautiful brick houses. Bas-reliefs and stucco on facades lined with granite or plastered looked monumental, corresponding to rooms with large footage and high ceilings.

Typical building 1950-1985 - the complete opposite of the “Stalinists”. Three- to five-story panel or brick buildings were distinguished by small rooms. The low ceiling height completed the feeling narrow space. The standard window opening in them changed its size depending on the building material (brick or panel blocks).

The Brezhnevkas, which had an improved layout, were equipped with convenience elements in the form of elevators and garbage chutes. Nine-story buildings, depending on whether they belonged to one of the three series, could have different window openings.

Table 1. Standard sizes of window openings in houses of the Stalin, Brezhnev and Khrushchev eras

Dimensions of window openings in typical new buildings

Modern developers are building houses in more than 40 series. Naturally, the width and height of window and door openings will be different. Sometimes the difference is 1-2 cm, but in some cases it reaches more than 20 centimeters. The dimensions are regulated by one general GOST 11214-86, and differences in the height and width of doorways, as well as windows, depend on the area of ​​the room. It is clear that in a spacious room with high ceilings and in a small bedroom, the required level of illumination will be obtained through different openings.

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Returning to GOST 11214-86, it should be noted that the recommended window dimensions are 87-267 cm in width and 116-206 cm in height. According to it, in modern new buildings the parameters of doorways fit into two standard widths: 72 and 87 cm.

Table 2. Standard window openings in modern houses

Is there a standard for PVC windows?

The technology for producing plastic windows does not limit the manufacturer in size and shape. Non-standard window openings are successfully glazed with PVC structures. Certain nuances exist, but they are related to design features windows, profile capabilities and weight of the glass unit.

For example, even blind sashes with an area of ​​more than 1 m² are not recommended to be made without an impost. The profile of such glass will withstand, but under own weight it will sag and collapse.

For pivoting sashes, a proportion must be observed, according to which the height should be significantly greater than the width. Otherwise, even the most durable fittings will not work.

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With all the numerous possibilities that manufacturers claim PVC structures, it should be remembered that any deviation from standard sizes or the shape of window openings inevitably leads to an increase in the price of the product. Therefore, standard window models for both private and commercial apartment buildings will always be much cheaper.

A light source that could replace natural light has not yet been invented. A lot can depend on it. For example, a lack of vitamin K, which is formed under the influence sun rays can lead to the development of serious diseases. In addition, a person’s mood is highly dependent on sunlight. If you are constantly in indoors, then you can seriously undermine your health. That is why windows are needed so that the rays can enter the house. You cannot install them at random, so it is important to know the size of the windows in a private house. What are the standards for windows and what should be followed when installing them? This will be discussed in the article.

Primary requirements

Most often, windows are made to order, but an opening must already be provided for them, so even during construction it is necessary to decide where and which windows will be located. A few points can be used as a guide:

• the side of the world that the wall faces;
• purpose of the room;
• room parameters.

Proper layout of the house involves thoughtful placement of rooms. For example, if the bedroom in the house is not combined with a living room or other room, then it is better to choose walls that face the northwest or west. This is due to the way the sun moves throughout the day. In the evening, it turns out to be just at sunset on this side and you can calmly read or do other things. But in the morning the sun will not wake you up, because it is on the opposite side. If we are not talking about a bedroom, but, for example, about a living room, then it makes sense to provide several windows various sizes. In this case, it is desirable that the living room windows overlook south side, you can place it in the southwest. Thanks to this, the room will get maximum amount light throughout the day.

Rooms are rarely available square shape, more often they are rectangular, so the two walls are longer. In this case, it is better to place the windows larger wall. This will provide more light inside the house. If we are talking about a room with the same length of walls, then for a small area one window is enough. It is better to leave the north side for such rooms where the presence of sunlight in large quantities not required. This could be the kitchen or bathroom. For the latter, the size of the opening can be minimal so that heat loss is as small as possible.

Advice! To make it easier to decide what size or how many windows there should be for one room, you must adhere to the rule of ten. It implies the presence of a square window with a side of a meter for every 10 square meters area.

What types of windows are there?

The design of windows may vary depending on their purpose. The main ones are:

• without doors or blind;
• with one leaf;
• with two doors;
• with three doors.

The size of the window can directly depend on the design. Special GOST standards have been developed that regulate window sizes for private houses. Standard height regular window can be from 0.8 to 1.47 meters. The width for such windows varies from 0.4 to 0.87 meters. The size of windows with two sashes is slightly different and can range from 0.57 meters to 1.47 meters, in terms of height. The width is slightly larger than the previous ones and can start from 0.87 meters and reach 1.47 meters. Three doors require large dimensions, so their width can be up to 2.07 meters, and the minimum is 1.77 meters. The height of this structure ranges from 1.17 meters to 1.47 meters.

This does not mean that standards cannot be violated. The numbers are rather given as a sample, but depending on individual project they may vary. It is worth understanding that increasing the window size should affect which profile will be used. If this metal-plastic structures, then it is better to use a profile with more cameras. Neglecting this advice may lead to the destruction of the structure from strong gusts of wind. The larger the window area, the greater its windage.

Which material to choose

During construction modern house The choice of materials is not limited to wood. The same is true with windows. When designing windows, you have to think about what they will be made of. The most common options are wooden and metal-plastic structures. There is much debate as to which is better. You shouldn't rely on someone else's opinion. It is important to weigh all the pros and cons yourself. If we talk about wood, then no one will argue about the environmental friendliness of this material. Due to its porosity, wood perfectly allows air to pass through, which means partial gas exchange is ensured through it.

If the choice is metal-plastic windows falls only because of double-glazed windows, then it is worth knowing that modern practice allows you to install them on wooden structures. For better thermal insulation double-glazed windows with a special coating or filled with inert gas are installed. There is also the advantage of installing modules with multiple cameras. The price of wooden frames is much higher than that of plastic ones. Difficult to find good master, which would make everything perfect. Natural material requires that its coating be renewed from time to time by painting. Installation wooden structures also requires special skills.

More and more buyers prefer to install plastic products. It is cheaper to replace old wooden window frames to modern profile ones. The time in which the supplier is ready to complete the work on manufacturing plastic products is several times less than it takes to assemble wooden structures. Plastic products are equipped with a sophisticated sealing system that guarantees high tightness. This also reduces heat loss, because there are many times fewer drafts. To install finished products, you do not have to hire a separate contractor, since the manufacturing company often cooperates with craftsmen who do this work.

Some advantages also lead to disadvantages. For example, high tightness means poor air exchange. This can lead to moisture accumulation indoors and the development of mold and mildew. If you do not monitor this moment, you can cause irreparable harm to some finishing materials. To avoid such consequences, you need to take care in advance of having supply ventilation. It can be mounted in windows or be separate supply valve or the whole system supply and exhaust ventilation. Special metal strips are installed inside the profile. Their task is to stabilize the shape of the frame. Unscrupulous manufacturers may use metal that will harm the human body. This issue needs to be discussed in advance.

Advice! To make plastic windows last longer, you can make a special visor that will prevent direct exposure to sunlight on the profile.

Wood and PVC are used most often for the production of windows, but are not the only materials for these purposes. In addition to them, we can mention aluminum. Aluminum frames are made like plastic ones, but have more high strength. Aluminum windows stand out with their appearance. But they have a significant drawback - high thermal permeability. Although strips are installed inside the window profile that eliminate cold bridges, but aluminum windows lose to plastic and wood ones. It makes sense to install aluminum windows in areas where the climate does not imply cold winters.

Pay attention! Modern products made of plastic and aluminum are not left without standards. Regulatory documents numbered 30673/99 30973/2002 and 22233/2001 were adopted. These are GOST standards, which also indicate the rules for using accessories.

Plastic window for a private house

The choice of plastic windows today has turned into a whole quest. This is due to the wide range of different profiles that are available in the market. You have to think not only about the size of the window itself, but also about how many cameras should be in the frame and what kind of double-glazed window to use. It is important to focus your choice not only on the number of chambers in the frame of the structure, but also on the thickness of the walls. To make it easier to navigate, all structures of this type were divided into classes. The highest one has a thickness of 2.8 mm for those walls that face the street. The part of the frame that is turned inward has a wall thickness of 2.5 mm

The second class is distinguished by the fact that the walls that go inside the room are 2 mm thick, while the size of the outer ones is the same as in the previous version. If you come across a structure made from a profile that does not fall under any of these dimensions, then this is already the third class. Windows of this kind are perfect for installation in utility rooms.

Heat loss from the structure frame is reduced due to several air cushions. They are in closed chambers separated from each other. The cheapest solutions have only three such cameras. Such products can be installed if we are talking about mild winters, when the temperature drops below zero. If the area is famous for its harsh winters, where temperatures can drop to -50°, then it makes sense to think about an 8-camera profile. The five-chamber profile remains the optimal and most popular. It will easily protect in thirty-degree frosts. In addition to thermal insulation, the air in the chambers of the structure also provides sound insulation. Windows facing the roadway must have a sufficient number of profile cameras and double-glazed windows to keep the house quiet.

Don't rush into a publicity stunt regarding the number of cameras. The first thing you should pay attention to is the overall thickness of the window profile. If it is too small, then you should not purchase such windows. This will not improve the thermal insulation. Plastic windows are installed in houses that are assembled in various ways. These can be monolithic or frame structures. In both cases, plastic windows will delight their customers. For log houses there is an option for plastic windows that are made to look like wood. They have Brown color and wood structure.

Before ordering

Most sellers of plastic structures offer free measurements at your home. But it would be nice to understand for yourself how to correctly measure windows. It is worth understanding that there are some restrictions on the area that one window can have. In most cases, this figure for a plastic window does not exceed 6 m2. The height can be chosen even to full height, if it is convenient in a private home. According to the standard, windows are placed at a height of 90 or 80 cm from the floor.

If the window is to be placed next to a perpendicular wall, then you will need to make an indentation of 50 cm, rather than installing it directly end-to-end. There must be a distance to the ceiling so that it is possible to hang curtains, and also not to damage the integrity of the lintel. This size is usually up to 30 cm. For bathrooms and toilets, windows with minimal dimensions are chosen so that it is only possible to ventilate the premises.

Professionals take measurements of the opening for the future window not only from the inside, but also from the outside. This was done so that the window would subsequently fall into place, since the slopes may have certain differences. The structure is made slightly smaller than the opening itself to facilitate the installation process. The width and height of the frame are measured at three points. You need to know the size in the middle, bottom and top. The smallest size will be the width of the window. This rule may not be followed if it is possible to partially expand the window opening. A video about choosing a design profile is below.

Summary

As you can see, choosing a design for an opening is a responsible task. It's about not only about the material, but also about the profile itself. It is important to understand very well the conditions under which the structure will be operated, so as not to overpay for advertising slogans. In addition, the ability to independently carry out periodic maintenance of the structure will allow you to save on paying the craftsmen.