Weight of metal swing gates 3x3. Metal swing gates: GOST, weight, dimensions

An iron garage is an inexpensive and fairly reliable shelter for a car. It will solve many pressing problems: it will hide the car from bad weather or the hot sun, accidental damage and prying eyes; you can carry out simple car repairs, diagnostics or other preventative work in it.

Usually, few people think about the weight of the structure, but sometimes a situation arises when the car owner needs to know the weight metal garage, therefore, in this article we will talk about the types of metal garages and provide calculations for buildings made of different facing materials.

Types of metal garages

Garages with a frame made of steel structures (see) are considered metal, although they can be sheathed with various materials.

They are divided into two types:

All-welded structures are mounted from sheet steel and all elements are connected by welding. Such a garage cannot be disassembled and can only be transported in assembled form. can be installed anywhere, it is particularly reliable against penetration and has strong connections.
have bolted or anchored connections of parts, the structure can be disassembled and transported in a compact form. It is recommended to install this type on the territory of a personal plot or in a country house, not far from the house, so that there is supervision, since it has poor protection against burglary.

Important! In turn, prefabricated structures can have different cladding, and this also determines how much an iron garage weighs.

The following materials are used for lining the walls of the structure:

Sheet steel.
Profiled sheet.
Sandwich panels (see).
OSB boards.
Metal profile.

All these materials have different weights, so when determining the weight of the garage as a whole, this must be taken into account.

How to calculate the weight of a garage

Data on the weight of the transported structure may be needed in the following cases:

When purchasing a garage and having it delivered to permanent place. If the building was purchased from a manufacturer, then the seller provides data on the weight of the order, but when the garage is purchased second-hand, then in this case the weight is often calculated by the buyer.
When transporting a garage to a new location (owner moving, sale, garage for demolition, etc.). If the structure was built with your own hands, the owner may not know its true weight.

For a sample, we will calculate the weight of a metal garage 3 x 6 x 2 m2 (width x length x height) of an all-welded type, in which the lining is sheet steel 4 mm thick. This is the minimum standard size into which almost any passenger car will fit, well, except perhaps for minibuses.

So:

We calculate the area of all surfaces of the garage:

Side walls: 2m x 6m x 2pcs = 24 m2.
Gable roof including canopies: 2m x 1.9m x 6.2m x 2pcs = 47 m2.
Rear, end wall and gate: 3m x 2m x 2pcs = 12 m2.
Two triangular pediments, the approximate area of which is 4 m2.
Floor (if any): 3m x 6m = 18 m2.

Adds all the results obtained: 24 + 47 + 12 + 4 + 18 = 105 m2.

For the walls we used sheet steel 4 mm thick; according to the table according to GOST, 1 m2 of such steel weighs 31.4 kg. We multiply the mass by the area: 105 m2 x 31.4 kg = 3297 kg.
We obtained the weight of the sheet metal used to sheath the garage. But that's not all! Now you need to add here the mass of the gate frame and the garage itself; it is usually made from a large equal-flange angle.

Let’s not make detailed calculations now; accuracy is not particularly needed here. Let's take an approximate average value, according to some sources it is 1000 kg.

Important! If we add up all the obtained values, we will see that the weight of a metal garage, all-welded, with sheet metal cladding 4 mm thick is 4297 kg.

Weight table for other materials

As mentioned above, garage cladding can be made not only from sheet metal. To correctly calculate the mass of the garage, you need to know their weight. In the table below we indicate these parameters for some of the materials most commonly found in garage decoration.

The weight of sandwich panels depends on the thickness of the insulation, and the metal profiles and corrugated sheets depend on the thickness of the metal. If you are in doubt about the right certain parameters sheathing, then to be on the safe side it is recommended to take the maximum value.

Important! The choice of vehicle and the safety of transporting the structure depend on how accurately the weight of the garage is calculated.

Conclusion

We calculated how much a 3 x 6 m metal garage weighs; if the dimensions of the garage are different, then you can calculate the weight of the building using the same system, replacing some data.

Typically, the weight of iron garages varies from 3 to 7 tons, but if the first structure can be transported on a “thief”, then for the second you will have to order heavy-duty equipment and a truck crane. In addition, instructions for the transportation of large cargo require obtaining permits for the transportation of the garage, as well as escorting the cargo to its destination. All this is quite troublesome and costly, so it is better to immediately determine the mass of the structure as accurately as possible.

It must be said that after dismantling, prefabricated structures are assembled into compact packs that can be transported on an on-board gazelle. After looking at the thematic photos and videos in this article, you yourself will be able to cope with this task and accurately determine the weight of your garage.

On average, the weight of a 3x6 metal garage varies between 3-4.5 tons. You may only need information about how much a garage weighs in 2 cases:

You haven't yet decided which metal garage you're going to buy.

In this case, the weight of the metal garage will affect the cost of delivery and the load it will receive. concrete base. If you purchase a garage box from a specific manufacturer, then all the necessary information can be found in the delivery note.

You have decided to move your old metal garage to a new “place of residence”.

In this case, it is quite difficult to know the exact weight of a 3x6 metal garage, since many people cook it themselves. In this case, various material options are used - from various configurations of corners to metal thickness varying around the entire perimeter.

If you are faced with the 2nd situation, then using our method you will quickly calculate the approximate weight and be able to choose the right manipulator.

Approximate calculation of how much a 6 by 3 meter metal garage weighs

Initial data: length 6 meters, width 3 meters and height 2 meters. The basis of the design is an all-welded type of garage, in which a layer of sheet steel with a thickness of about 4 mm (the most common option) acts as a cladding. These are the minimum standard sizes garage for any modification of a passenger car.

Important: How much an iron garage weighs will mainly depend on the thickness of the sheeting and the total surface area. The basis of the structure for passenger cars weighs at least 2 tons. The roof covering itself will be 1-1.5 tones. The remaining weight is provided by racks and shelves that are installed inside.

Briefly, for the calculation, do the following: Calculate the volume of the garage box by multiplying the length, thickness and height along the axial dimensions. Then, knowing the volume values of the roof and wall, you multiply the resulting figures by the specific gravity of the sheet metal. As a result, we get a weight that will differ by 5-10 kg from the real one.

A direct example of calculating the weight of a metal garage

We count all the elements one by one:

Area of side walls: 2*6*2 pieces = 24 sq.m.
Area 2 pitched roof taking into account the small overhang of the canopies: 2*1.9*6.2*2 sides = 47 sq.m.
We calculate the area of the rear and end walls together with the gates: 3*2*2 pieces = 12 sq.m.
The approximate area of 2 triangular pediments is 4-4.5 sq.m.
If there is a metal floor, we also calculate its area: 3*6 = 18 sq.m.
We add up all the obtained values: 24+47+12+4+18 = 105 sq.m.

Since in the initial data we have the thickness of the walls at iron garage within 4 mm, then according to GOST we find the specific gravity of 1 sq.m. canvases. It is equal to 31.4 kg. All that remains is to multiply the resulting mass by 1 sq.m. steel sheet on total area. We get 105 sq.m * 31.4kg = 3297kg. As a result of calculations, we found out how much a 3mx6m iron garage weighs without taking into account the weight of the gate frame and the structure itself - only the weight of the cladding. The frame together with the gate will weigh another 800 kg - 1 ton. As a result, the total weight will be 4-4.3 tons.

Below are the average weights of the most popular metal garage sizes:

Garage 4x6 m - weight 4.5-4.8 tons;
Garage 3x5 m - weight 3.8-4 tons;
Garage 4x5 m - weight 4.1-4.2 tons.

We hope that the calculation methodology is clear and does not require additional comments. At the end, I would like to show a video of the actual assembly of a metal garage from scratch to full commissioning.

A fence of any type and design should always have a wicket and entrance gates, most often swing or sliding ones, allowing passage for cars or even truck to the site. Today, metal swing gates are most often used for private properties. Less commonly, light recoil ones. The larger the fenced area, the taller and more serious the building, the more monumental the fence, the higher the gate, more metal used to make frames and supports that ensure stability and strength of the structure. It is not surprising that instead of cast iron and welded profiles in modern swing gates Aluminum and forged rods are increasingly being used in construction.

Which gate is better

Today the manufacturer strives to make gates for private properties:

Maximum strength and rigidity, ensuring the resistance of the protective fence to breaking and entering into private territory;
Heavy enough so that the weight of the gate and inertia make it possible to withstand wind breakthroughs, and at the same time light so that the installation and operation of swing metal gates does not require the use of huge massive pillars and supports;
Beautiful and graceful. Old as the world, swing gates can look hundreds of times more attractive than the monotonous and boring design of metal sliding, lifting or sectional entrances.

For your information! A system of two sashes on vertical hinges has one important advantage - the rotary unit on the canopies has twice the service life and reliability of the mechanism than similar “flat” structures. Standard resource determined by GOST for all types of swing doors metal gates, is 20 thousand opening and closing cycles.

In reality, for high-quality metal swing gates these values can easily be exceeded by 50-70%.

GOST No. 31174-2003 summarizes and describes all the main types of metal gates. In addition to swing and sliding systems, nine more options can be used to “lock” the passage, from sectional to folding. But in constructions for fencing areas, such devices are used quite rarely, since their use requires the arrangement of special technological arches and niches for cleaning the door leaf or panels. In rare cases, roller shutter systems can be used to lock and block the passage, but in this case, installation will require converting the open base of the gate into a closed structure with the installation of a technological arch or transverse beam above the passage.

To open the heaviest metal systems with swing doors without the use of an electromechanical drive, the effort of just one person is sufficient, while opening or moving sliding structures without the use of a standard electric drive is much more difficult.

Standards and technical specifications for swing metal systems

To ensure reliable locking and blocking of the passage, it is necessary to install it with a massive frame or pillars, and most importantly - with a large number steel load-bearing elements ensuring the strength of the main frame. This leads to an increased weight of metal swing gates and a huge load on the frame and hinges, first of all.

To avoid breakage of the suspension, sagging of the sashes or an emergency situation during strong gusts of wind, GOST establishes the requirement that all mechanisms and components of swing metal structures must be manufactured only according to the design documentation and strength calculations of the manufacturer:

Hinges, canopies, internal frames, frames of swinging metal gates must provide the necessary double safety margin, while the quality of the technical solutions incorporated in the design must be confirmed by certificates of conformity from the standardization center and a sanitary and hygienic conclusion of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authority for the product;
The quality of manufacturing of metal swing gates is checked for the absence of metal surface defects visible to the naked eye, and compliance of welds with strength and continuity standards. The difference in the height or width of gates of opposite posts should not exceed 5 mm, the difference in diagonals of metal doors up to 2 m in size should be within 3 mm, for large openings - 5 mm;
Paint and varnish coating with primer - not less than 0.03 mm, while protective coating should not cause allergic reactions upon contact with the palms of the hands.

For your information! In addition to the above list, GOST requires checking the quality of seals, the condition and functionality of locking mechanisms and hinges.

The resistance of swing metal structures to impact loads from wind is tested by dropping the folds assembled on the frame under their own weight onto a non-destructible object. Based on the results of the tests, the manufacturer issues a passport and applies markings in accordance with GOST. The encoding indicates the VM model - metal gate, GOST number, product dimensions.

Features of metal gates with swing doors

Each gate design has its drawbacks, and systems with swinging halves also have them. Using the principle of drop-down metal halves is very convenient for small openings of 2-2.5 m.

In the standard version of small driveways, the design of the entrance gates is assembled similarly to the design of metal ones garage doors. In this case, hinges are welded onto steel vertical posts made of a channel or I-beam and shutters made of sheet metal 3-5 mm thick are hung. Due to the fact that the structure of the shutters is heavy, and there is no upper horizontal beam, as in metal garage doors, there is a risk of the pillars skewing and the shutters lowering. Rigidity problems can only be solved by installing very powerful support pillars, steel, brick or reinforced concrete.

The wider the passage, the more the gate leaf will weigh, which means it is more difficult to ensure a stable position and the absence of sagging of heavy leaves due to wear and bending of the hinges. In addition, the area of the gate structure increases, which means the windage and horizontal load from gusts of wind increases .

Therefore, for passages more than three meters wide, special structures are used:

Forged swing gates. Very beautiful and expensive designs made of forged rods with individual style and artistic forging patterns;
Frame systems made of profiled sheets and tubular frames. Lightweight and inexpensive, easy to make with your own hands;
The doors are made in the form of two frames from a metal tubular profile with struts and spacers. The front surface is sewn up with profiled sheets or panels.
Aluminum swing gates. They have high rigidity and moderate weight of the structure; unlike the forged version, aluminum gates are always of the same type, differing only in the elements of the front surface cladding and the drive system.

Important! The safest option was to purchase metal swing gates from a specialized company or organization that supplies finished products. In this way, most mistakes associated with incorrect calculation and manufacture of basic elements can be avoided, for example, installing hinges on the frame and leveling the supporting frame to the horizon.

Practical swing gate designs

Each of the above options essentially reflects modern look on the main functions of the gate. Option one - protective and decorative functions characteristic of forged steel structures. The second is a quick-acting and lightweight version of aluminum swing gates, the third is reliable and convenient, inherent in steel gates made of profiled sheets.

Forged swing gates

They are best suited for protecting access to a private property. The forged steel frame of the sashes is capable of withstanding the most severe load, significantly exceeding the standard 200 kg, defined by GOST as a base value. In the most expensive beautiful options All parts of the doors are forged, from the outer frame to the internal lintels and decorative details. In cheaper metal versions The main strength elements, the frame of the doors and the lintels are welded from ordinary pipes; forged parts only complement the appearance.

The forged frames of the shutters are suspended on hinges from the embedded elements of the brick pillars. The lower part is covered with a cladding made of thin sheet metal, the upper part of the doors can be completely open or have decorative inserts made of darkened polycarbonate.

Forged gates are much more difficult to manufacture than conventional frame gates due to the large number of welded parts. To reduce the influence of thermal stresses and obtain a standard two-millimeter gap between the leaf and the stationary frame, metal gates are welded in the form of one leaf, hinges are welded and hung on poles, and only after that they are cut into two leaves.

Aluminum swing gates

The second style is a modern business style, in which the doors open and close quickly and clearly, as much as possible using modern drive mechanisms. For example, the stopping power of aluminum swing gate leaves is not considered by the manufacturer as the main property; fast and flawless operation of the device is much more important. Most often, service parking lots and controlled areas of companies and firms are equipped with aluminum frame swing and sliding structures. In addition to the automatic swing panels, the entry mode is controlled by a security guard.

The gate is a classic example of a swing system. The structure is made by argon welding of a profile with a cross-section of 96x177 mm from high-purity aluminum. Each sash is suspended on a concrete pillar using triple hinges with an increased size of the supporting surface. Internal diagonal braces made of cables and a support “patch”, which serves as a support and limiter of movement, help to compensate for possible deformation.

The manufacturer of swing gates claims a device life of 25-28 thousand operations, with a guarantee against corrosion for 15 years. The door leaf is made in the form of cladding made of aluminum profile or sandwich panels. The cost of the structure greatly depends on the width, for example, a 2000x3500 mm gate of the ADS400 system will cost just over 50 thousand rubles, a 2300x3500 mm door is estimated at 75-77 thousand rubles, and 2300x5000 mm - all 90 thousand rubles.

Steel frame schemes

Frame metal doors made of pipes and profiled sheets can be called the most modern and practical option. Firstly, it is quite possible to assemble such a structure with your own hands. Secondly, the steel frame made of pipes is only slightly inferior in strength forged gates. Thirdly, such metal gate systems will cost much less than aluminum and, especially, forged ones.

The external cladding can be quite simply selected from a huge number of colors of profiled sheets. The construction of frame options is based on the same technology as when constructing a fence. The average weight of two leaves of a three-meter gate will not exceed 300 kg.

Conclusion

When choosing the sizes of swing metal gate structures, experts recommend being guided by the principle of sufficiency and expediency. For an area fenced with a metal profile fence or modular sections, a metal swing scheme made of aluminum or steel profile is perfect. For a stone fence best choice There will definitely be a forged scheme. Thus, the style and durability of the gate will correspond to the material and design of the fence.

The fencing of the site should be planned taking into account traffic flow. Swing gates, complemented by a wicket for more comfortable entry without a car, will cope with this task perfectly. In most cases, metal structures are installed, since they last much longer than wood.

Peculiarities

Installing a gate or additional exit is practical solution, since it is very uncomfortable to open heavy doors every time when moving around the territory.

Purchasing or making your own involves calculating some factors that swing gates must meet:

Gates are a kind of fencing of private territory from penetration. They must be strong, rigid and resistant to opening.
The design should not be heavy. Large size increases the load on the load-bearing support in windy weather. An unreliable foundation will cause the hinges to break. Also, the heaviness prevents free passage - it is not easy to move the massive sash every time.
Standard metal swing gates are not aesthetically pleasing. Their top priority- protection, but not a decorative component. Decorate and give them unique style possible thanks to forged elements in tandem with harmonious colors.

In addition, the gates must comply with international standards. These parameters must be observed for safety reasons. The main provisions are described in GOST 31174-2003. The fence must have a supporting structure that is appropriate in size and weight and can withstand changing weather conditions.

Installing a gate system requires preparatory steps. Before installation, you should clear the space for swing gates, and also pre-build supporting structures. It is necessary to take into account the terrain, as parts of the gate may cling to hills when moving. The rises and protrusions must first be leveled.

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Advantages and Disadvantages

Even though construction market replete with abundance various materials, the metal still occupies a leading position in terms of long-term performance, being durable and reliable.

Metal structures have significant advantages:

Easy operation. Strong hinges fix the structures in one position, allowing the doors to open and close freely.
Easy installation. It is possible to carry out the installation yourself, having experience working with welding machine. If you strictly follow the instructions, even a non-professional will quickly complete the installation.
Free choice. A wide range of materials contributes to the creation unique design in a modern style, the formation of which will not hit the wallet.

Special protection. The polymer coating prevents the development of corrosion under various climatic conditions.
Shield against thieves. Thanks to the locking device inside and the complete lack of fastening, it is almost impossible to open the metal gate.

However, any design, along with advantages, also has disadvantages. Swinging metal gates require installation in free space, which is due to the wide radius when opening. In addition, for smooth plowing it is necessary to clear winter snowdrifts every time.

The design is quite heavy, which will affect the appearance- distortions and lowering are possible.

But this problem easily resolved by preliminary installation of stronger supports made of reinforced concrete or brickwork.

Constructions

Swing gate designs are divided into two main types: single-leaf and double-leaf. However, in most cases, site owners prefer to combine both types and install a gate. Due to space saving, installation takes place mainly in garages. Installing the entire fence at the entrance as the main exit involves the use of various forged decorations or the creation of an individual design of the doors.

Metal gates with a wicket installed nearby - a actual choice. Manufactured from corrugated sheets, steel or metal. The last element is the most popular for creating a structure, among which are:

Wrought iron gate combine an item of protection and decoration at the same time. Creative forging without load-bearing structure, used primarily as a decoration for the area. More expensive, fully framed gate leaves are strengthened with a strong foundation of brick pillars.
Aluminum gate They are light in weight, therefore they are widely used in urban environments as a fencing element that does not warp or fall over a long period of time due to excessive pressure. The aluminum is protected by an internal diagonal cable tie that can provide protection for 10 years.
Profiled sheet is a kind of structure made of metal pipes. Modern design and the ability of a metal profile to be made by hand helped this type of gate gain great popularity.

The gate can be coated with any paint, which will serve as additional protection against temperature changes. The right color will add variety to your outdoor interior.

Experts recommend using insulated metal structures. Swing gates are not difficult to operate. They consist of two metal plates, between which a thermal insulating material is installed. Simple foam plastic is used as this element, mineral wool, as well as basalt insulation. When purchasing, you should choose a heat insulator that does not burn.

This will make the gate resistant to fire.

Dimensions

When installing and further operating metal gates great importance takes on their size. The size also has a significant impact on the weight of the structure, which creates the need for additional reinforcements.

In most cases, the height of swing gates does not exceed 3 m on private property, and for industrial establishments they use doors that are twice as high as the classic parameters. Due to the increase in size, the mass of the valves increases proportionally.

To install massive elements, the following conditions are required:

Each width calculation is made individually.
Before installation, the availability of free space must be taken into account.
Accounting for the entry of a certain type of transport is also important. To do this, measure the width of the car, and then add a margin to calculate the free passage. The size of passenger cars does not exceed 2 m, which allows for a spare distance of half a meter on each side, so installation will require a width of 3 m.

Installation of large metal sashes is impractical unless absolutely necessary. A large area creates additional load on the support under powerful wind pressure, which requires strengthening the supporting structure both to eliminate windage and to take into account heavy weight.

Weight metal structure depends not only on its size, but also on the material used in manufacturing.

The calculation takes place according to the following algorithm:

The frame consists mainly of profile pipes. Each unit has dimensions of 35 x 15 mm with a wall width of 2 mm. A meter-long profile pipe weighs 2 kg. Provided that the height and width of the metal doors are 3 meters, the total perimeter of both will be 12 m. Each door will require a reinforcement in the form of transverse beams of 1.5 m each. It follows that installation will require profile pipe 15 m long with a total weight of 30 kg.
The cladding consists of metal plate about 2 mm thick, which means its weight will vary within 75 kg.

Thus, the weight of metal gates is approximately 100-105 kg. Decorative elements, locking devices capable of weighing down the structure up to 25 kg.

When purchasing wide gates, it is necessary to install a top tie to create additional support.

Many metal gates do not require special care since the manufacturer applies them in advance. polymer coating, protecting the structure when changing climatic conditions. The only part that requires periodic maintenance is the hinges. They need to be lubricated.

Forged decorative fences are often problem areas. Application of anti-corrosion paint is difficult due to the crimped elements. However, the problem is easily solved thanks to aerosol application methods.

From time to time, forged structures require cleaning and additional painting. Dust and dirt are easily washed off thanks to a stream of water from a garden hose.

For coloring faded openwork decoration elements soldered to metal frame, the latter should be covered with thick paper.

Examples of projects

If you look at a few examples in practice, You can make sure that all projects are implemented within two main groups:

Swing gates are the dominant part of the entire fencing of the territory. In this case, additional decorations are used in the form of decorative forged elements and massive load-bearing structures.

The second option involves secretly designing metal gates. In such conditions, they practically do not differ from the entire fence of the site. It is more popular because it does not distract attention from garden landscape or street area.

A classic example of a successful project would be a high stone fence that fulfills its original function - protection from intruders. A forged metal gate, equipped with an alarm and automation, winds through the massive walls. The most common cladding for a graceful entryway is masonry pillars.

The production of metal gates sometimes turns into a work of art where various forged elements, decorative details, expensive handles and locks are present. However, there are often cases when a simple metal gate is required, the manufacture of which uses simple hot-rolled metal profiles. These can serve as an entrance to a barn, garage, transformer substation, to any territory enclosed by a fence. There are many firms and companies manufacturing metal structures, including metal gates, but for this you need to pay money, which can be saved significantly by making a simple metal gate with your own hands.

Wicket elements and metal profiles

The main elements or, as you can also say, wicket assemblies are:

First of all, in order to start manufacturing any metal structure, you need to have a drawing for it, or at least a sketch, which will indicate the main dimensions of the product, as well as the material from which it will be made. We will proceed from the traditional dimensions for most passages where gates are installed, which are 2000 x 800 mm. It should be noted right away that all dimensions on the drawings for the manufacture of metal structures are indicated in millimeters.

Manufacturing a frame for a metal gate

For the manufacture of a frame for a gate, ∟ 63 x 63 x 6 or ∟ 70 x 70 x 7 may well be suitable. The corners can be replaced with channel N 8 - 10, but this will look rough and more expensive.

Marking of metal profiles, sheet iron, how to calculate the weight of metal structures can be done by reading mine.

We will proceed from the fact that we have a corner 63 x 63 x 6. The length of the corner, in our case, is the height of the frame, should be calculated from the fact that the frame will be concreted into the ground to a depth of 500 mm. This means that to 2000 mm you need to add 500 mm and the width of the flange of the joining corner, and as a result we have the size of the vertical corner equal to 2000 + 500 + 63 = 2563 mm.

The transverse corner, which determines the width of the frame opening, is calculated as follows: the width of the opening plus gaps for the size of the gate, that is, 800 + 10 and plus the width of the shelf of the joined vertical corner, which in total is 800 + 10 + 63 = 873 mm. 10 mm is this gap, which is divided in half by 5 mm on each side of the opening. If this gap is not taken into account, the gate will simply be clamped in the frame and will not open. This point is also important because it is almost impossible to perfectly align the corners of the frame at 90º. Size 10 can be further increased, but this depends on the qualifications of the fitter, that is, on you.

You can join the corners by cutting the shelves at 45º, but it is very difficult to do this exactly taking into account the thickness of the shelves, which also need to be cut at the same angle. Therefore, in practice, in one of the corners, which is shorter, a cutting is made, that is, one shelf is cut to the size of 63 mm (in our case), and the other perpendicular to it, as if from below, is cut to the size of the thickness of the shelf, that is, 6 mm . In this case, joining the corners is more accurate and it is easier to maintain a right angle. In workshop conditions, cuttings are done using specially designed cutting equipment, but at home this operation can be done with an ordinary hacksaw, holding the corner in a vice. It is quite clear that the cuttings need to be done from both ends of the corner.

Sketch for making a gate frame

If you are embedding a frame into a brick opening, you need to weld reinforced round timber Ǿ 6 - 8 mm to the vertical and horizontal corners of the shelves. At what distance they need to be welded depends on the size of the brick and the method of laying. In the case when the frame is installed in a wooden opening, do not forget to drill holes for it in advance.

Well, and finally, when concreting the frame, you need to weld “nickels” at the bottom so that the structure is securely fixed in the concrete. Nickels are made from sheet steel δ 8 - 10 mm.

Very important

After you have assembled the frame and before welding the joints, you must tie the frame. What is it? At a distance slightly exceeding the size of 2000 mm, weld (do not weld) any long-size metal profile (strip, corner, round timber) so as to keep the width of the opening in this place the same as in the upper part. This is done so that when welding and concreting the frame, the size does not “go away” to the side. Then, when the concrete hardens, the strapping profile is easily knocked down with a hammer.

Tack spots, like welding seams, need to be cleaned with a cylindrical grinder, or, more simply, with a grinding wheel. All operations for the manufacture of frame metal structures must be carried out on a flat surface and, preferably, with a partner.

Attached to the description of the manufacture of a frame for a metal gate is Fig. 1 - 1 and Fig. 1 - 2, drawings with details of frame elements.

Frame for filling the gate

So that you are not confused by the word “filling,” I hasten to explain: the filling can be made of round timber, strips, reinforced rods, squares, or a combination of the above profiles. In our case, the filling will be sheet metal, but more on that later.

Frame for metal gate Fig. 2 - 1

If you have mastered the process of making the frame, then assembling and welding the frame of the gate itself will not be difficult for you. The size of the frame should be, as stated above, 2000 x 800 mm. It follows that we need to make a metal structure similar to the frame using the same techniques, but using different metal profiles.

For a frame of this size, a corner of 40 x 40 x 4 is quite suitable; sizes of shorter length will have cuttings, and longitudinal parts should be prepared without cutting. The question may arise: why are the cuttings made in the transverse corners? The answer is simple: if they are shorter, they are lighter and easier to work with. Unlike the frame, the transverse corners will need to be prepared in three pieces: one on top, one in the middle (for rigidity) and one at the bottom. The dimensions of the corners, that is, their length, differ from the definition of the dimensions of the frame corners: high-rise parts are strictly 2000 mm, and transverse parts are 800 mm plus 4 mm for cutting = 804 mm. But the main thing is that overall dimensions the frame was 2000 x 800 mm, otherwise it would simply not fit into the frame. The frame is shown in Fig. 2-1.

Filling the frame of a metal gate

Since in the proposed version we agreed to use sheet metal as a filler, we need to take into account the following details. The sheet thickness should be from 1.5 to 2 mm, but no more and no less. If the sheet is thinner, the gate itself will turn out to be very flimsy and unreliable. When using a thicker sheet, for example, 3 mm, the weight of the gate will increase, which will negatively affect the operation of the hinges, which can simply jam.

Filling a metal gate frame with sheets

The dimensions of the sheet should not exceed the dimensions of the corners of the gate, and it is even better if the dimensions of the sheet are smaller, for example, 1980 x 790 mm. In this case, the edges of the sheet are guaranteed not to extend beyond the dimensions of the gate and, in addition, it will be more convenient to weld it (the sheet) to the corners. By the way, you need to weld, observing a certain step between the welding seams, which should be no more than 10 - 15 mm long. Otherwise, the heating will cause the entire structure of the gate to “behave”, that is, it will have a slightly helical appearance and there is no need to say that it will be comfortable in the frame. See fig. 2- 2.

Installing handles and hinges on a metal gate

If you do not plan to insert the lock into the gate, you can use an ordinary U-shaped bracket, bent from ordinary round timber Ǿ12 - 16 mm, as a handle. When installing a lock, you must first weld the hinges, which can be purchased at any clothing market. There is no need to choose loops with a diameter that is too large, say 20mm. Quite for our gate, which has light weight, products Ǿ 16 and even 12 mm are suitable.

When welding the hinges, you need to leave gaps between them and the frame with the gate, otherwise it (the gate) will not open. To do this, the loops are placed on ordinary matches, which simply burn out during welding, leaving the required gap. All this is done on the ground when the gate is inserted into the frame and adjusted, taking into account the gaps on both sides and on top. Now let's go back to the castle. You can, of course, weld it or bolt it in a lying position, but it works more accurately when the frame is concreted. Since in this case it will be easier to align the lock so that the bolt fits more accurately into the corresponding hole in the frame.

Weight of assembled metal gate

To determine the weight of the gate complete with frame and sheet, you need to determine the weight of each element. To do this, you need to use reference books from the Internet, which indicate specific gravity for sheet steel and weight 1 m/p for long products.

Frame weight

To determine the weight of the frame, we will round the total molding of the corner 63 x 6, which will be equal to: 2000 x 2 + 800 mm = 4800 mm or 4.8 m. If in the drawings we dealt with mm, then when calculating the weight it is necessary to use meters. These are the reference books. So, we find in the reference book the weight of 1 m/p ∟ 63 x 63 x 6, which is equal to 5.72 kg. We multiply 5.72 kg by 4.8 m and get a weight equal to 27.5 kg ≈ 28 kg.

Weight of the gate frame with sheet

The total length of the corner that was used to make the frame is 2000 x 2 + 800 x 3 = 6400 mm or 6.4 m. The weight of 1 p/m of the 40 x 4 corner is 2.42 kg. The result is: 2.42 kg x 6.4 m = 15.5 kg ≈ 16 kg.

To calculate the weight of the sheet, it is assumed that 1 m² of sheet with a thickness of 1 mm weighs 7.85 kg. This means we need to calculate how many m² of 2 mm sheet was used to fill the frame. Multiplying 2000 mm by 800 we get 1600,000 mm² or 1.6 m². The weight of the sheet will be 7.85 kg x 1.6 m² x 2 = 24.2 kg ≈ 24 kg.

Now we add everything up and get the weight of the assembled metal gate: 28 kg + 16 kg + 24 kg = 68 kg. If we also add the weight of nickels, hinges, lock and handle, then the approximate weight will be 70 kg.

Very important

Welding work must be carried out in a dry room and on a dry floor. Look at welding only through protective glass. Have welding gloves on your hands!