Filled stairs to the attic. How to make a staircase to the attic yourself: plans and calculations

Most often, in order to climb into the attic of a private house, they resort to using retractable or ladders, but this is not always convenient. And the question arises how safe it is to climb such a structure. But if you wish, you can make a staircase to the attic with your own hands, spending only a few days. This option will not only be convenient, but will also be cheaper than store-bought ones.

Stair location

In order to choose the most convenient place, you need to consider the following factors:

• Most best option placement of the entrance - separately in a special room, reminiscent of a small vestibule. This option will allow you to arrange a staircase with convenient dimensions and provide thermal insulation. When the door is closed, the possibility of cold air from the attic entering the house is eliminated.
• If it is not possible to organize a vestibule, then it is best to place the stairs at the far wall of the room. This will allow for smooth movement around the room and save space.
• A good option would be to organize a hatch before entering the attic. This option, as with the vestibule, will prevent heat loss.
• The best option in most cases may be a single-flight staircase. But in conditions of insufficient space, you can resort to a screw or double-flight device.

If the room under the roof is not planned for frequent use, then you can limit yourself to those that go up to the ceiling and, if necessary, go down. In addition, such a staircase can also be made independently.

Calculation

When calculating the stairs, take into account the following requirements:

• The width of the stairs should be between 80-100 centimeters.
• Handrails and railings are installed at a height of 90 centimeters. At the same time, do not neglect the installation of handrails. Even if the staircase is between two walls, handrails can make the climb easier and safer.
• The most convenient lifting angle is determined within 30-45 degrees.

At the same time, for a tilt angle of 33-37 degrees, the riser should be 16 cm, for 38-42 degrees - 18 cm, at 45 degrees - 20 cm.

• The optimal dimensions of the riser are 12-20 centimeters, the treads are 30-38 centimeters. It is important to remember that the steeper the climb, the higher the steps.
• The material selected for manufacturing must be treated with antiseptics and fire retardants.
• There should be at least 2 meters from the step to the ceiling, so as not to kill your head when climbing.

To correctly select the ratio of the riser height (j) to the tread width (e), three formulas are used: convenience, step and safety. In this case, the step formula is the most important. Important to consider correct ratio between two values ​​(j/e), satisfactory for everyone three formulas– 17/29. The convenience formula looks like this: e - j = 12 cm; step: 2j + e = 62 (60-64) cm; safety: e + j = 46 cm

Material selection

Can be made of wood or metal, but for self-made Welding can be difficult and requires specific skills. Therefore, let's consider wooden stairs.

Suitable coniferous species:

• Larch and cedar. These breeds have a pleasant appearance, are easy to process and are almost not subject to rotting. The downside will be the cost of such wood.
• Spruce. The technical characteristics of the material are good. Claims can only be about appearance. There are often knots on it.
• Pine. The cost will be cheaper than others. In addition, the material is easy to process.

Hardwoods are used:

• Oak. Has the best technical characteristics. Has an excellent appearance.
• Beech and ash. They have average characteristics.
• Birch. The material is more economical in cost. The characteristics are not inferior to beech. Well processed.

Any type of wood must be well dried. Before purchasing material, you need to make sure there are no cracks or other defects, including signs of woodworm damage.

Manufacturing

For an attic staircase, the best option is one with stringers or bowstrings. This will reduce labor costs, unlike other types of stairs.

Materials and tools:

• one or two beams for attaching steps (depending on the type of staircase);
• circular saw or hacksaw;
• edged boards for steps 25 mm thick;
• building level;
• screws and glue for attaching steps;
• hammer, screwdriver.

The stringer and bowstring are a supporting beam onto which the steps are attached. They differ in the method of this attachment. A comb is cut along the top into which the steps are installed. For these purposes, grooves are used on the bowstring, which are cut from the inside of the beam. The material used is solid beams with a cross section of 5x25-30 centimeters. In this case, you need to know that when the width of the stairs is more than 120 centimeters, two stringers are used.

The workpiece is planed along its entire length to remove chips and slivers. Treads (the horizontal part of the steps) are cut out on the stringers. This is done using circular saw or hacksaws. If you decide to make a staircase on bowstrings, then grooves are cut out in the beams, the size of which corresponds to the side section of the step. Next, the ends of the beam are cut so that they can be installed on the base.

We cut risers (the vertical part of the step) and treads according to the dimensions from edged boards. To reduce the risk of injury, you can round the corners of the steps.

When the main parts are ready, we begin assembly. First we fix the load-bearing beams. To do this, we attach its lower part to the rough floor bars. In this case, it may be necessary to dismantle a part flooring. To avoid this, a small lifting platform is installed. The fastening is carried out rigidly, fixing the elements with a saw. When installing stairs, it is important to ensure that the cutouts in the beams are at the same level. In this case, the cutouts on the stringers can be adjusted using wedges.

When you are sure that the beams are installed evenly, proceed to. We start with the tread. When mounted on a stringer, the boards are laid, leveled and fastened with screws “in a hidden manner”. The screw heads should “sink” into the wood or they should be covered with a wooden plug. After this, it is planed flush with the plane of the step.

If the installation is carried out on a bowstring, then the treads are inserted into the grooves, having previously been lubricated with glue. Self-tapping screws can be used to provide additional fastening. They are screwed in from the side.

Fastening the risers is not necessary, but if you want to make a full-fledged staircase, then you need to install them from the inside. To do this, use special brackets or wooden wedges.

After the staircase assembly is completed, we proceed to attaching the railings, if necessary.. Their installation begins with the installation of a fence around the entrance attic floor. Next, we attach the support pillars. We install one at the bottom, the other at the top. After this, we lay and fix the railings. They are supported by balusters mounted on the steps. Provided that the staircase is located against the wall, you can attach the railing to it.

Finally the time has come finishing. To do this, you should start with rough grinding of the finished structure. Then, using putty, fill all the cracks and irregularities. There won't be many of them, unless you make a mistake in the sizes. When the putty is dry, we move on to final sanding. Next, cleaning - you need to use a vacuum cleaner to remove shavings and wood dust. The next stage is painting with varnish or interior paint. You can also prime all elements of the staircase, giving it time to dry.

The attic is a room in which you can not only store things, but also live. To get to the attic floor, you must have a staircase. Many people use ladders. But, if the room is used as an additional living room, then you should think about a reliable and safe staircase. It can be made of wood or metal. The designs of attic stairs are different.

Any home owner tries to use the entire living area correctly. Many people think about saving space, especially if the house itself is small. An attic staircase should not only be comfortable, but also safe.

There are houses with a bathhouse on the ground floor and a residential floor on the second. The attic staircase, in this case, can lead directly to the bathhouse, that is, down, and then back to the residential attic floor. It's convenient and practical.

The staircase should not create a large shadow. When designing stairs, it is necessary to take into account the safety of the structure.

The flat design of the staircase will take up a large amount of space, but it is the most convenient for use. A steep staircase is less convenient than other types of structures. It's difficult to climb.

Types of attic stairs:

• Marching;
• Screw.

Marching stairs are the most convenient and safe. Their design is simple and practical. It is possible to independently design and build such a staircase leading to the attic floor. For their construction, stringers, two supporting bowstrings, and bolts are used. To save space, use stairs with two flights. Between them there is a landing or winder steps. These types of stairs are used if there is not much free space in the house. Single-flight structures take up more space than double-flight ones. But, under them you can build a utility room or closet to use the remaining space.

Spiral staircases are rarely used as attic staircases. They are difficult to design and build independently. You can purchase a compact spiral staircase in a specialized store or made to order. The staircase will be ready, the owner only needs to assemble it using the instructions.

Wooden stairs to the attic in a private house: types of spans

You can increase the living space using the attic floor. This room can be used as a guest room, bedroom, or playroom. When arranging the attic floor, it is necessary to pay Special attention on how it will be climbed. The wood is ideal for making stairs. It is possible to independently make a staircase to the attic using minimal amount equipment, tools and materials.

Hard and durable wood species are suitable for making stairs: pine, oak, yew, larch, ash.

It is important to correctly determine the area for the staircase structure in order to conveniently organize the living space.

Types of wooden staircases:

• Straight;
• Single-flight (with 1-2 turns of 90 degrees);
• Double-flight (with a rotation of 90 and 180 degrees);
• Screw (with support column);
• Circular (shaft in the middle).

Straight stairs without turns are installed at a certain angle. The width of the steps is 30 centimeters, and the depth of the steps is at least 27 centimeters.

Stairs with turns take up much more space than straight ones. Can be done required height or the width of the steps. The width of the passage can be 50-100 centimeters. If there is no winder platform, winder steps are installed. They are usually trapezoidal in shape.

Convenient do-it-yourself staircase to the attic: stages of work

To make a staircase yourself, you need to determine its position and type of structure. Based on the area of ​​the house, choose the position of the stairs. If the house has a small amount of free space, you should choose simple staircase designs. It can be a straight line without turns, or a staircase with two flights. Such options are optimal, convenient and practical, as they take up a small amount of space. If the area of ​​the house allows, then you can build a staircase with turns or a spiral one.

Screw structures are the most complex, so you need enough knowledge and practice to make such a staircase with your own hands.

Stages of work:

• Determine the location for the future staircase;
• Create a sketch;
• Make calculations and draw up drawings;
• Prepare necessary materials and tools;
• Make staircase elements;
• Install the stairs.

To make a staircase, you need to make calculations and make a drawing. First you need to determine the lifting height, the width of the stairs, its steepness and the size of the hatch.

It is necessary to accurately determine the width of the tread. This parameter affects the entire staircase structure.

The staircase leading to the attic should not only be beautiful, but also safe. Handrails and guardrails must be used. These elements ensure safety and comfort during operation of the stairs.

How to make a staircase to the attic: we make the necessary calculations

A compact attic staircase can be used in a private wooden house, built on a dacha. A convenient staircase can lead to the attic. It can be not only wooden, but also metal. For example, a metal folding ladder from the manufacturer Farko is not only compact, but also safe.

In order to make an attic ladder, you need to calculate its dimensions. If a spiral staircase is being built, you need to take care of its compactness.

Main dimensions:

• The width of the step must be at least 300 mm;
• Riser height from 150 mm;
• March width 800-1000 mm;
• The slope of the stairs should be from 20 to 45 degrees.

Based on these standards, you can correctly calculate the dimensions for the stairs being built.

It is worth considering the size of the opening in the attic. The width of the staircase itself depends on the size of the openings. If the opening is not provided for during construction, then it is worth making one the right size or build an external staircase leading to the attic.

Wooden external staircase to the attic: pros and cons

The location of the stairs plays a big role. It can be located in the living room and lead to the attic floor. Or lead from the first floor to the attic.

If you have limited space in your home, you can use an outside staircase to access the attic.

Positive features of an external staircase:

• Saving space inside the house;
• Possibility to enter the top floor from the street.

External stairs are made of wood, metal, concrete, stone. Optimal material- tree. It is resistant to the external environment if its surface has been treated and varnished. But there is a small drawback: in winter you will have to clean such stairs often. Wooden attic stairs are often used in the country. Typically, a room is used not for living, but for storing things. This ladder can be used as needed. If its design is attached, it can be stored indoors. This type of ladder is used to access the attic, but is not the safest.

An external staircase is convenient because if a person lives on the attic floor and comes home late, he will not disturb others with his arrival.

If you live in a five-story cottage, then an external staircase will be your salvation. Several neighbors can live in one house. In order not to climb inside the house every time and not disturb the neighbors, you can attach your own stairs.

This staircase is susceptible to precipitation, which can accumulate on it. This problem can be solved by constructing a protective canopy.

Sliding staircase to the attic floor in a multi-storey building

In some multi-storey buildings There are attics that can be used by residents. You can make an exit to the attic from your own apartment. Initially, you need to decide on the location of the stairs. If the layout of the apartment does not allow installing a permanent staircase, in this case you can use a sliding one. It can be used if necessary. The installation of such stairs allows you to save space in the apartment. The manufacturer "Fakro" offers a large selection of sliding stairs along with a hatch.

Before you buy sliding staircase, necessary:

• Make a calculation;
• Look ready-made samples on the manufacturer’s (store) website;
• Choose the design of the future structure;
• Order the product in the required sizes.

Sliding stairs not only save space, but also do not disturb the interior of the apartment. Stairs of this design are compact, safe and durable.

Due to this staircase design, it is possible to easily and without leaving your own apartment to get from the fifth floor to the attic. You can store things and furniture on it that are not currently in use, or arrange a separate room.

Compact staircase to the attic: attic structures

Many people use folding attic ladders to save space in their home or cottage. Stairs from the manufacturer "Fakro" have a reliable design. They are made using a specific design, high-quality wood and metal. Their design is convenient to use.

Models with a hatch have a door that closes tightly and is insulated. The door closes securely, so cold air will not flow from the attic into the house.

How to make a staircase to the attic with your own hands (video)

The attic staircase should be safe and comfortable. Then you should pay attention to its design. First of all, you need to calculate correct sizes and determine its location in the house. The comfort of people who will use the attic floor depends on the position of the staircase. Therefore, the convenience of the residents of the house depends on the design of the staircase and where it will be installed.

Marching staircase to the attic

The equipment of an additional room in the attic is good option increasing the living space in the house. After the attic has become habitable, it is necessary to take care of the installation beautiful stairs to the attic. Even when designing, it is necessary to think about where the attic staircase will be installed, what type it will have, and what material it will be made of.

Types of attic staircase structures

Depending on the installation location, the attic staircase can be internal or external. The internal staircase structure is the most used option, but takes up a lot of space. The external staircase for the attic is mounted on the outside of the building and is an element of the building facade. According to the type of construction, stairs to the attic are:

• Single-flight staircase to the attic. This attic staircase is easy to manufacture and install.

• Double-flight (turning) staircase for the attic.

• With winder steps. In this case, the turntable is replaced by steps in the form of a trapezoid. This staircase for the attic takes less space than two-flight.

• Screw. This type of attic structure takes up a minimum of space and is the most acceptable option. A spiral attic staircase will add originality to any interior. Assembling a screw attic structure from winder steps, which are mounted on a supporting pole.

• Foldable. This is the most economical type of design. It is used when attic stairs are rarely used. The folding staircase to the attic consists of separate sections and is placed in the ceiling hatch. It is easy to install, easy to operate, takes small space, reliable and simple.

Material selection

The main material for making stairs to the attic is wood, less often metal and very rarely stone. Sometimes the march to the attic is combined, when the string is made of metal and the steps are made of wood.

More often used inside the home wooden staircase for the attic. The wooden staircase structure can have any look and shade. Wood is environmentally friendly, reliable, and easy to process. The lumber prepared for work must be smooth, free from knots, cracks and deformations.

The staircase to the attic, made of metal, is mainly installed indoors. This attic structure is reliable in operation and differs high strength.

The attic staircase, made of stone, is installed outside the building. It is reliable and well made. After installation, the stone staircase structure is plastered and painted in the color of the building facade.

Marching design and calculation of elements

A flight of stairs for the attic is the easiest to build. It may have one or several spans. For the flight of stairs to be used a long period, when designing, it is necessary to carry out the correct calculation of all elements:

• The bowstring and stringer are the main load-bearing elements of the entire structure. Staircase for the attic with bowstrings is the most used option. The bowstring is made either wooden or metal. Wood bowstrings are most often used, as they are easy to process and install. Recommended dimensions of a wooden bowstring: length – 2000-5500 mm, width – from 350 mm, thickness – from 25 to 50 mm. A staircase to the attic with stringers looks more beautiful, but is difficult to manufacture and install. For installation, you need to know what length and height it will be, the depth of its steps, and the height of the riser.

• Steps and risers. They are made from flat, processed boards, with a width of 0.2 to 0.3 m, based on the free space allocated for the flight of stairs. All steps must be sanded, cuts and irregularities removed. The risers are selected in height, ranging from 15 to 20 cm.

• Number of steps. The length of the flight of stairs must be divided by permissible height steps. If the staircase structure has 18 steps or more, it is recommended to make turning areas.
• Turning area. The attic staircase can be turned 90 and 180 degrees, depending on the shape of the staircase. The width of the landing should be the same as the width of the flight of stairs. It is worthwhile to provide a platform length of more than 1 meter, which is commensurate with the length of a person’s step. This will ensure normal movement around the site.

• Steepness. The slope of the flight of stairs should be in the range from 30 to 45 degrees. This meets the conditions for its safe use and ergonomics. With a slope of more than 45 degrees, carrying heavy things and moving people will be very inconvenient. With a slope of less than 30 degrees, the staircase to the attic will be longer and take up a lot of free space.

• Structure length. To calculate it, you need to take the places where the march is attached to the floor and lower floor. Having obtained the height and width of the structure, we calculate its length using the formula for the hypotenuse of a right triangle.

Installation of marchingstaircase design

This installation procedure is typical. The set for attic stairs includes a string, balusters with railings, treads, and risers. To install the bowstring, grooves are installed in the upper ceiling for its installation. Sometimes the indicated grooves are not made, but metal stoppers are installed and firmly secured. In the place of the lower fastening of the bowstring, at the level of the first step, a locking block is installed and secured to the floor so that even minimal movement is prevented when the ladder is loaded. Installation of steps is extremely simple. The grooves in the string prepared for the steps must be coated with adhesive and risers installed. After this, you need to make sure that the risers are aligned with the edge and attach them with nails or screws. You can lay treads on the fixed risers and secure them. In this situation, the glue does not allow the steps to creak.

Advice! For ease of use, it is recommended to start installing steps on attic stairs from the first bottom step.

When installing balusters, you need to ensure that they are all installed at the same height. To do this, you need to mount identical balusters on the first and last steps, stretch a rope between them and install the remaining balusters along the line of the stretched rope. Handrails, which can be made of different materials. The assembled attic stairs are sanded again. Sanded stairs are sealed with impregnations that repel water and protect against wood insects. Installation of a flight of stairs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cs53sgwpvEo

Screw design, installation procedure

The screw attic structure looks more attractive, but its production and installation are much more expensive than direct march ones. When installing a spiral staircase in the attic, a load-bearing pillar is most often used, where trapezoidal steps are mounted on an axis one after the other. For stability and reliability, the pole is positioned exactly vertically and concreted at the base. Cylinders are cut from a pipe whose diameter is several millimeters larger than the pole. Steps are attached to the cylinders and mounted on a pole. After the steps are put on the axial post, they are placed on required angles and attached to a pole. The tread should be between 10 cm deep at the pillar and up to 40 cm at the outside. The riser must have average height 20 cm. The staircase to the attic is equipped with railings. Standard railings have a height of 1 meter, which can be increased if necessary. When installing screw structures for the attic, do not forget that they are all due to design features

limited in use. Installation of a spiral staircase https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIAhjFjVWf4 A simple way to increase the living space of a small country house

Types of attic stairs, their advantages and disadvantages

Let's start with the fact that the stairs to the attic themselves can be installed both inside the house and outside. The second option is rarely used, only if the area of ​​the rooms on the first floor does not allow the installation of a staircase structure. It is dangerous to use such stairs in winter or in the rain, so they are covered with canopies or awnings different shapes and sizes. Although not always. The photo below shows an example of such a wooden structure.

Basically, staircase structures to the attic are installed inside the house. Purely constructively, three varieties are chosen: marching, screw or folding. He will talk about each of them.

Online staircase calculator

To find out the approximate cost of stairs various types, use the following calculator:

Marching stairs to the attic

This is the simplest option in design. Such stairs are very convenient in terms of moving along them. But they are subject to one very important requirement - the angle of inclination should not exceed 45°, but, as experts say, it is better not more than 40°. Therefore, this type is not always possible, especially in small spaces. Because marching stairs have a large projection onto the plane of the floor base. In fact, they take up a lot of space.

Flight structures are distinguished by the number of flights: with one, with two with a 90° turn, with two with a 180° turn and an intermediate platform. IN latest version the platform can be replaced with winder steps. So that you understand what we mean we're talking about, the photo below shows such a design.

Let's consider each variant of marching models separately.

Single march

This is the most simple design, straight without turns or turns. Name her compact staircase You can’t go into the attic, it takes up too much space, taking into account the slope of no more than 40°. If the room through which the transition to the attic is organized has decent dimensions, then this type can be installed. It is not installed in small private houses.

The single-flight design has many advantages:

minimum materials from which it is made;

accordingly and low price products;

simplicity installation and assembly;

if you install it correctly near the wall, then places she will occupy A little;

can be arranged under the stairs storage space for household utensils or a recreation area, as shown in the photo below.

Installation of a single-flight staircase is a simple process. If it is small in size, then it is delivered to the house ready-made. Such structures are made to order, the main thing is to accurately measure the dimensions of the area where the stairs will be installed. And this is the height of the ceiling in the house, the angle of inclination of the structure, its width and the height of the railings.

Often craftsmen bring only lumber with them and do the manufacturing locally. In this case, all dimensional parameters are measured in the house and immediately transferred to boards and beams. We must pay tribute that the first option is simpler. Ready product you just need to install it in the ceiling opening and secure it to the floor of the first and attic floors. If the staircase is located near the wall, then it also goes to this plane.

Pay attention to the photo below, which shows how easy it is to assemble a simple one-flight staircase.

Install two beams connecting the floor of the attic and the lower floor of the house.

They are installed on their internal planes and secured with self-tapping screws. bars section 50x50 mm.

On the bars install boards, performing the functions of steps.

After which they produce installation of railings fencing.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most . In the filters you can set the desired direction, the presence of gas, water, electricity and other communications.

Double march

When the task is to make a staircase to the attic in small house, then they often choose a two-flight design or a screw one. In this section we consider the first model. They can be of two versions: with a turn of 90 and 180°. It cannot be said that one of the two options is preferable. It all depends on how high the ceiling is in the house, and how much space in the room is allocated for the construction of the stairs. The second option takes up less space.

Let's look at how craftsmen assemble a staircase with a 90° turn.

First it is applied to the walls marking intermediate platform. That is, its height, width and length. The last two parameters may be the same.

According to the applied marks site is being constructed, under which four support posts made of timber with a minimum cross-section of 100x100 mm must be installed. The racks are attached to the floor, and those that stand against the wall are also attached to its plane.

Supports tied with boards 50 mm thick or beams 100x100 mm.

The resulting structure on top covered with boards 30-40 mm thick, you can use plywood, OSB or chipboard.

The platform is ready, now a single-flight staircase is installed to it from the floor of the lower floor, which with its upper ends will rest against the prepared platform. It will be attached to it. The technology for installing a single-flight structure is described above.

Now another one-flight staircase structure is being installed from the intermediate platform towards the entrance to the attic. Only it is laid along the adjacent wall, and additionally attached to it.

Video description

The video shows how a two-flight staircase to the attic is assembled with a 90° turn:

A two-flight structure with a 180° rotation is a more complex structure, although it consists of two flights, like the previous version. They just fit relative to each other in opposite directions. Such stairs are often installed in the attic in small room, which is not residential. For example, it could be a corridor, veranda, etc.

The essence of the whole design is that the intermediate platform is made wider so that two flights can fit on it on one side: lower and upper. And since minimum width the marching structure is 80 cm, respectively, the width of the platform should be at least 160 cm. It is from this value that one must start when constructing a staircase of this type.

As for the assembly process itself, it is no different from the previous one. That is, first an intermediate platform is assembled, then a lower flight is installed on it from the lower floor of the house, and then the upper one. Both parts of the staircase can be assembled in the workshop, and once ready for installation, they can be assembled on site.

It should be noted that today, stairs connecting the attic with an intermediate platform are increasingly being abandoned. Preference is given to models with winder steps. They are easier to install and cheaper in terms of material consumption. We will not describe how such a structure is made. Watch the video where you can clearly see all this.

Video description

The video shows how easy it is to assemble a finished two-flight staircase with winder steps:

I would like to add that today the so-called modular stairs are very popular. They are assembled in modules made from metal pipes. Parts of the structure are selected according to size. They are easily connected to each other using a socket method and secured with bolts, which already guarantees high reliability of fastening. But the steps are made of durable wood. The result is a kind of symbiosis of metal and wood, which always looks presentable. Metal is often painted black, but here manufacturers offer different variants.

Screw

These are the most original and unusual stairs, with which you can climb to the attic. Their main advantage is compactness. They fit in almost any room.

Their design feature is a pillar post on which the steps are attached along a spiral ascending line. Moreover, the shape of the latter can be different: from classic rectangular to original rounded.

This design can be installed in a corner or against the wall of the room, and it will not interfere. At the same time, the space around the stairs can be used in different ways.

Today, manufacturers offer different options for assembling spiral staircases to the attic. But increasingly, consumers are choosing modular designs. They consist of pipe sections onto which support elements are welded. The latter are already metal steps. They will subsequently be finished (covered) with wooden steps. The modules are assembled together using a socket method, followed by bolting.

Folding

What can we say about folding stairs to the attic? They did not take root in Russia. They are used too, but not as often. After all, our compatriots are accustomed to monumental construction. They do not accept the Western approach to housing.

Purely structurally, these stairs consist of several parts that are connected to each other by hinges. Therefore, they can easily be folded up to the ceiling or, in general, stored in the attic. Such structures are called attics and they belong to the category of ladders. Today, manufacturers offer a huge range of them. They can be selected by length and number of sections, by design, as well as by the type of raw material: metal or wood.

Here are some advantages of this type of stairs:

Maximum compactness.

If necessary, they can be put away(fold), and in the lower room they will not interfere.

Manufacturers do everything to ensure that transforming stairs have maximum security. After all, very often in attic rooms they organize children's rooms, which means that children will mainly move along the stairs.

Unfolding the device or folding it is not very difficult. All it takes is several manipulations.

Small specific gravity- also a big plus.

Acceptable price in comparison with other varieties.

Let us add that in terms of design, folding stairs are divided into the following types:

folding in the form accordions;

telescopic type;

folding- not the most popular type, because this option resembles a single-flight staircase with a large angle of inclination.

Conclusion

Regardless of where the staircase to the attic will be installed: from the veranda, corridor or living room, it is recommended to make it beautiful. Its appearance should fit into the interior design of the room. It should not stand out too much, but emphasize interior decoration must definitely. Therefore, when choosing the option proposed in this article, we recommend that you coordinate it with the designer whom you have entrusted to organize the interior of your home.

The presence of an attic in the house makes it easy to equip a comfortable and functional room for any needs without the need to add additional floors or rooms. An important element of this room is the staircase, because it is thanks to it that you can quickly and safely get to the attic floor.

What a staircase to the attic should be like, what to look for when choosing a design and material, and whether it is possible to make attic stairs with your own hands - we will look in more detail in our article.

Types of attic stairs

According to the type of installation, the staircase to the attic, photo below, can be:

• Internal - a universal type of attic stairs, which is located inside the building. It can take up quite a lot of space, so it is important to carefully choose its design if the room area is small.
• External - located on the outside of the building, such a rise to the attic floor is an integral part of the facade. Thanks to this type, the attic will have a separate entrance from the street. It is better to design an external staircase to the attic during the construction stage of the house.

Construction of attic stairs

The standard single-flight is a straight structure located at an angle, the magnitude of which depends on the height of the ceiling. Optimal angle the rise should be 30-45 degrees, so such an attic staircase should not be installed if the floor height is more than 2.5 m - the steps will be too steep and inconvenient, and the structure will take up a lot of space. In addition, this type requires a long opening in the ceiling, which will reduce usable area attics.

In the photo - a straight attic staircase

Double-flight - an option suitable for spacious rooms, since it requires the allocation of space for it, designed for a turntable. Suitable for any ceiling height, maintaining convenient step sizes. The rotation can be either 90 degrees or 180, and to save space it is better to install such an attic staircase in the corner.

One of the options for the location of the attic staircase

With winder steps - instead of a turntable, trapezoidal steps are installed, which are laid with the narrow side into a smaller turning radius. For convenience, the width of the middle step should be at least 0.3 m. This design will take less space than a rotary one, but will provide a comfortable climb to the attic.

You can make such an attic staircase yourself

Screw is the most economical option of all, since it takes up the least space. Capable of transforming and making original any interior. Consists of winder steps attached to the central axis ( support pillar). But at the same time, spiral attic stairs are very inconvenient, since you can easily trip on them. In addition, it is worth taking care of installing reliable railings and additional lighting going up to the attic.

How to correctly position the stairs to the attic without losing useful space

Folding - the simplest and inexpensive option attic stairs, but it is better to install it if the attic is not used constantly, for example, in the country. It is a compact design of several sections, which, when folded, are easily stored in the ceiling hatch. Such attic stairs are easy to install, do not require planning and are convenient to use, do not take up space, are durable and reliable.

Small folding attic staircase

Which material is better?

The attic staircase is a full-fledged part of the interior, and in the case street installation– important architectural element. When choosing the material and design of the stairs to the attic, you should focus on the interior of the room.

Wooden attic stairs, photo below, can be of any design, shape and color, they are very easy to fit into the interior. In addition, wood is durable and durable material, which can give the room additional comfort. But wood needs timely processing special compounds, capable of extending its service life.

Metal attic stairs will highlight the unique design of the room. They are durable and reliable and look very original. They can be painted in any suitable shade or ordered chrome - it all depends on the design of the attic and the whole house. Attic metal stairs suitable for any house: brick, wood, stone.

How to make a spiral staircase to the attic

Stone - solid and reliable structures for climbing to the attic floor. But it is better to install them in brick houses, since visually they are heavy and can overload the interior. It is best to install such a ladder outside. It can be plastered and painted to match the color of the facade.

How to build an attic staircase with your own hands

You can buy a ready-made staircase to the attic, but there is a risk that it will not fit into the inner dimensions Houses. Manufacturing to individual order is a very expensive solution and takes a long time to produce. Therefore, the easiest way is to make a staircase to the attic with your own hands.

Layout of the stairs to the attic

The construction of a staircase to the attic begins with determining the location of its installation: for a residential attic floor, it is better to make the exit from the hallway or living room, and for a temporary one, from the veranda or street. The easiest way is to construct a staircase to the attic using stringers (wooden or metal beams, located along the wall).

Basic concepts for calculation

A string should be stretched along the wall, connecting the top point of the attic subfloor and the beginning of the stairs on the first floor. After this, you should calculate the number of steps. It is advisable to first draw up drawings with a work plan and be guided by them during installation.

The dimensions of the tread and riser will depend on the angle of inclination. Wherein maximum height steps should not exceed 20 cm (at 45 degrees) and be less than 12 cm (at 30 degrees). The depth of the step should be between 30-38 cm. The optimal span width is about 100-120 cm.

Angles are marked on the stringer based on the number and position of steps. At the top of the board, you should leave a spike measuring 50-100 mm, depending on the cross-section of the beam, designed to secure the hatch to the attic. A groove is hollowed out in the ceiling under the tenon using a chisel.

After this, the board should be grabbed to the wall and the calculated number of steps should be drawn (lines should be drawn strictly according to the level). In this case, the first board from the bottom is drawn taking into account the thickness of the tread board.

Then the board can be removed and teeth cut into it. The second board is cut according to the pattern of the first. For wide stairs, it is better to prepare three beams.

Installation

First, the base of the staircase is installed, which should be secured with a block. The stringers are screwed to it with self-tapping screws; with the upper tenons they should fit into the prepared grooves coated with wood glue. The strength of the structure will be given by strengthening the structure metal corners and threaded rods (connect stringers in 3-4 places). After this, the first beam is screwed to the wall.

The lower step is mounted first; it can be secured with self-tapping screws, which need to be recessed and closed with wooden plugs. After this, the riser is installed.

The tread is screwed on the reverse side. This way the stringers are sewn up to the top. The outer line of the steps is sheathed with boards or plywood.

If the width of the attic staircase is more than 120 cm, then the installation of railings is not necessary, otherwise the vertical posts are bolted to the stringers, and the railings are attached to them. The optimal height of the staircase railing to the attic is about 85 cm.

You can learn more about how to make a staircase to the attic in the video: